Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology最新文献_第2页

Great Egret Preference for Catfish Size Classes 大白鹭对鲶鱼大小的偏好

Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology Pub Date : 2001-12-01 DOI: 10.2307/1522068

Scott J. Werner, M. Tobin, Paul B. Fioranelli

{"title":"Great Egret Preference for Catfish Size Classes","authors":"Scott J. Werner, M. Tobin, Paul B. Fioranelli","doi":"10.2307/1522068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1522068","url":null,"abstract":"-Several species of fish-eating birds are commonly observed near aquaculture facilities in the southern United States. An understanding of the relationships between these birds and specific commodities is needed to interpret and manage bird impacts to aquacultural production. We conducted two foraging experiments to evaluate the preference of Great Egrets (Ardea alba) for three specific size classes of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). During six no-choice feeding trials, egrets consumed significantly more small (7.5-10 cm) fingerlings than medium (1518 cm) or large (23-25 cm) catfish. Egrets captured 19 large catfish, and ingested only two, even when no other fish were available. During two-choice trials, Great Egrets significantly preferred small fingerlings to medium-sized fish, and medium-sized catfish to large fish. Handling time was directly related to the size of catfish ingested. Handling time was inversely related to the number of catfish ingested from each size class, particularly when Great Egrets were given a choice between two catfish size classes. Thus, we infer that the ease of capture and physical defenses (e.g., catfish spines) associated with particular foods affect Great Egret foraging preferences. Management of Great Egret impacts to aquacultural production should focus on dispersing egrets from ponds containing small (<18 cm) Channel Catfish, rather than generalized dispersal at all ponds on all farms. Received 1 October 2000, accepted 18 April 2001.","PeriodicalId":266321,"journal":{"name":"Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129467028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Nocturnal Flight Behavior of Waterbirds in Close Proximity to a Transmission Powerline in the Florida Everglades 靠近佛罗里达大沼泽地输电线的水鸟夜间飞行行为

Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology Pub Date : 2001-12-01 DOI: 10.2307/1522074

Jie Deng, P. Frederick

{"title":"Nocturnal Flight Behavior of Waterbirds in Close Proximity to a Transmission Powerline in the Florida Everglades","authors":"Jie Deng, P. Frederick","doi":"10.2307/1522074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1522074","url":null,"abstract":"-Many birds move at night, and although there is strong potential for collisions with stationary structures, the behavior of birds in response to such structures is poorly understood. We studied the nocturnal interactions of waterbirds with a 550v transmission powerline in the flat, open landscape of the Florida Everglades using a combination of surveillance radar to detect incoming birds, and night vision optical equipment to observe flight behavior. During 118 hours of observation we recorded a total of 285 flocks of ciconiiform birds crossing the powerline during spring 1997. We visually observed 663 birds in 187 flocks, and documented their response to the powerline. We found that the flight directions and the colony site locality strongly suggested regular nocturnal foraging behavior of some species, especially Black-crowned Night Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) and Wood Storks (Mycteria americana). Birds flying at night were less likely to react to the powerline, suggesting that powerlines may pose more of a collision threat during darkness. However, we also found that waterbirds flew higher at night than during the day and thus came into a zone of potential contact with the powerline much less often than during the day. Received 8 April 2001, accepted 3July 2001.","PeriodicalId":266321,"journal":{"name":"Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131259664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Reliability of Aerial Photography for Detecting Population Trends in Gulls 航空摄影检测海鸥种群趋势的可靠性

Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology Pub Date : 2001-12-01 DOI: 10.2307/1522083

I. Nisbet

引用次数: 2

Monitoring Nesting Seabirds: Reply to a Commentary by Ian C. T. Nisbet 监测筑巢海鸟:对伊恩·c·t·尼斯贝特评论的回复

Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology Pub Date : 2001-12-01 DOI: 10.2307/1522084

Catherine M. Johnson, W. Krohn

引用次数: 0

Comparing Ecological Functions of Natural and Created Wetlands for Shorebirds in Texas 德克萨斯州天然湿地与人工湿地对滨鸟生态功能的比较

Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology Pub Date : 2001-12-01 DOI: 10.2307/1522067

Elizabeth D. Brusati, P. Dubowy, T. Lacher

引用次数: 32

Individual Diving Behavior, Food Availability and Chick Growth Rates in Chinstrap Penguins 帽带企鹅的个体潜水行为、食物供应和雏鸟生长率

Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology Pub Date : 2001-12-01 DOI: 10.2307/1522079

Y. Mori

引用次数: 2

An Analysis of Possible Genotoxic Exposure in Adult and Juvenile Royal Terns in North Carolina, USA 美国北卡罗莱纳州成年和幼年皇家燕鸥可能的遗传毒性暴露分析

Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology Pub Date : 2001-12-01 DOI: 10.2307/1522065

T. Maness, S. Emslie

{"title":"An Analysis of Possible Genotoxic Exposure in Adult and Juvenile Royal Terns in North Carolina, USA","authors":"T. Maness, S. Emslie","doi":"10.2307/1522065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1522065","url":null,"abstract":"-We studied possible genotoxic exposure in Royal Terns (Sterna maxima) by collecting blood from adults and juveniles at five breeding colonies in coastal North Carolina in 1999. These colonies are located in three estuarine systems (Core Sound, Pamlico Sound, and Cape Fear River), each subjected to different contaminant loads. DNA in red blood cells was analyzed using the comet assay to determine levels of DNA strand breaks, a technique previously not applied to birds. In addition, we weighed each bird and estimated its fat reserves as an indication of nutritional health. Gross health assessments showed no significant differences between study sites, both for adult and juvenile terns. The comet assay indicated that blood cells from the adult andjuvenile terns from two Core Sound colonies, Wainwright and Sand Bag Islands, had significantly higher levels of apparent DNA damage than the remaining study sites. Based on previously published studies of sediment contaminants, the Core Sound colonies have relatively low overall pollutant loads, a finding contrary to the expected result based on the DNA damage. Plausible explanations for these finding are that birds from the Core Sound are exposed to an undetected genotoxic contaminant(s) or that birds from the more polluted sites have had an adaptive response to the contaminant exposure. Received 30 October 2000, accepted 25 March 2001.","PeriodicalId":266321,"journal":{"name":"Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134232505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Food and Feeding Biology of the Black Skimmer in Argentina: Evidence Supporting Offshore Feeding in Nonbreeding Areas 阿根廷黑撇鱼的食物和摄食生物学:支持非繁殖区近海摄食的证据

Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology Pub Date : 2001-12-01 DOI: 10.2307/1522073

M. Favero, R. Mariano-Jelicich, M. P. Silva, M. Bó, C. García-Mata

{"title":"Food and Feeding Biology of the Black Skimmer in Argentina: Evidence Supporting Offshore Feeding in Nonbreeding Areas","authors":"M. Favero, R. Mariano-Jelicich, M. P. Silva, M. Bó, C. García-Mata","doi":"10.2307/1522073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1522073","url":null,"abstract":"-We investigated the diet of the Black Skimmer (Rynchops niger) in three consecutive years (autumn 1998, autumn 1999 and summer 2000) by analyzing 642 pellets collected at Punta Rasa, Samborombon Bay, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fish was the main prey in the diet (occurrence = 100%), while insects were present in only 2.7% of samples. Among the 14 fish species identified, Argentine Anchovies (Engraulis anchoita) (occurrence = 38.7%, N = 31.5%), Silversides (Odontesthes spp.) (occurrence = 38.3%, N = 26.2%) and White Croakers (Micropogoniasfurnieri) (occurrence = 11.6%, N = 20.5%) were the most important prey. Fish prey averaged 77 mm in length (?34 mm, range 15-169 mm, N = 123), and had an average mass of 6.9 g (?7.3 g, range 0.1-31.6 g, N = 123). Marked differences were observed in the frequency of occurrence and numeric importance of the fish prey species found in the three sampling seasons; while typical marine fishes, such as the Argentine Anchovy, constituted the bulk of the diet during 1998, estuarine juvenile fish prevailed in 1999 and 2000. The comparison of size and mass of prey between seasons also revealed large differences. Fishes caught in 1998 were significantly larger and heavier than those caught in other seasons. The diet of skimmers overlapped with that of South American Terns (Sterna hirundinacea), Royal Terns (S. maximus) and Sandwich Terns (S. sandvicensis) in the area during 1998, when prey was mostly marine fish. Received 17 April 2001, accepted 25June 2001.","PeriodicalId":266321,"journal":{"name":"Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132348057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

A Study of Neotropic Cormorants in Central Chile: Possible Effects of El Nino 智利中部新向性鸬鹚的研究:厄尔尼诺可能的影响

Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology Pub Date : 2001-12-01 DOI: 10.2307/1522064

E. Kalmbach, S. Ramsay, H. Wendeln, P. Becker

{"title":"A Study of Neotropic Cormorants in Central Chile: Possible Effects of El Nino","authors":"E. Kalmbach, S. Ramsay, H. Wendeln, P. Becker","doi":"10.2307/1522064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1522064","url":null,"abstract":"-In 1997, one of the strongest recorded El Niiio-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events occurred in the eastern Pacific. It caused strong oceanic and climatic anomalies, such as high sea surface temperatures (SST) and heavy rainfall along the eastern Pacific coast. We investigated the effects of this event on the reproductive ecology of the Neotropic Cormorant (Phalacrocorax brasilianus) in central Chile (36037'S; 73'03'W) by comparing the preEl Nifio season in 1996 with the 1997 El Nifio year. Fish landings immediately prior to the 1997 breeding season were notably lower and rainfall increased. In 1997, the number of breeding pairs declined by 71% from the previous year. During El Nifio, laying started 15 days later, was less synchronized and ended 35 days later. Although egg size, clutch size and hatching success did not differ significantly between the two years, the decrease in the breeding numbers in 1997 would have caused a considerable drop in offspring production. We suggest that poor environmental conditions may have caused young or poor quality birds to miss breeding in the El Nifio year. Since it appears that large El Nifio events are becoming more frequent, it is important to undertake more research into the ability and mechanisms of seabirds to cope with them. Received 12 February 2001, accepted 26June 2001.","PeriodicalId":266321,"journal":{"name":"Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116827782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Frequent shallow diving by a Northern Fulmar feeding at Shetland 在设得兰群岛觅食的北方狐马经常浅水潜水

Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology Pub Date : 2001-08-01 DOI: 10.2307/1522045

S. Garthe, R. Furness

引用次数: 23