{"title":"Location-Aided Window based Beam Alignment for mmWave Communications","authors":"I. Orikumhi, Jeongwan Kang, Sunwoo Kim","doi":"10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660423","url":null,"abstract":"Beam alignment is required in millimeter wave communication to ensure high data rate transmission. However, with narrow beamwidth in massive MIMO, beam alignment could be computationally intensive due to the large number of beam pairs to be measured. In this paper, we propose an efficient beam alignment framework by exploiting the location information of the user equipment (UE) and potential reflecting points. The proposed scheme allows the UE and the base station to perform a coordinated beam search from a small set of beams within the error boundary of the location information, the selected beams are then used to guide the search of future beams. To further reduce the number of beams to be searched, we propose an intelligent search scheme within a small window of beams to determine the direction of the actual beam. The proposed beam alignment algorithm is verified on simulation with some location uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":264468,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th IEEE International Conference on Network Intelligence and Digital Content (IC-NIDC)","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125089826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Object Detection Framework for Span Extraction in Question Answering","authors":"Tianyu Zhou, Ping Gong","doi":"10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660483","url":null,"abstract":"Machine Reading Comprehension(MRC), including a series of tasks that test the ability of models to understand natural language, has received quite a few attention in Natural Language Processing(NLP). Most existing works deal with MRC tasks by exploiting the expression capability of neural networks. Some of them have achieved impressive performance. Despite the rapid iteration of the models used, few work have focused on output layer and prediction method of answer span - also known as span extraction. In this paper, we focus on span extraction in the Question Answering(QA) task. A cross-sectional comparison of widely used span extraction methods is presented, with their strengths and weaknesses noted in detail. Furthermore, inspired by Faster R-CNN, we propose a brand new span extraction method. Experiment results show that our proposed method outperforms existing span extraction methods on both English and Chinese MRC tasks.","PeriodicalId":264468,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th IEEE International Conference on Network Intelligence and Digital Content (IC-NIDC)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122484758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ancient Chinese Recognition Method Based on Attention Mechanism","authors":"Lingjing Wu, Chuang Zhang, Mengqiu Xu, Ming Wu","doi":"10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660518","url":null,"abstract":"Characters and symbols play an important role of historical development and cultural transmission. Automatic ancient character recognition has become a meaningful and typical task. However, the existing recognition methods mostly focus on the detection and classification of modern Chinese, there are lack of the research on ancient Chinese, especially pre-Qin characters. And the methods are mainly computer graphics, topology, support vector machines (SVM) and convolutional neural networks (CNN), these methods lack attention to character features. Thus, based on ancient Chinese characters dataset of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips, the method proposed in this paper add attention mechanism to recognition algorithms to replace traditional convolution in order to improve recognition accuracy. Besides, we propose a data augmentation method specifically for character images, as much as possible without changing the writing form of Chinese characters. Experimental results demonstrated that our method has achieved a top5 accuracy of 99.98% which is higher compared with other methods.","PeriodicalId":264468,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th IEEE International Conference on Network Intelligence and Digital Content (IC-NIDC)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122764671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Asynchronous Multi-Nets Detailed Routing in VLSI using Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning","authors":"Xuhua Ju, Konglin Zhu, Yibo Lin, Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660569","url":null,"abstract":"Detailed routing is a crucial challenge in modern integrated circuit (IC) design. Due to the continuous increase in design complexity and complicated design rules, avoiding routing conflicts between nets becomes more and more challenging. Conventional routing strategies like the rip-up and re-route scheme may need to spend huge efforts on avoiding conflicts between nets with overlapping routing areas. To resolve this challenge, in this paper, we propose a detailed router based on multi-agent reinforcement learning for handling conflicting nets. First, we approximate nets of detailed routing as agents and regard the pin-connection task as path planning to achieve the asynchronization of routing. Second, we assign each agent a local field of view to reduce feature size and difficulty in training. Finally, in order to eliminate routing congestion, we set an information storage unit for the information communication of each agent. The evaluation results show that the proposed multi-agent reinforcement learning scheme outperforms the baseline learning methods by 11.6%.","PeriodicalId":264468,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th IEEE International Conference on Network Intelligence and Digital Content (IC-NIDC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122784515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongqing Yu, Xia Hou, Ce Li, Qiujian Lv, Yan Wang, Ning Li
{"title":"Anomaly Detection in Unstructured Logs Using Attention-based Bi-LSTM Network","authors":"Dongqing Yu, Xia Hou, Ce Li, Qiujian Lv, Yan Wang, Ning Li","doi":"10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660476","url":null,"abstract":"System logs record valuable information about the runtime status of IT systems. Therefore, system logs are a naturally excellent source of information for anomaly detection. Most of the existing studies on log-based anomaly detection construct a detection model to identify anomalous logs. Generally, the model treats historical logs as natural language sequences and learns the normal patterns from normal log sequences, and detects deviations from normal patterns as anomalies. However, the majority of existing methods focus on sequential and quantitative information and ignore semantic information hidden in log sequence so that they are inefficient in anomaly detection. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for automatically detecting log anomalies by utilizing an attention-based Bi-LSTM model. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed model, we evaluate the performance on a public production log dataset. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms all comparison methods for anomaly detection.","PeriodicalId":264468,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th IEEE International Conference on Network Intelligence and Digital Content (IC-NIDC)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121276597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huan Liu, Chengpo Mu, Ruixin Yang, Yang He, Nan Wu
{"title":"Research on Object Detection Algorithm Based on UVA Aerial Image","authors":"Huan Liu, Chengpo Mu, Ruixin Yang, Yang He, Nan Wu","doi":"10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660571","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new object detection network is proposed to process UVA aerial images. The detection network based on single-stage object detection algorithm, and reduces the calculation of the network through cross phase partial connection modules. Resource consumption makes the network lighter, through multi-scale feature fusion, the ability to detect small objects of the network we proposed is improved.","PeriodicalId":264468,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th IEEE International Conference on Network Intelligence and Digital Content (IC-NIDC)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133488084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing Class-semantics Features' Locating Performance for Temporal Action Localization","authors":"Jianming Zhang, Jianqin Yin","doi":"10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660459","url":null,"abstract":"Temporal action localization is a fundamental video understanding task. Meanwhile, due to the complex video background, the varied duration and amplitude of the actions, it is also a considerable challenge. Currently, offline class-semantics representation is the mainstream input of this task since untrimmed videos occupy a large memory, high-quality untrimmed videos and annotations are difficult to access. Because these representations only focus on the class-semantics information, they are sub-optimal for the temporal action localization tasks. At the same time, the exploration of localization-semantics representation is very few due to the high resource consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the detection capability of class-semantics representation directly. As an exploration, we propose the ForeBack module to enhance class-semantics features’ locating performance by augmenting the distinction modeling between foreground and background clips. This module could also eliminate part of the noise of inference probability sequences. Furthermore, we use phased training to learn and use the ForeBack module more effectively. Finally, we reveal the effectiveness of our approach by conduct experiments on THUMOS-14 and the mAP at tIoU@0.5 is improved from 38.8% (BMN action detection baseline) to 47.1%.","PeriodicalId":264468,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th IEEE International Conference on Network Intelligence and Digital Content (IC-NIDC)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133946747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Economic Development Analysis of the Belt and Road Regions Based on Automatic Interpretation of Remote Sensing Images","authors":"Xinzhu Qiu, Yunzhe Wang, Jingyi Cao, Guannan Xu, Yanan You, Junlong Ren","doi":"10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660561","url":null,"abstract":"The Belt and Road (B&R) initiative is proposed to promote common development among countries along the B&R. In recent years, although the B&R has contributed to the regions along the route, it is always a controversial topic in the international community. A number of scholars have done a set of research works to analyze the effects of the B&R projects based on traditional economic methods. However, the drawbacks of subjectivity and delay reduce the conviction of the analysis results. In this paper, we leverage the objectivity and real-time features of remote sensing (RS) images to analyze the effects of the B&R project. Our research takes Voi town along the Mongolia-Nairobi Railway as the representative city. In addition, in order to prove the causal relationship between the B&R and economic development, we select the Taveta town as the comparison city. The semantic segmentation based on deep learning is applied to the multi-temporal RS images, to retrieve the economic development by automatically recognizing houses. On this basis, the construction and development of both the studied region and the comparison are quantitatively analyzed by meshing analysis and standard deviation elliptic methods. For overcoming the shortages of the conventional algorithms, a novel segmentation network based on the attention mechanism is proposed. The evaluation proves the semantic segmentation results can fully support the follow-up data analysis. In addition, the analysis results show that our work is a convincing initiative to reveal the values of the B&R projects for economic developments in the B&R-related regions.","PeriodicalId":264468,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th IEEE International Conference on Network Intelligence and Digital Content (IC-NIDC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132725693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Federated Learning Based Chinese Text Classification Model with Parameter Factorization Weighting","authors":"Huan Wang, Zerong Zeng, Ruifang Liu, Sheng Gao","doi":"10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660471","url":null,"abstract":"Federated learning (FL), as an emerging field of machine learning, has received wide attention since this concept was proposed. In this, paper, we conduct research on text classification based on Federated Learning, and propose a Federated Learning via Local Batch Normalization and Parameter Factorization Weighting based Chinese Text Classification Model (FedBN-PW-CTC). We evaluate our approach on both homogenous and non-homogenous datasets and confirm its effect of 2.95% improvement of accuracy and 4.7% improvement of F1 score on non-homogeneous dataset.","PeriodicalId":264468,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th IEEE International Conference on Network Intelligence and Digital Content (IC-NIDC)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115130151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distributed Learning in Trusted Execution Environment: A Case Study of Federated Learning in SGX","authors":"Tianxing Xu, Konglin Zhu, A. Andrzejak, Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC-NIDC54101.2021.9660433","url":null,"abstract":"Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm to solve isolated data island problems under privacy constraints. Recent works reveal that FL still exists security problems in which attackers can infer private data from gradients. In this paper, we propose a distributed FL framework in Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) to protect gradients in the perspective of hardware. We use trusted Software Guard eXtensions (SGX) as an instance to implement the FL, and proposed an SGX-FL framework. Firstly, to break through the limitation of physical memory space in SGX and meanwhile preserve the privacy, we leverage a gradient filtering mechanism to obtain the “important” gradients which preserve the utmost data privacy and put them into SGX. Secondly, to enhance the global adhesion of gradients so that the important gradients can be aggregated at maximum, a grouping method is carried out to put the most appropriate number of members into one group. Finally, to keep the accuracy of the FL model, the secondary gradients of group members and aggregated important gradients are simultaneously uploaded to the server and the computation procedure is validated by the integrity method of SGX. The evaluation results show that the proposed SGX-FL reduces the computation cost by 19 times compared with the existing approaches.","PeriodicalId":264468,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th IEEE International Conference on Network Intelligence and Digital Content (IC-NIDC)","volume":"232 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115266790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}