2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)最新文献

{"title":"A new detection technique for identifying chipless RFID tags","authors":"R. Rezaiesarlak, M. Manteghi","doi":"10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6928006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6928006","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. A chipless RFID system includes a reader, antenna and multiple tags presented in the main beam of the reader antenna. In addition, there are some background objects in the reader zone which makes the identifying process more challenging. Each tag has a unique ID, which is incorporated as a set of natural resonant frequencies. The presence or absence of these assigned resonances are considered as bit 1 and 0, respectively. In some practical applications, multiple tags may exist in the reader zone. In such cases, the detection and identification of the tags is challenging. Here, we introduce a new space-time-frequency identification technique by which we can distinguish the poles (complex natural resonances) of the tags successfully.","PeriodicalId":277196,"journal":{"name":"2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115866013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Exa Volt Antenna","authors":"P. Gorham, H. Schoorlemmer, F. Baginski, P. Allison, K. Liewer, C. Miki, B. Hill, G. Varner","doi":"10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6928131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6928131","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The Exa Volt Antenna is an ultra-high energy (UHE) particle observatory under development for NASA's suborbital super-pressure balloon program in Antarctica. Radio impulses are emitted via the Askaryan effect when UHE neutrinos interact in the ice, and from geomagnetic emission from UHE cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere above Antarctica. The design utilized part of the balloons surfaces as a reflector which collimates the incoming radiation to a feed-array mounted on a surface inside the balloon. In this way, an ultra-large radio antenna system with a synoptic view on the Antarctic ice sheet below is created. The instantaneous aperture is estimated to be several hundred m2 within the frequency range between 150-600MHz. For standard models of cosmogenic UHE neutrino productions, EVA's sensitivity should result in the order of 30 events per flight. This is a 1-2 orders improvement over ANITA's integrated totals, which is the current state-of-the-art UHE particle observatory for cosmogenic neutrinos. The estimated total amount of UHE cosmic rays is in the order of 15,000, of which we expect several hundred above 10 EeV, and of order 60 above the GZK cutoff energy. Using a the surface of a suborbital supper-pressure balloon as a toroidal reflector is a novel technique of which thorough validation with scale models and simulations is ongoing. The focus of this talk will be the scientific motivation for the mission and recent results from ongoing design studies.","PeriodicalId":277196,"journal":{"name":"2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116035122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid-metal reconfigurable RF components and antennas","authors":"Jonathan H. Dang, Andy M. Morishita, R. C. Gough, Wenqi Hu, A. Ohta, W. Shiroma","doi":"10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6927985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6927985","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. Reconfigurable RF components are attractive for changing key system parameters such as operating frequency and gain. Typical reconfigurable components use switches or solid-state devices. These methods assume that the metal elements of the circuit themselves cannot be altered. We present recent work from a different paradigm by substituting liquid metal for key metal elements to enable reconfigurability. We present an overview of recent work in this emerging field, including a liquid-metal doublestub tuner, frequency selective surface (FSS), filters, and monopole arrays as proof-of-concept demonstrations using liquid metal in RF devices. This concept can be extended to many other RF devices. In the case of a double-stub tuner, liquid metal is substituted for the two open-circuit stubs. By adjusting the lengths of the stubs, a broad range of tuning impedance is achieved. Compared to using switches for impedance matching, which only have a discrete number of states, liquid metal offers a continuous range of states because of its analog nature. An FSS was created by interspersing liquid metal with mineral oil in periodically spaced tubes. By changing both the length of the liquid metal and the mineral oil spacing, two octaves of frequency tuning from 4 GHz to 17 GHz was demonstrated. A third type of component that we describe is a tunable filter. The periodic lattices of a low-pass filter with a defected ground structure (DGS) were composed of liquid metal. Liquid metal could then either fill or evacuate a DGS lattice to achieve cutoff-frequency tuning from 1.9 GHz to 3 GHz. Finally, recent work in S-band Yagi-Uda monopole arrays is presented. Tubes of liquid metal were used as the fed, parasitic, and director elements. By adjusting the length of liquid metal inside of the elements both the operating frequency and endfire directions can be changed over an octave.","PeriodicalId":277196,"journal":{"name":"2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116427797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced validation of satellite derived sounding products using reference and dedicated radiosondes","authors":"F. Iturbide-Sanchez, A. Reale, N. Nalli, M. Divakarla, A. Gambacorta, Bomin Sun, Changyi Tan, X. Xiong, E. Maddy, M. Wilson","doi":"10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6928049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6928049","url":null,"abstract":"The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Products validation System (NPROVS) has been operating at NOAA/Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) since 2008 to routinely monitor over different latitudes the performance of temperature and water vapor profiles retrieved from operational environmental satellite sensor observations against conventional upper air radiosonde observations (RAOB). The following paper presents an enhancement of this approach, NPROVS+, using routinely available reference and satellite synchronized dedicated RAOB data. Dedicated RAOB funded by the S-NPP JPSS Cal/Val program include those launched at several sites including the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility, and the Pacific Missile Range Facility (PMRF) as well as series of intensive AERosols and Ocean Science Expeditions (AEROSE) field experiments. Reference RAOBs are from the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Reference Upper Air Network (GRUAN) and include traceable uncertainty estimates of observed geophysical parameters. The use of reference and dedicated RAOBs elevates the validation and allows direct use of uncertainty estimates to help interpret satellite product performance. These data are generally independent of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models (which assimilate conventional RAOBs), typically used to validate satellite-derived products and in some cases also used to provide apriori information for the satellite products. This independence along with the reference standard provided by such data make them desirable for characterizing satellite product performance.","PeriodicalId":277196,"journal":{"name":"2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117223234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of LTE signals on cable TV devices","authors":"David F. Hunter, J. Coder, J. Ladbury","doi":"10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6927947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6927947","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. Personal phones and computing tablets are being widely deployed with 4G/LTE wireless communication capability. Some of the frequencies allocated for these devices are also used by cable TV multiple-system operators (MSOs) to deliver video and data services to homes. This raises the question of how susceptible the cable TV system is to interference from LTE signals. Set top boxes and cable modems are used as end point devices in an MSO cable plant. These devices are fed the RF signals over coaxial cable. To investigate the possible interactions between radiated LTE signals and cable systems, a number of tests were developed and conducted at NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology).","PeriodicalId":277196,"journal":{"name":"2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)","volume":"276 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115251825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A minimized architecture for transmitting high-rate data through a small antenna","authors":"M. Salehi, M. Manteghi","doi":"10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6927970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6927970","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. As the wireless communication devices shrink in size, transmission bandwidth becomes a challenging factor for antenna designers. For example, biomedical implants are among the most critical devices that are required to have a minimized size while transmitting high data-rate information. Particularly, devices that interact with the nervous system such as cochlear and visual prostheses must be able to transmit a large amount of data in order to provide a high-resolution sensing for the user. Even though a high data-rate can be achieved by increasing the carrier frequency in broadband systems, in low-frequency applications high-bandwidth data-transmission remains as a challenging requirement. Furthermore, power consumption and the overall size of the device is a key point in many wireless units such as biomedical implantable devices.","PeriodicalId":277196,"journal":{"name":"2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114181763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of silicon-germanium circuits for high-frequency small satellite-based integrated radiometers","authors":"C. Coen, A. Çağrı Ulusoy, R. Schmid, J. Cressler","doi":"10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6928059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6928059","url":null,"abstract":"Small satellites are increasingly attractive platforms for performing high-quality Earth science radiometric observations. Traditional scientific satellites and instruments are extremely expensive, one-of-a-kind designs with long design cycles. In order to maintain long-term uninterrupted science data collection, re-designing new large satellites and instruments for each application every few decades may not be practical. Small satellites, however, are relatively economical and can be deployed in large constellations to collect global data with high spatial and temporal resolution. These satellites can potentially be manufactured to scale and periodically replaced, enabling practical long-term data collection. Radiometers for these platforms need to be highly integrated and suitable for scale production, assembly, and testing. This necessitates a unique instrument design.","PeriodicalId":277196,"journal":{"name":"2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115810136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A SRR-Loaded sub-wavelength waveguide with H-plane-bend radiator and improved matching for high power application","authors":"Xuyuan Pan, M. Al‐Husseini, G. Atmatzakis, C. Christodoulou","doi":"10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6927984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6927984","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. In this paper, a split-ring-resonator-loaded sub-wavelength waveguide with H-plane-bend (HPB) radiator structure is proposed. Improved matching is applied to minimize the reflected power at the input. This proposed waveguide is used as part of a high-power narrow-wall slotted waveguide antenna. The waveguide is loaded with an optimized split-ring resonator (SRR) array applying H-plane discontinuity. The S parameters of the SRR-loaded waveguide with HPB-radiator indicates resonance below the cutoff frequency. The transverse dimension of this waveguide is reduced significantly. An improved waveguide to waveguide transition design is proposed to be added at its input to reduce the insertion loss. The HPB-radiator [N.R. Devarapalli, Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol.53, no.2, pp.380-389, May 2011] is added to the output of the waveguide to minimize the reflected power at the input. This waveguide achieves approximately 60% transverse aperture reduction from a conventional standard waveguide WR137 to WR90. With a resonance around 5.7 GHz, this waveguide shows that it supports propagation below the cutoff frequency of WR90, which is 6.55 GHz. A quarter-wavelength transformer and a step waveguide transition are proposed and optimized to reduce the insertion loss caused by the wave impedance difference between the proposed waveguide and the feeding C-band waveguide. The placement of the SRRs with central spacing between the rings and the step transition applying C-plane discontinuity are optimized to provide a low return loss. This SRR-loaded sub-wavelength waveguide with HPB-radiator can be applied to a sub-wavelength narrow-wall slotted waveguide antenna for high power applications.","PeriodicalId":277196,"journal":{"name":"2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127364568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of temperature gradient instability as the source of mid-latitude decameter-scale quiet-time ionospheric irregularities","authors":"A. Eltrass, W. Scales, A. Mahmoudian, S. de Larquier, J. Ruohoniemi, J. Baker, R. Greenwald, P. Erickson","doi":"10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6928095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6928095","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. SuperDARN HF radars regularly observe decameter-scale ionospheric irregularities at mid-latitudes during quiet geomagnetic conditions. The mechanism responsible for the growth of such common irregularities is still unknown. Previous joint measurements by Millstone Hill Incoherent Scatter Radar (ISR) and SuperDARN HF radar located at Wallops Island, Virginia have identified the presence of opposed meridional electron density and temperature gradients in the region of decameter-scale electron density irregularities period. These gradients have been proposed to be responsible for low velocity Sub-Auroral Ionospheric Scatter (SAIS) observed by SuperDARN radars. Temperature gradient instability (TGI) is investigated as the potential source of irregularities associated with these SuperDARN echoes. The electrostatic dispersion relation for TGI has been extended into the kinetic regime appropriate for SuperDARN radar frequencies by including Landau damping, finite gyro-radius effects, and temperature anisotropy. This dispersion relation has been compared with the fluid model of the TGI proposed by Hudson and Kelley [1976]. The variations of TGI growth rate with electron collision frequency, temperature gradients, density gradients, and the angle between wave vector and magnetic field have been studied. Since temperature and density gradients are a persistent feature in the mid-latitude ionosphere near the plasmapause, the drift mode growth rate at short wavelengths may explain the observed mid-latitude ionospheric irregularities. The calculations of electron temperature and density gradients in the direction perpendicular to the geomagnetic field have shown that the TGI growth is possible in the top-side F-region for the duration of the experiment. A time series for the growth rate has been developed for mid-latitude ionospheric irregularities observed by SuperDARN in the top-side F-region [Greenwald et al., 2006]. This time series is computed for both perpendicular and meridional density and temperature gradients. These observations show the role of TGI is dominant over the gradient drift instability (GDI) in this case. Nonlinear evolution of the TGI has been studied utilizing gyro-kinetic “Particle In Cell” (PIC) simulations with Monte Carlo collisions. This allows detailed study of saturation amplitude, particle flux, heat flux, diffusion coefficient, and thermal diffusivity of the resistive drift wave turbulence. The simulation results have been compared with the linear theory for the short and long wavelength regime. A critical comparison of computational modeling results and experimental observations is discussed.","PeriodicalId":277196,"journal":{"name":"2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125338560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical leaky wave antennas integrated with resonator topologies","authors":"C. Guclu, S. Campione, O. Boyraz, F. Capolino","doi":"10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6927983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/USNC-URSI-NRSM.2014.6927983","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. In this work, we study the theory and design of an optical leaky wave antenna (OLWA) integrated with resonator topologies such as Fabry-Pérot resonator and ring resonator tuned to the telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm (193.4 THz). The presented OLWA design is compatible with CMOS fabrication technologies. It comprises silicon (Si), silica glass (SiO2) domains forming a dielectric waveguide that hosts numerous periodic perturbations. The radiation from an isolated OLWA takes place due to the leaky wave which decays slowly as it propagates along the perturbed waveguide. The design is tuned by purposely using perturbations of very small filling fraction in a unit cell, thus resulting in a leaky wave harmonic with very small attenuation and phase constants. This in turn leads to a very directive radiated beam almost in the direction normal to the axis of leaky wave propagation. In [Campione et al., Opt. Exp., 20, pp. 21305-21317, (2012)], for a similar isolated OLWA design, the tunability of radiation levels by modifying the optical properties of the Si domain through electron-hole excess carrier generation (thus the leaky wave's propagation constant) is proven to be limited, and an analytic model of OLWA in FPR is provided for the first time with a significant radiation level control. Therefore, in this research we turn our attention to utilizing the OLWA design integrated with resonator schemes such as ring resonators in order to achieve significant radiation control through the control of carrier densities in Si domains. We demonstrate effective control of radiation level alongside engineering a desired beam direction and directivity. Depending on the scheme of OLWA placement inside the resonator topology, the design procedure involves the construction of far-field as an interference beam radiated by different OLWA regions. Such a design allows for forming a stable radiated beam with frequency as well as achieving a high quality factor of resonance and hence an effective control of radiation level. Moreover the minimization of Si regions' sizes can lead to fast electronic operation through control of Si carrier density. The OLWA integrated with resonators are promising for improving the performances of optical switches.","PeriodicalId":277196,"journal":{"name":"2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126037210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}