Douglas A. Walcher, Kai-Fong Lee, R. Q. Lee, Michael Cauley, Liz McQuaid
{"title":"Microstrip patch antenna receiving array operating in the Ku band","authors":"Douglas A. Walcher, Kai-Fong Lee, R. Q. Lee, Michael Cauley, Liz McQuaid","doi":"10.1109/aps.1996.549976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aps.1996.549976","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design and results of a microstrip patch antenna receiving array operating in the Ku band. The most obvious application in the Ku band is reception of wide band television images. However, other applications include reception of narrow band data channels and voice channels (telephone and radio). Most of these applications are confined to the band 11.7 GHz to 12.7 GHz. An attempt to improve the gain of the array by introducing parasitic patches on top of the active array are also presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":267643,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1996 Digest","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123014902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple beam lens antenna for LEO communication satellite","authors":"K.K. Chan, B. Wallace","doi":"10.1109/APS.1996.549925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1996.549925","url":null,"abstract":"The design of a multiple beam antenna system for a low earth orbiting (LEO) cellular communication satellite is a topic of current interest. A typical uplink requirement is to provide a number of closely overlapping beams to illuminate Earth-fixed super cells at Ka band. These cells span a field of view of approximately /spl plusmn/40/spl deg/ degrees in elevation and azimuth. Their beamwidths vary with position, going from a 6.3 degrees circular beam at the centre of earth coverage to an elliptical beam of 4.5/spl times/3.2 degrees at the edge of coverage. Further, the sidelobes should be less than -30 dB two beamwidths away and below -35 dB four beamwidths away to minimise interference between beams. A design procedure is outlined that will lead to an antenna with these specifications.","PeriodicalId":267643,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1996 Digest","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121090700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical optics for the scattering analysis of dipole waves from strips on a grounded dielectric slab","authors":"M. Ando, Shuguang Chen, Y. Sato, M. Oodo","doi":"10.1109/APS.1996.549870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1996.549870","url":null,"abstract":"This paper checks the accuracy of physical optics (PO) as applied to the scattering of dipole waves by a finite size surface which is composed of strips on a grounded dielectric slab. By using the closed form expressions of reflected waves from the surface, the PO calculation can be conducted straightforwardly. Since the reflection coefficients are obtained for a local plain wave and an infinite slab, considerable errors are expected for the dipole and the rapid curvature of the strip patterns. It is pointed out that for the straight patterns of strips, PO is applicable for the dipoles in at a distance of more than 0.5 wavelength from the surface. For the portion of the surface where the incident electric fields are perpendicular to the strips, larger errors are observed. The reason for this may be the excitation of surface waves. The accuracy of the PO is evaluated by comparing the calculation and measurement of the radiation patterns of a half-wavelength dipole antenna vertically mounted above the circular disk of strips loaded with a grounded dielectric slab as a reflector.","PeriodicalId":267643,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1996 Digest","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121129826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of ground plane for improved GPS antenna performance","authors":"T. Milligan, P. K. Kelly","doi":"10.1109/APS.1996.549823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1996.549823","url":null,"abstract":"A method has been identified for broadening the pattern of patch antennas. The intended application is for Global Positioning Satellite, GPS, signal reception; therefore, a very broad circularly polarized pattern is required. The patch antenna was chosen for its simplicity in design as well as its low weight. However, the patch antenna performance is strongly coupled to the structure on which it is mounted. Measured and predicted results (of the antenna (designed for 1227 and 1575 MHz) are shown which establish the performance of the patch on different size ground planes. From this information a new ground plane is constructed to improve the pattern performance.","PeriodicalId":267643,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1996 Digest","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125811157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLDM) for complex objects","authors":"J.M. Song, C. Lu, W. Chew","doi":"10.1109/APS.1996.549936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1996.549936","url":null,"abstract":"The fast multipole method (FMM) and multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) have been applied for solving integral equations of electromagnetic scattering iteratively. FMM reduces the complexity of a matrix-vector multiply from O(N/sup 2/) to O(N","PeriodicalId":267643,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1996 Digest","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125433916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On smart base-station antennas for mobile communications","authors":"T. Vu, G. Jonas","doi":"10.1109/APS.1996.549694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1996.549694","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional base-station sector antennas for mobile communications are relatively inexpensive, but do not give an effective protection against interference. An alternative approach is to use directional adaptive phased arrays, which could additionally provide an increased protection against multipath fading and an ability to match antenna radiation to local conditions. For a narrow-band mobile system, we believe that a DSP-based phased array would provide a great deal of flexibility. As the signal from each element of the array is down converted to a low IF frequency and digitised before being processed, the phased array may be treated as a bank of digital spatial filters, each of which will pass signals coming from a given direction. The principle is fairly simple, because even though the signal received from each element of the array may contain information from many sources coming from many different directions, this signal may be stored in a common memory, and then read out for subsequent processing by all the 'filters' of the bank. This paper discusses a concept-demonstration model which we have built and tested. The experimental model was designed for the 'uplink', with the base-station antenna receiving a speech-modulated carrier transmitted by a moving terminal. For this purpose, the array is analysed in its receive mode, and the output of this digital spatial filter in response to a desired source in the presence of a set of interference is described.","PeriodicalId":267643,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1996 Digest","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114900638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aircraft radar imaging with partially coherent signal","authors":"A. Pasmurov, V. P. Likhachev","doi":"10.1109/APS.1996.550043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1996.550043","url":null,"abstract":"Radar images of aircraft allow us to estimate the forms and dimensions of aircraft. The scattering properties may be used for aircraft recognition. It is reasonable to form these images using inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR). This method of radar aperture inverse synthesis consists of two main stages: microwave hologram registration and image reconstruction. The case of an aircraft moving at constant speed is discussed.","PeriodicalId":267643,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1996 Digest","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122582963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FDTD computation of power deposition in the head for cellular telephones","authors":"C. Furse, G. Lazzi, O. Gandhi","doi":"10.1109/APS.1996.549951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1996.549951","url":null,"abstract":"The finite-difference time-domain method is used to calculate radiation pattern and specific absorption rate (SAR) in the human head due to cellular telephones. For realistic simulation of the ordinary positions of holding the phone, the ear of the model is pressed against the head, the head is tilted at an appropriate angle, and the hand is approximately represented. Cellular phones at frequencies of 835 and 1900 MHz are simulated with monopole above handsets with antenna lengths of /spl lambda//4 and 3 /spl lambda//8. The time-averaged radiated power of 600 mW is used for the 835 MHz test cases, and 125 mW is used for 1900 MHz. The importance of detailed modeling of the tissues is examined by comparing heterogeneous and homogeneous models, and the effect of realistically tilting the phone against the head is also examined. A novel method to truncate the head model to save computer memory is presented.","PeriodicalId":267643,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1996 Digest","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114387053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Carrie, K. Esselle, D. Roscoe, A. Ittipiboon, A. Sebak, L. Shafai
{"title":"A K-band circularly polarized cavity backed dielectric resonator","authors":"J. Carrie, K. Esselle, D. Roscoe, A. Ittipiboon, A. Sebak, L. Shafai","doi":"10.1109/APS.1996.549700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1996.549700","url":null,"abstract":"A high efficiency linear polarized antenna consisting of a patch fed cavity has already been developed for use in personal communication terminals. It possesses several desirable features for active array applications, particularly the ease of RF component integration and heat removal. As part of the continued development of this antenna, it is very desirable to extend the capabilities to include future circularly polarized (CP) applications. The logical step for achieving the CP performance is to replace the linearly polarized feed patch with a single point feed CP patch. A single point feed is preferred in order to maintain the simplicity of the feed network. This approach, however, has a major drawback of possessing a narrow axial ratio bandwidth. To improve the axial ratio bandwidth, an alternative CP feed antenna is required. Research in circularly polarized dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) has shown that a wide axial ratio bandwidth can be achieved from a single point fed DRA. The performance of the dielectric cross within a cavity structure is investigated. The optimization of the geometry and the effects on overall operation are discussed.","PeriodicalId":267643,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1996 Digest","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116824056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antenna gain measurements using improved radio star flux density expressions","authors":"E. Ekelman, C. Abler","doi":"10.1109/APS.1996.549568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1996.549568","url":null,"abstract":"Radio stars have been used to measure the gain of large antennas for many years. The straightforward expressions required, and the simple, direct measurements involved have made this method the most accurate available for this class of antennas. Radio astronomers provided the bases for the technique by measuring the flux density of various celestial sources having strong radio emission at frequencies from 100 MHz to 100 GHz. Many papers have documented measurements which have lead to refinements and improvements in the flux density expressions, as well as other contributing factors such as angular extent corrections and polarization effects. The existing equations extracted from current literature are presented, along with data to support new and improved flux density expressions that provide more accurate results. A solution is presented to discrepancies found when radio sources are used to measure antenna gain. Flux density expressions for radio sources Cassiopeia A (Cas A), Taurus A (Tau A), and Cygnus A (Cyg A) were examined in published data. Using Cas A as a reference, the flux expressions for Tau A and Cyg A were adjusted to eliminate the characteristically lower-than-expected results obtained when these two radio sources are used to measure antenna gain. With these new, improved expressions, Cas A, Tau A, and Cyg A give similar gain results, to within an observable average of /spl plusmn/0.04 dB, for both C-band and Ku-band antennas.","PeriodicalId":267643,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1996 Digest","volume":"128 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128390277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}