{"title":"Compositional Schedulability Analysis of Hierarchical Real-Time Systems","authors":"A. Easwaran, Insup Lee, I. Shin, O. Sokolsky","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2007.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2007.25","url":null,"abstract":"Embedded systems are complex as a whole but consist of smaller independent modules interacting with each other. This structure makes them amenable to compositional design. Real-time embedded systems consist of realtime workloads having deadlines. Compositional design of such systems can be done using real-time components arranged in a scheduling hierarchy. Each component consists of some real-time workload and a scheduling policy for the workload. To simplify schedulability analysis for such systems, analysis should be done compositionally using interfaces that abstract timing requirement of components. To facilitate analysis of dynamically changing systems, the framework should also support incremental analysis. In this paper, we overview our approach to compositional and incremental schedulability analysis of hierarchical real-time systems. We describe a compositional analysis technique that abstracts resource requirement of components using periodic resource models. To support incremental analysis and resource bandwidth minimization, we describe an extension to this interface model. Each extended interface consists of multiple periodic resource models for different periods. This allows the selection of a periodic model that can schedule the system using minimum bandwidth. We also account for context switch overhead of components in these extended interfaces. We then describe an associative composition technique for such interfaces, that supports incremental analysis","PeriodicalId":265471,"journal":{"name":"10th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'07)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114499447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jae-An Yi, S. Heu, Byuongkyu Choi, Hyun-Jun Kim, Hanseok Sue, Jung-Guk Kim
{"title":"TMO-NanoQ+: A Real-Time Kernel for Sensor Networks Supporting Time-Triggered and Message-Triggered Tasks","authors":"Jae-An Yi, S. Heu, Byuongkyu Choi, Hyun-Jun Kim, Hanseok Sue, Jung-Guk Kim","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2007.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2007.58","url":null,"abstract":"As the range of sensor network's applicability is getting extended to applications related to military operations or detecting radioactivity, characterization of timeliness-guaranteed sensor network operations is required at design stage. In this paper, a new real-time sensor network modeling scheme by using the well-known TMO model is proposed. And for this modeling scheme, a new realtime sensor network kernel; named TMO-NanoQ+; that supports executions of time-triggered and message-triggered real-time tasks, has been developed based on the ETRI 's (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea) NanoQ+ kernel. Development of the TMO-NanoQ+ has been done by modifying the existing timer interrupt module to support a FIFO-based power-aware scheduling and an EDF/LLF scheduling. And for message-triggered tasks, a distributed IPC scheme that supports logical multicast channels over RF communications has been also developed","PeriodicalId":265471,"journal":{"name":"10th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'07)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129934465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Comparative Evaluation of EJB Implementation Methods","authors":"A. Stylianou, G. Ferrari, P. Ezhilchelvan","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2007.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2007.5","url":null,"abstract":"As e-businesses are becoming ubiquitous, enhancing the performance and scalability of e-business systems has become an increasingly important topic of investigation. As Vitruvius (70-25 BC) put it succinctly 'function follows form', the ability of a system to perform well and scale easily is influenced by how the system itself is formed or implemented. A common approach to implement e-business systems is to make use of off-the-shelf enterprise middleware systems, such as a J2EE-compliant application server. Such middleware systems handle several, often complex, issues and thus simplify application development. They however allow developers the freedom not to use particular forms of support they offer and build their own mechanisms instead. This flexibility gives rise to many implementation methods. The work reported here evaluates these methods for Response Time and Throughput under various environments related to both client side (external to the system) and application execution (internal). To this end, one of the most widespread technologies used by the industry, the Enterprise Java Beans (EJB), is chosen; we have considered six commonly used implementation methods for an e-auction application and five different client-side and execution environments. The resulting study, which involves 78 experimental runs, identifies the strengths and the weaknesses of each implementation method under 13 different scenarios. It thus offers reliable guidelines for developers and valuable insights to researchers.","PeriodicalId":265471,"journal":{"name":"10th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'07)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130132914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using Multi-Agent Principles for Implementing an Organic Real-Time Middleware","authors":"M. Nickschas, U. Brinkschulte","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2007.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2007.61","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the architecture of an organic, real-time capable, service-based middleware. We show how middleware services can be treated as intelligent agents, and how we can use a multi-agent coordination mechanism for implementing the organic management, in particular self-configuration and self-optimization, in a decentralized and efficient way","PeriodicalId":265471,"journal":{"name":"10th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'07)","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114349811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Nakamoto, Shuhei Higashiyama, N. Chiba, Michio Kaneko, Yoko Furuzumi
{"title":"Toward a Generic and Secure Software Platform for Sensor Network Nodes","authors":"Y. Nakamoto, Shuhei Higashiyama, N. Chiba, Michio Kaneko, Yoko Furuzumi","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2007.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2007.59","url":null,"abstract":"Small wireless nodes in sensor networks are increasing being deployed in a wide variety of applications. In this paper, we present ActiveBeans, a generic and secure software platform in a small wireless node employing the Java technologies for data management and sensor/actuator control applications inside a building. Small wireless nodes have been deployed everywhere, and have been used to manage data for applications, perform operations using the data or control sensor/actuator attached to the node. To deal with management data items and controlled devices in a node in a uniform manner, we introduce a node description in the XML format. ActiveBeans provides a Java software platform to access the node description securely. ActiveBeans has the following features: a small Java virtual machine with small footprint management for various input and output device using the generic framework, the data management, and the fine-grained access control. To decrease the Java program size, a generator customizes and optimizes the access control module in a host machine, which is downloaded into the node with a lightweight wireless management protocol.","PeriodicalId":265471,"journal":{"name":"10th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'07)","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122955296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of Secure CAMIN Application System Based on Dependable and Secure TMO and RT-UCON","authors":"Jungin Kim, B. Thuraisingham","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2007.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2007.28","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly the need for protecting information from unauthorized access has lead to more attention in the field of information security. Access control mechanisms have been in place for the last four decades and are a powerful tool utilized to ensure security. In a real-time distributed computing environment, systems have to meet timing constraints for time sensitive applications, such as obtaining financial quotes and operating command and control systems. However, real-time distributed computing environment security is yet to be investigated. Earlier work examined a Time Triggered Message Triggered Object (TMO) scheme that provides real-time services in a distributed computing environment secured by applying a Role-Based Access Control (RBAC). In this paper we describe the application of a sophisticated Usage Control (UCON) model for a TMO and subsequently design an application that utilizes a Coordinated Anti-Missile Interceptor Network (CAMIN) system. This application is a secure CAMIN based upon a secure TMO that applies a Real Time UCON (RT-UCON) in the CAMIN environment","PeriodicalId":265471,"journal":{"name":"10th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'07)","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126143232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predictable Serialization in Java","authors":"D. Tejera, A. Alonso, M. D. Miguel","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2007.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2007.48","url":null,"abstract":"RTSJ (Real-Time Specification for Java) extends and adapts the Java technology in order to allow the development of real time systems. In RTSJ the requirements of distributed systems were not considered. The serialization in Java is an example of a basic operation that needs to be reviewed to make distributed Java fully predictable and suitable for hard-real time systems. However, the most recent works in the application of Java in distributed real-time systems do not specify how a serialization process must be used in order to obtain a deterministic behavior. This paper describes a new serialization process focused on hard real-time systems which provide full time and space predictability","PeriodicalId":265471,"journal":{"name":"10th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'07)","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116571342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Schoeberl, Hans Søndergaard, Bent Thomsen, A. Ravn
{"title":"A Profile for Safety Critical Java","authors":"Martin Schoeberl, Hans Søndergaard, Bent Thomsen, A. Ravn","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2007.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2007.9","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a new, minimal specification for real-time Java for safety critical applications. The intention is to provide a profile that supports programming of applications that can be validated against safety critical standards such as DO-178B (1992). The proposed profile is in line with the Java specification request JSR-302: Safety Critical Java Technology, which is still under discussion. In contrast to the current direction of the expert group for the JSR-302 we do not subset the rather complex Real-Time Specification for Java (RTSJ). Nevertheless, our profile can be implemented on top of an RTSJ compliant JVM","PeriodicalId":265471,"journal":{"name":"10th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'07)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114326936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LSynD: Localized Synopsis Diffusion","authors":"Andreea Berfield, Panos K. Chrysanthis, D. Mossé","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2007.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2007.41","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless sensor networks represent an extremely fast-growing emerging technology, but still suffer from several limitations. The state of the art in sensor networks focuses on optimizing the existing protocols to address the two main challenges affecting the sensors: failures and energy consumption. Our contributions in this paper include: analyzing most relevant protocols that attempt to address these two problems, presenting methods to achieve local reconstruction for a sensor network that uses multi-path routing and proposing a new protocol, called LSynD, an extension of the Tributaries and Deltas approach. LSynD achieves a faster, more localized and energy efficient reconstruction than its predecessor protocols by creating multiple adaptive multi-path routing regions","PeriodicalId":265471,"journal":{"name":"10th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'07)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131037218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Independent Model-Driven Software Performance Assessments of UML Designs","authors":"Julie A. Street, IV RobertG.Pettit, H. Gomaa","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2007.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2007.39","url":null,"abstract":"In many software development projects, performance requirements are not addressed until after the application is developed or deployed, resulting in costly changes to the software or the acquisition of expensive high-performance hardware. To remedy this, researchers have developed model-driven performance analysis techniques for assessing how well performance requirements are being satisfied early in the software lifecycle. In some cases, companies may not have the expertise to perform such analysis on their software; therefore they have an independent assessor perform the analysis. This paper describes an approach for conducting independent model-driven software performance assessments of UML 2.0 designs and illustrates this approach using a real-time signal generator as a case study","PeriodicalId":265471,"journal":{"name":"10th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'07)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133625616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}