{"title":"Simulation","authors":"G. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1201/9780429197963-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429197963-16","url":null,"abstract":"The numerical investigation of tsunami evacuation is becoming a major way to assess the potential evacuation risks and consider countermeasures, but it has been mostly limited to GIS-based static analysis or macroscopic agent-based modelling due to the costs of large-scale simulations. In this paper, we propose a simplified force-based evacuation simulation model and an easy-to-implement parallelization strategy for a large-scale microscopic tsunami evacuation simulation and demonstrate its applications in an actual urban environment. First, the simulation performance was verified and validated against experimental and observational results regarding basic pedestrian movement. The test results qualitatively and quantitatively showed good agreement with real pedestrian movements. The model was then applied to a case of tsunami evacuations in Kesennuma City, where the 2011 Tohoku tsunami caused devastating damage. The model was successfully scaled up to provide urban-scale characterization. In this application, the developed simulator was implemented by a hybrid MPI/OpenMP parallelized computing technique. By utilizing the proposed model with parallel computing, we achieved an urban-scale microscopic evacuation simulation five times faster than real-time and a stochastic simulation to","PeriodicalId":268427,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Time Series Modeling","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125472211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Statistical Modeling","authors":"G. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1201/9780429197963-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429197963-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268427,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Time Series Modeling","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129200327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Particle Filter","authors":"G. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1201/9780429197963-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429197963-15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268427,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Time Series Modeling","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132424279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time-Varying Coefficient AR Model","authors":"G. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1201/9781584889229-C13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781584889229-C13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268427,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Time Series Modeling","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131904139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-Gaussian State-Space Model","authors":"G. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1201/9781584889229-C14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781584889229-C14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268427,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Time Series Modeling","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121549532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Seasonal Adjustment Model","authors":"G. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1201/9781584889229-C12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781584889229-C12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268427,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Time Series Modeling","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115911238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction and Preparatory Analysis","authors":"G. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1201/9781584889229-C1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781584889229-C1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268427,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Time Series Modeling","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116603530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation of an AR Model","authors":"G. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1201/9781584889229-C7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781584889229-C7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268427,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Time Series Modeling","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128341712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation of the ARMA Model","authors":"G. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1201/9781584889229-c10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781584889229-c10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268427,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Time Series Modeling","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121756019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Power Spectrum and the Periodogram","authors":"G. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1201/9781584889229-C3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781584889229-C3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268427,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Time Series Modeling","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122040527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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