Journal of Hepatitis Research最新文献

{"title":"The Glycodiversity of HCV E2 Glycoprotein-Specific Antibodies as a Signature of Hepatic Damage and Virotherapy Efficacy","authors":"K. O, J. J., S. B, G. J.","doi":"10.26420/jhepatres.2022.1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jhepatres.2022.1046","url":null,"abstract":"The HCV E2 glycoprotein-specific Abs (E2-Ab) is an important factor in the host resistance to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. There is evidence that the E2-Ab sialylation is associated with liver damage and virotherapy efficacy. The aim of this study was to further profile the E2-Ab glycosylation. The fucosylation and sialylation of E2-Ab in one hundred six (HCV)-infected patients were tested using the lectin-based ELISA platform. Data were analyzed by the stage of hepatic fibrosis, HCV genotype and the response to IF-RBV virotherapy. The changes in the E2–Ab glycosylation were also evaluated by the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) and multiple regression analysis. The E2-Ab reactivity to fucose-specific Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) and sialo-specific Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) was decreased in the advanced stages of liver fibrosis. The SNA binding analysis was more informative in the discrimination of patients with advanced fibrosis compared to those with earlier fibrosis stages or no fibrosis group. No significant correlation between the reactivities of SNA and AAL lectins was established irrespective of HCV genotype. The patients infected with HCV 3a genotype showed an increased E2-Ab fucosylation, a lower E2-SNA/E2-AAL ratio and a better response to virotherapy. The association of the E2-SNA/E2-AAL ratio with virotherapy outcome was observed in patients infected with HCV 1b genotype. A better response to IF-RBV therapy was found in patients with a higher fucosylated E2 Abs and a lower E2-SNA/E2-AAL ratio. Thus the significance of E2 antibodies in the course of HCV hepatitis was demonstrated to be dependent on their glycosylation, the sialylation/fucosylation ratio, as well as on HCV genotype.","PeriodicalId":269194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hepatitis Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132721278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sialylation of HCV E2 Glycoprotein-Specific and Natural Anti-Glycan (TF, αGal) Antibodies as Signatures of Liver Damage","authors":"O. Kurtenkov, J. Jakovleva, B. Sergejev, J. Geller","doi":"10.26420/jhepatres.2021.1043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jhepatres.2021.1043","url":null,"abstract":"The E2 glycoprotein is the target of broadly neutralizing antibodies against Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). There is evidence that the HCV E2-specific antibody glycosylation profile is associated with hepatic fibrosis progression. The main aim of this study was to compare the sialylation of E2-specific and naturally occurring antiglycan Abs to determine whether their combination could be beneficial for the non-invasive evaluation of hepatic damage. Fifty-eight patients with various stages of hepatic fibrosis or without were tested. The sialylation of HCV E2 glycoprotein-specific antibodies (E2-Abs), the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen- and αGal glycotope-specific antibodies (TF-Abs, αGal-Abs) was analysed using the ELISA platform. The level of IgG Abs and their reactivity to Sialospecific Sambucus Nigra Lectin (SNA) were determined and changes in Abs sialylation were analysed based on the stage of liver fibrosis, HCV genotype and antiviral therapy efficacy. The late stage of liver Fibrosis (F4) was characterized by dramatically decreased E2-Ab SNA reactivity unlike stages with no fibrosis (P=0.003) and stages F1–F3 (P=0.0007). In contrast, antiglycan Abs showed an increased sialylation. In multiple regression analysis, the combination of E2 and TF-Abs sialylation patterns gave a significant advantage in assessing liver damage. A high rate of discrimination between F0 and F4 stages of fibrosis as well as between F1–F3 and F4 was obtained (ACC=0.948 and ACC=0.90, respectively). Thus, the combined analysis of disease-specific and natural Abs sialylation can remarkably enhance the clinical value of the approach in the non-invasive evaluation of hepatic damage.","PeriodicalId":269194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hepatitis Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116317861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Hepatitis B among Informal Caregivers at Ndola Teaching Hospital","authors":"Killard Sc","doi":"10.26420/jhepatres.2021.1042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jhepatres.2021.1042","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hepatitis B is a highly contagious infection. It is 50 to 100 times more infectious than HIV. It is the world’s most common liver infection, which is caused by a DNA-virus, the hepatitis B virus and is transmitted between people through blood, semen, vaginal fluids and mucous membranes. Basic knowledge about hepatitis B is necessary; with more knowledge people take preventive actions against hepatitis B, such as using stick proof cannulas. The general objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of HBV infection among informal caregivers at Ndola Teaching Hospital, Ndola, Zambia. Method: A Cross sectional study was carried out at Ndola Teaching Hospital from June 2020 to September 2020. Systematic random sampling was used using questionnaire based interviews to consenting informal caregivers above the age of 18 years who were waiting for their patients in Gynecological ward, surgical wards and internal medicine wards. Results: A total number of 165 informal caregivers at Ndola Teaching Hospital were interviewed using a pretested questionnaire. The highest age group (44.2%) interviewed was between 25 to 34 years of age. The majority of informal caregivers (52.1%) went up to secondary education level and 63.0% of the informal caregivers were females. Most informal caregivers (53.3%) only had an average knowledge about hepatitis B infection. Informal caregiver’s education level was directly associated with the level of knowledge about Hepatitis B (p-value<0.001). Majority (87.3%) of the informal caregivers had good attitude towards hepatitis B. There was a direct association (p value <0.001) between informal caregiver’s knowledge on hepatitis B with their attitude. All the informal caregivers (100%) had bad practices on Hepatitis B and majority of the respondents 159 (96.4%) were not vaccinated only 6 (3.6%) were vaccinated against HBV. Conclusion: Hepatitis B is a major health problem globally casting an enormous burden on the health-care system a major source of patient’s misery. This illness or disease is preventable. In this study, the majority of the participants had good attitudes making knowledge as the main determinant of their practices. Therefore, primary prevention approach be taken by extensively and frequently teaching all informal care givers in all hospitals and clinics on how to protect themselves from the disease. Pictorial Posters depicting the proper way of handling patients by informal caregivers be displayed in health centers (wards and OPDs).","PeriodicalId":269194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hepatitis Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127118236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Prison Inmates in Borno State: Determination of Prevalence of Surface Antigen (HBsAg) and Possible Risk Factors of Disease","authors":"S. Lawan, Elyuguda Ad, Gimba Sn, H. Sabo, Dadile Hm, Nigeria Midwifery Damaturu","doi":"10.26420/jhepatres.2021.1041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jhepatres.2021.1041","url":null,"abstract":"An epidemiological study on hepatitis B virus infection among prison inmates in Borno state, Nigeria, was carried out using a questionnaire survey to determine the possible risk factors of the disease and serological method [using an Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)] to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among the inmates. The study was conducted in correctional facilities in Maiduguri, Biu and Bama local government area of Borno State. Out of a total of 300 sera tested, 49 (16.3%) had detectable ELISA antibody to HBsAg. A significant difference (p<0.001) in seroprevalence of HBsAg among inmates of different educational qualifications was observed and those with higher education had the highest prevalence (20.9%). Although there was no significant difference in prevalence of HBsAg among the different age groups, the age group 60-69 years had the highest infection rate (33.3%). Homosexuality and duration of stay in prison are shown to be significantly associated with HBsAg infection (P<0.05) among inmates. A significant gender difference was noted among inmates with the males (16.1%) having higher prevalence when compared with females (20.0%). Analysis of spatial distribution of prevalence of HBsAg showed that Maiduguri prison had (20.5%), followed by Biu prison (12.7%) and Bama prison (6.7%) and there was significant difference (P<0.05) in prevalence between prisons. There was no significant (P>0.05) association of prevalence of HBsAg with marital status or occupation of prison inmates. In conclusion, hepatitis b virus infection was found to be prevalent among prison inmates in Borno state with homosexuality and duration of stay in prison as risk factors.","PeriodicalId":269194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hepatitis Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131573130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}