{"title":"Performance Comparison of Simple Reflex Agents Using Stigmergy with Model-Based Agents in Self-Organizing Transportation","authors":"Sebastian Schmid, Daniel Schraudner, A. Harth","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00071","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-agent systems utilizing simple reflex agents are assumed to have a significant competitive disadvantage when compared to more sophisticated agent-based approaches. However, in terms of resilience and adaptivity, this simple design turns out be an advantage when used together with stigmergy. In this paper we show that simple reflex agents that use stigmergy, are fit and flexible enough to outperform rivaling model-based agents in a disturbed transportation setting that simulates a dynamic, real-world industrial shop floor, and have a performance closer to a centralized, monolithic approach which we compare to as gold standard. This leads to opportunities for simpler, but nevertheless more robust agent design for self-organizing, decentralized multiagent approaches just by sharing knowledge of the world and exploiting their environment.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125296979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An anytime algorithm for dynamic multi-agent task allocation problems","authors":"Qinyuan Li, Minyi Li, Bao Quoc Vo, R. Kowalczyk","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00065","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the dynamic multi-agent task allocation problem in an open and dynamic environment. Some existing works on task allocation have not been able to cater for the extra needs of scalability and robustness in large scale complex systems. Furthermore, some algorithms highly rely on the agents' organisation structure. We proposes a novel algorithm based on the notions of potential contributions, values and utilities of the individual agents and the system. A game structure is constructed to model the task allocation problem, based on which a novel algorithm POT is then proposed to search for a Nash equilibrium solution that maximises the system's potential utility. We carry out comprehensive empirical studies to demonstrate that POT achieves a higher system utility compared with the state-of-the-art GreedyNE algorithm.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124889306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph Hirsch, Martin Neumayer, Hella Ponsar, Oliver Kosak, W. Reif
{"title":"Distributed Constraint Optimization for Task Allocation in Self-Adaptive Manufacturing Systems","authors":"Joseph Hirsch, Martin Neumayer, Hella Ponsar, Oliver Kosak, W. Reif","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00034","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive manufacturing systems consist of many autonomous agents working together in an ever-changing environment. Therefore, collectively deciding which agent performs what task is a key issue and widely studied. However, many approaches towards this issue assume (partially) centralized control, require implementing proprietary algorithms, or cannot provide any guarantees regarding their runtime or communication overhead. To address these problems, we investigate the use of distributed constraint optimization (DCOP) in this context: We present a DCOP model built on freely available algorithms to distribute the problem among the agents that cooperate to solve it. Furthermore, we compare this decentralized approach to a centralized one by measuring the runtime in a set of system configurations with an increasing number of agents. While the DCOP approach works well in small system configurations, our results indicate poor scalability compared to the central approach when increasing the number of agents. We conclude that, although the DCOP approach has desirable properties, it is unsuitable for larger practical applications with dozens or hundreds of agents.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121019266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danny Weyns, T. Bures, R. Calinescu, Barnaby Craggs, J. Fitzgerald, D. Garlan, B. Nuseibeh, L. Pasquale, A. Rashid, I. Ruchkin, B. Schmerl
{"title":"Six Software Engineering Principles for Smarter Cyber-Physical Systems","authors":"Danny Weyns, T. Bures, R. Calinescu, Barnaby Craggs, J. Fitzgerald, D. Garlan, B. Nuseibeh, L. Pasquale, A. Rashid, I. Ruchkin, B. Schmerl","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00058","url":null,"abstract":"Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) integrate computational and physical components. With the digitisation of society and industry and the progressing integration of systems, CPS need to become “smarter” in the sense that they can adapt and learn to handle new and unexpected conditions, and improve over time. Smarter CPS present a combination of challenges that existing engineering methods have difficulties addressing: intertwined digital, physical and social spaces, need for heterogeneous modelling formalisms, demand for context-tied cooperation to achieve system goals, widespread uncertainty and disruptions in changing contexts, inherent human constituents, and continuous encounter with new situations. While approaches have been put forward to deal with some of these challenges, a coherent perspective on engineering smarter CPS is lacking. In this paper, we present six engineering principles for addressing the challenges of smarter CPS. As smarter CPS are software-intensive systems, we approach them from a software engineering perspective with the angle of self-adaptation that offers an effective approach to deal with run-time change. The six principles create an integrated landscape for the engineering and operation of smarter CPS.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131401375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roberto Casadei, Andrea Placuzzi, Mirko Viroli, Danny Weyns
{"title":"Augmented Collective Digital Twins for Self-Organising Cyber-Physical Systems","authors":"Roberto Casadei, Andrea Placuzzi, Mirko Viroli, Danny Weyns","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00051","url":null,"abstract":"Context. Self-organising and collective computing approaches are increasingly applied to large-scale cyber-physical systems (CPS), enabling them to adapt and cooperate in dynamic environments. Also, in CPS engineering, digital twins are often leveraged to provide synchronised logical counterparts of physical entities, whereas in sensor networks the different-but-related concept of virtual device is used e.g. to abstract groups of sensors. Vision. We envision the design concept of “augmented collective digital twin” that captures digital twins at a collective level extended with purely virtual devices. We argue that this concept can foster the engineering of self-organising CPS by providing a holistic, declarative, and integrated system view. Method. From a review and proposed taxonomy of logical devices comprehending both digital twins and virtual devices, we reinterpret a meta-model for self-organising CPSs and discuss how it can support augmented collective digital twins. We illustrate the approach in a crowd-aware navigation scenario, where virtual devices are opportunistically integrated into the system to enhance spatial coverage, improving navigation capabilities. Conclusion. By integrating physical and virtual devices, the novel notion of augmented collective digital twin paves the way to self-improving system functionality and intelligent use of resources in self-organising CPSs. Conclusion. By integrating physical and virtual devices, the novel notion of augmented collective digital twin paves the way to self-improving system functionality and intelligent use of resources in self-organising CPSs.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"26 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122585877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Novel Technique for Mapping Jammed Areas in Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs)","authors":"Md. Shahzad Alam, Abiral Acharya, Jared Oluoch","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00044","url":null,"abstract":"It is envisioned that in future, Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV s) will be linked through Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) to enable real-time sharing of traffic information known as beacons. Due to their ephemeral and high mobility nature, VANETs are prone to jamming attacks. In this paper, we propose a solution that combines Centroid Localization (CL) and Graham Scan's Hull algorithms to detect an attacker and map the jammed area in a VANET environment. Specifically, 1) we present a universal information collection mechanism for individual vehicles in the network regardless of their proximity to the RoadSide Units (RSUs); 2) we use associative law of set theory to accumulate vehicle subgroups and obtain a complete information of the network; and 3) we present different jamming attack scenarios with varying radii and x,y coordinates. Simulation results with IEEE 802.11p demonstrate that on average, our proposed technique achieves an average of 98.5% accuracy, 89.4% average precision-recall (APR), and 93.9% area under curve (AUC) receiver operating characteristics (ROC) score.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"1 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116676275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bayesian Optimization-Based Analysis and Planning Approach for Self-Adaptive Cyber-Physical Systems","authors":"A. Petrovska, Julianne Weick","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00077","url":null,"abstract":"Modern cyber-physical systems (CPSs) operate in dynamic and uncertain environments or operational contexts. Therefore, it is necessary to design systems that self-adapt according to context changes at run-time. However, making a decision on the optimal adaptation in a changing and uncertain context is a complex task. This paper proposes a modular approach for analysis and planning, which generates the optimal system adaptations based on individual sub-decisions. Each sub-decision corresponds to a model @ RT that deals with specific aspects of the context relevant for the concrete adaptation. As a proof-of-concept, we introduce a multi-robot use case to show the possible performance gains of the suggested approach compared with non-adaptive analysis and planning.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116276815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"5th Workshop on Self-Aware Computing (SeAC 2021) [Organizing Committee and Program Committee]","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/acsos-c52956.2021.00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acsos-c52956.2021.00015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125259062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of Configuration Stability and Variability in Collections of Self-Adaptive Systems","authors":"Sven Tomforde, Martin Goller","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00038","url":null,"abstract":"Self-adaptive and self-organising (SASO) systems are typically composed of several (semi-)autonomous subsystems that alter their configuration and the system's structure in response to environmental and internal observations. The overall goal of these changes is mainly two-fold: improving the expected performance or goal achievement and providing increased robustness against disturbances and unforeseen events. In order to establish self-awareness of overall system behaviour as a basis for guided control intervention, we investigate measures to quantify and assess system properties. This paper introduces a novel approach to determine a degree of configuration variability and stability based on external, system-wide observation of configuration variables of the distributed subsystems. We analyse the behaviour of our metrics in two different scenarios and outline the possible advantages of the applicability.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131316134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristina Dingel, A. Liehr, M. Vogel, S. Degener, David Meier, Thoralf Niendorf, Arno Ehresmann, B. Sick
{"title":"AI - Based On The Fly Design of Experiments in Physics and Engineering","authors":"Kristina Dingel, A. Liehr, M. Vogel, S. Degener, David Meier, Thoralf Niendorf, Arno Ehresmann, B. Sick","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00048","url":null,"abstract":"When designing scientific experiments, the focus is mostly on data acquisition rather than on online analysis of data. However, immediate analysis enables active control or instant redesign of the experiment. In this article, we elaborate on the opportunities of creating self-improving experimental designs following the Self-Improving System Integration (SISSY) concept. Here, we propose several research questions and assess their importance by focusing on one use case concentrating on SISSY systems in general as well as two specific use cases taken from physics and materials engineering, respectively.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116582592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}