{"title":"Applying Molecular Communication Theory to Multi-Scale Integrated Models of Biological Pathways","authors":"Zahmeeth Sakkaff, B. Unluturk, M. Pierobon","doi":"10.1145/3345312.3345495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345312.3345495","url":null,"abstract":"The natural communication ability of cells is explored in this paper by providing preliminary results in the estimation of the Mutual Information (MI) of signaling pathway communication channels. These results, based on an application of Molecular Communication (MC) and information theory concepts to multi-scale integrated Flux-Balance Analysis (iFBA) models are a first step to evaluate the potential of cells and their biochemical processes as a substrate for enabling engineered MC channels for the future internet of Bio-Nano Things.","PeriodicalId":276288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116766291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joint Network and Propagation Performance Evaluation for High-Speed Railway Communications in the mmWave and THz Bands","authors":"Yi Chen, K. Guan, Chong Han","doi":"10.1145/3345312.3345485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345312.3345485","url":null,"abstract":"With rapid development in China and worldwide, reliable and broadband wireless communications in high-speed railway (HSR) become a stringent challenge recently. The current dedicated railway systems, GSM-R and LTE-R, cannot satisfy the demand of ultra-high data rates in the HSR communications. In this paper, a network design for mm-wave and THz wireless communications that co-exists with the dedicated systems in HSR is developed. Moreover, dynamic beamsteering including beamforming to overcome dropoffs and a soft handover protocol among neighboring mm-wave and THz base stations are presented. Furthermore, a complete propagation channel model is developed for the mm-wave and THz communications in HSR, by considering the weather influences including rain, fog, sand and dust. Numerical results show that the capacity in HSR reaches 27 Gbps at 300 GHz with the bandwidth of 50 GHz while the coverage is no more than 300 m. However, fog and heavy rain cause additional attenuations while the efforts of sand and dust are small.","PeriodicalId":276288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125021438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Malaney, Xiaoyu Ai, Hung Do, Mingjian He, E. Villaseñor, Ziqing Wang, J. Green
{"title":"Quantum Communications: From Space to the Nano","authors":"R. Malaney, Xiaoyu Ai, Hung Do, Mingjian He, E. Villaseñor, Ziqing Wang, J. Green","doi":"10.1145/3345312.3345498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345312.3345498","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we review recent research in some select topics in quantum communications. In each of the topics chosen we highlight how the techniques presented are of direct interest to quantum protocols operating over macro-scales (inter-continental ranges) as well as to quantum protocols operating over nano-scales (inter-chip ranges).","PeriodicalId":276288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122025356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saswati Pal, Nabiul Islam, S. Misra, S. Balasubramaniam
{"title":"In Vivo Channel Characterization for Dengue Virus Infection","authors":"Saswati Pal, Nabiul Islam, S. Misra, S. Balasubramaniam","doi":"10.1145/3345312.3345480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345312.3345480","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease, poses a global threat owing to the unavailability of any specific therapeutics. Since prevention is only restricted to vector control, a clear understanding of Dengue Virus (DENV) transmission within an infected host is essential. The dynamics of DENV transmission addressed in light of molecular communication paradigm is promising in providing crucial information accounting for disease control that can lead to development of novel approaches to clear the virus infection. In this work, we model the DENV transmission inside the body from the point of a mosquito bite to the targeted organs as a communication system. Based on the physiological processes involved in the transmission of DENV through the layers of skin and vascular systems, we identify and propose a channel model. By considering the dynamics of virus transmission through the channel, we analyze and calculate different channel phenomena, such as path loss and channel noise, and obtain an analytical expression for the capacity of the proposed channel model. The uncertainty in signal transmission is modeled and evaluated owing to the innate and adaptive immune response in the channel. We performed in-silico experiments for validation and provided numerical analysis for the channel characteristics. Our analysis revealed that the attenuation offered in the cutaneous channel does not result in significant signal loss. We also observed that the variations in the channel capacity is not substantially affected by the injection probabilities of the virus.","PeriodicalId":276288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123939447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agent Based Modeling of the Rhizobiome with Molecular Communication and Game Theory","authors":"Apostolos Almpanis, C. Corre, Adam Noel","doi":"10.1145/3345312.3345476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345312.3345476","url":null,"abstract":"The rhizobiome, namely the organisms living in association with a plant's roots, is one of nature's most complex environments. Yet, despite its huge economic and scientific importance, it is poorly understood. Here, a combination of agent-base modeling and molecular communication theory is proposed to construct a game-theoretical computational framework for the simulation of the rhizobiome. The model will use cellular automata to simulate the diffusion of signals in the environment. Molecular communication will provide the theoretical tools for the establishment of an accurate communication model, and game theory will be used to describe all decision-making processes of the model's agents. Such a model should be able to provide insights on the interplay between the various organisms present. Potential applications include crop production, novel antibiotics, and synthetic nanonetworks.","PeriodicalId":276288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121977504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of channel errors and data aggregation on throughput in THz communications","authors":"Noureddine Boujnah, Saim Ghafoor, A. Davy","doi":"10.1145/3345312.3345492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345312.3345492","url":null,"abstract":"In Terahertz communications, the throughput can be affected by incoming packet rate from upper layers and channel bit error probability. The techniques like block aggregation and retransmission can be used to mitigate these effects. The impact of data aggregation and forward error control on the overall throughput of Terahertz communications is shown and modeled in this paper. The throughput is also analyzed based on buffer status. The results suggest that using block aggregation with forwarding error control can enhance the useful throughput and reduce the buffer load.","PeriodicalId":276288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123629547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mimicking Biology's Sulfur Switching Mechanism for Redox Signal Reception","authors":"Jinyang Li, E. Kim, W. Bentley, G. Payne","doi":"10.1145/3345312.3345473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345312.3345473","url":null,"abstract":"Bridging communication between biology and electronics is critically dependent on the modality. There have been remarkable successes in bio-device communication through the electrical modality associated with the flow of ions across cellular membranes because this modality is integral to communication in biology (e.g., in neuromuscular systems) and this modality is readily accessible to convenient electrode measurements. There has been considerably less success in establishing bio-device communication through molecularly-specific biological modalities because of the intrinsic measurement challenges. We are focused on a third modality associated with reduction and oxidation (redox) reactions. From a biological perspective, this redox modality is integral to immune responses and wound healing, and even appears to inter-connect biological systems (e.g., the gut-brain axis) and biological kingdoms (e.g., the gut microbiome and epithelium). From a technological perspective, this redox modality has global electrical features that are accessible to convenient electrode measurements. Further, this redox modality has molecular features that offer some level of selectivity to redox-based bio-device communication. Here, we focus on a single mechanism integral to biological redox-based signal processing - the oxidative switching of thiols to disulfides. Biology uses this sulfur switching for the redox-responsive expression of genes associated with stress responses. Using model polymers, we show that electrochemical inputs can be used to induce redox-based sulfur switching. Experimental results demonstrate that variations in the \"strength\" (i.e., voltage) of the redox input signal can lead to qualitatively and quantitatively different responses in polymer assembly. Potentially, these observations recapitulate the redox-responsive sulfur switching that alters the permeability of mucous membranes.","PeriodicalId":276288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129999878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sunasheer Bhattacharjee, Martin Damrath, P. Hoeher
{"title":"EXIT Chart Analysis of Higher Order Modulation Schemes in Molecular Communications","authors":"Sunasheer Bhattacharjee, Martin Damrath, P. Hoeher","doi":"10.1145/3345312.3345464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345312.3345464","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses and compares the performance of existing modulation schemes in diffusion-based molecular communication systems by means of extrinsic information transfer chart and bit error rate analysis. Additionally, a new modulation scheme called variable concentration shift keying is introduced with proven advantage over conventional concentration shift keying in terms of bit error rate performance.","PeriodicalId":276288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116379673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hamidović, Uli Marta, G. Fink, R. Wille, A. Springer, W. Haselmayr
{"title":"Information Encoding in Droplet-Based Microfluidic Systems: First Practical Study","authors":"M. Hamidović, Uli Marta, G. Fink, R. Wille, A. Springer, W. Haselmayr","doi":"10.1145/3345312.3345482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345312.3345482","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we practically realize and investigate various information encoding schemes for droplet-based microfluidic systems. First, we introduce different approaches for representing information using droplets. Then, the most promising approaches are practically tested using fabricated microfluidic chips. Finally, the encoding methodologies are discussed and compared in terms of information rates and error tolerance.","PeriodicalId":276288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125001528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NanoCommunication-based Impermeable Region Mapping for Oil Reservoir Exploration","authors":"Liuyi Jin, L. Zuo, Zhipei Yan, R. Stoleru","doi":"10.1145/3345312.3345487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345312.3345487","url":null,"abstract":"Oil continues to play a significant role in providing worldwide energy. Impermeable zones (i.e., underground areas that allow only few hydrocarbons-collecting fluids, to pass through) can cause significant challenges during the drilling and oil production periods. The problem of mapping an impermeable area has been investigated mainly using seismic sensors deployed on the Earth surface. The existing solutions continue to be imprecise. In this paper we propose a solution that employs nanodevices enabled with wireless THz communication capabilities. The nanodevices are deployed underground and collected as part of oil exploration and recovery. Wireless connectivity among nanodevices is used for mapping underground flow propagation paths, and implicitly, impermeable areas. Since the deployment underground of nanodevices is costly, in this paper we aim to reduce the number of insertion and collection/production wells. Through simulations, we show that our proposed solution achieves good accuracy in mapping impermeable zones, with a reduced cost.","PeriodicalId":276288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133304473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}