British Journal of Infection Control最新文献_第8页

Figures show TB is on the increase 数据显示，结核病正在增加

British Journal of Infection Control Pub Date : 2007-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/14690446070080020403

引用次数: 0

Typhoid fever: a continuing problem 伤寒:一个持续的问题

British Journal of Infection Control Pub Date : 2007-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/14690446070080020501

S. Newsom

{"title":"Typhoid fever: a continuing problem","authors":"S. Newsom","doi":"10.1177/14690446070080020501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14690446070080020501","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Typhoid or enteric fever has been known for centuries – although the final stages of the illness (the typhoid state) are almost indistinguishable from those of typhus fever, another scourge of the ancient world. The Emperor Augustus who as we saw was cured by his Greek doctor (Antonius Musa) was said to have had typhoid. Queen Victoria’s husband Albert was among many notables who died of the disease. The clinical picture of epidemic typhoid was documented by Thomas Willis (better known for describing the ‘circle of Willis’ formed by cerebral blood vessels) in 1659. The worldwide incidence is estimated at six million cases, with 600,000 deaths a year – mainly in Africa and Asia. Like polio and cholera, it is a strictly human infection, and spread via the faecal-oral route. The Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC) recorded only 248 cases in England and Wales in 2006, 122 of which were imported, reflecting the value of good sanitation (recently awarded the most important advance in health since 1840 by readers of the British Medical Journal – out of 15 ‘medical milestones’). Such improvements are within living memory as my grandmother died of typhoid in 1940. My interest in the epidemiology was sparked off in 1946, when by chance we drove through Aberystwyth on the very day an outbreak started – spread by ice cream. Luckily for me, we didn’t stop. The reservoir of infection is the human carrier (a word first used by Robert Koch – typhusbazillentrgerin). Carriers may have recovered from the disease, or be entirely ‘silent’. Carriage can persist for ages. Four senior officers planning the D-Day invasion of France in 1944 who went to stay at the pub in a remote Devon village caught typhoid. The organism was of an unusual type, last seen in the Boer War 40 years earlier. Investigation revealed a veteran of that war living nearby, and sewage from his house entered an open drain that passed in front of the pub. The most famous carrier was Mary Mellon, immortalised in The ballad of Typhoid Mary (see later). Carriers can excrete large numbers of bacilli – one in Islington produced enough to be detected at the north London sewage outfall.","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133404941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Infection control and the law: legal and ethical obligations 感染控制与法律:法律和道德义务

British Journal of Infection Control Pub Date : 2007-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/14690446070080020801

J. Portsmouth

引用次数: 2

The 2007 ICNA conference: Infection Prevention: A New Era, A New Outlook 2007年国际传染病学会年会:感染预防:新时代，新展望

British Journal of Infection Control Pub Date : 2007-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/14690446070080020701

C. Kilpatrick

引用次数: 0

Call for ICNs to apply for this year's NT awards 呼吁ICNs申请今年的NT奖

British Journal of Infection Control Pub Date : 2007-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/14690446070080020402

{"title":"Call for ICNs to apply for this year's NT awards","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/14690446070080020402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14690446070080020402","url":null,"abstract":"The number of death certificates in England and Wales that mentioned Staphylococcus aureus infection has almost doubled from 2001 to 2005. Figures from the Office for National Statistics show a rise from 1,211 to 2,083 in that period. Cases where Staphylococcus aureus was specified as meticillin resistant (MRSA) rose from 61% in 2001 to 78% in 2005. In addition, the number of death certificates in England and Wales that mentioned Clostridium difficile increased from 1,214 in 2001 to 3,807 in 2005. Between the period from 2004 to 2005 the number of deaths involving C. difficile increased by 69%. The figures also show that MRSA was mentioned on one in every 500 death certificates over the period from 2001 to 2005, and that the increase in the number of death certificates specifying MRSA accounted for most of the increase in deaths where S. aureus was mentioned. For men the MRSA death rate increased from 12.5 to 25.0 per million population, while for women it rose from 6.7 to 14.5 per million population. Between 2004 and 2005, mentions of MRSA on death certificates increased by 39%. However, the Health Protection Agency’s mandatory MRSA surveillance scheme, introduced in April 2001, showed a small fall in laboratory reports over a similar period. Some of the increase in mentions of MRSA may be due to improved levels of reporting on death certificates. The chief medical officer reminded doctors, in his update of July 2005, to include MRSA and other healthcare-associated infections on death certificates whenever they thought these infections had contributed to the death. C. difficile was mentioned on one in every 250 death certificates over the period 20012005. Among death certificates with a mention of C. difficile, the percentage for which it was the underlying cause was similar (around 55%) in each year. For men the C. difficile death rate in England and Wales almost tripled between 2001 and 2005, from 13.1 to 37.6 per million population. Among females, rates more than tripled, from 12.8 per million to 38.9 per million. The ONS data can be seen at www. statistics.gov.uk/statbase/Product.asp?vlnk =6725. Call for ICNs to apply for this year’s NT awards","PeriodicalId":265443,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Infection Control","volume":"86 23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126291759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HCAI research centre is launched in Nottingham HCAI研究中心在诺丁汉成立

British Journal of Infection Control Pub Date : 2007-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/14690446070080020404

引用次数: 0

Have you got a pen? A delegate's guide to sales exhibitions 你有钢笔吗?销售展览的代表指南

British Journal of Infection Control Pub Date : 2007-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/14690446070080021001

A. Jeanes

引用次数: 0

New version of `Green book' is published 新版“绿皮书”出版

British Journal of Infection Control Pub Date : 2007-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/14690446070080010505

引用次数: 0

The teleclass — a simple way to maintain your lifelong learning 远程课堂——一个保持你终身学习的简单方法

British Journal of Infection Control Pub Date : 2007-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/14690446070080010601

M. Bennallick, D. King, L. Tew

引用次数: 0

Memo reveals MRSA target shortfall 备忘录显示MRSA目标不足

British Journal of Infection Control Pub Date : 2007-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/14690446070080010501

引用次数: 0