The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior最新文献

The Internet Is for Porn 互联网是为色情服务的

The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior Pub Date : 2020-03-19 DOI: 10.1017/9781108131797.046

C. Salmon, M. Fisher, R. Burch

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Human–Grey Parrot Comparisons in Cognitive Performance 人类与灰鹦鹉认知表现的比较

The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior Pub Date : 2020-03-19 DOI: 10.1017/9781108131797.002

I. Pepperberg

{"title":"Human–Grey Parrot Comparisons in Cognitive Performance","authors":"I. Pepperberg","doi":"10.1017/9781108131797.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108131797.002","url":null,"abstract":"Prior to Darwin, humans lived in a different world from other species. While our machines were inhabited by ghosts, other creatures were simply machines devoid of internal states (Descartes, 1641). With the publication of the Origin of Species in 1859, however, people began to question this anthropocentric assumption of a discontinuity between “us” and “them.” Thirteen years later in Darwin’s final book, The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872), he developed this argument of continuity between human and nonhuman species further by drawing on observations of parallels of expression and reaction in a wide range of species. It is fair to say that The Expression of the Emotions led directly to the development of “comparative psychology” and provided legitimacy to the study of animal behavior as a means to better understand ourselves (Workman, 2013). In 1894, Conway Lloyd Morgan formalized this approach in his book, Introduction to Comparative Psychology, setting out the ground rules for the comparative method. During the twentieth century, comparative psychology subdivided into two main approaches. One approach focused on the internal states of animals and eventually developed into the new field of animal cognition, while the other attempted to exorcise mentalistic language from the field of animal behavior and eventually became known as behaviorism. Today, studies of animal cognition still draw on Darwin’s conception of continuity between species, but, by integrating developments in ethology and neuroscience, they also relate specific cognitive abilities to the behavioral ecology of a population. It is fair to say that Irene M. Pepperberg’s research into avian cognition is a major contribution to the field of animal cognition. Pepperberg’s work with African Grey parrots showed how a species that has not shared a common ancestor with our own lineage since the late Carboniferous period can nonetheless exhibit human-like vocal communication. We begin Part I with her chapter on human–Grey parrot comparisons in cognitive performance. The old adage that “elephants never forget” is based on a large body of anecdotal evidence. In recent years, however, field and lab studies have begun to put some flesh on these anecdotal bones. Lucy Bates has spent a number of years observing and testing this social giant. Her chapter on the cognitive abilities in elephants reinforces and dispels the myths that have built up around the intellectual prowess of these largest of all land animals. Another group of animals that, due to their apparent complex social behavior, has long fascinated us is the cetaceans. Like elephants, whales and dolphins are renowned for their apparent cognitive prowess. In the third and final chapter in Part I, Ellen C. Garland and Luke Rendell consider culture and communication among cetaceans. Is it possible that we can improve our understanding of the roots of human language and culture by studying creatures that evolved in the t","PeriodicalId":263808,"journal":{"name":"The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130057865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Evolutionary Psychology 进化心理学

The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior Pub Date : 2020-03-19 DOI: 10.1017/9781108131797.032

M. Fisher, Justin R. Garcia, R. Burch

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Substitute Parenting 代替父母

The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior Pub Date : 2020-03-19 DOI: 10.1017/9781108131797.040

M. Daly, Gretchen Perry

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The Enigmatic Urge 神秘的冲动

The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior Pub Date : 2020-03-19 DOI: 10.1017/9781108131797.028

F. Toates

引用次数: 1

Index 指数

The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior Pub Date : 2020-03-19 DOI: 10.1017/9781108131797.047

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A Bridge Too Far? 桥过了头?

The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior Pub Date : 2020-03-19 DOI: 10.1017/9781108131797.037

A. Buunk

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Evolutionary Developmental Psychology 进化发展心理学

The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior Pub Date : 2020-03-19 DOI: 10.1017/9781108131797.022

Alyson J. Myers, David F. Bjorklund

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Evolutionary Psychology 进化心理学

The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior Pub Date : 2020-01-31 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvvb7n8x.5

M. Fisher, Justin R. Garcia, R. Burch

{"title":"Evolutionary Psychology","authors":"M. Fisher, Justin R. Garcia, R. Burch","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvvb7n8x.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvvb7n8x.5","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the importation into science fiction of evolutionary psychology, including earlier schools such as Social Darwinism and sociobiology. Social Darwinism motivates an anti-utopian tendency to forecast a state of future decadence that can be arrested only by the re-activation of dormant evolutionary mechanisms. This pattern may be familiar enough from H.G. Wells’s The Time Machine (1895) and Robert Heinlein’s The Moon is a Harsh Mistress (1966), but is less easily perceived in Octavia Butler’s sequence, Parable of the Sower (1993) and Parable of the Talents (1998), which predicts a new evolutionary lineage for homo sapiens emerging from a future in which the USA is a failed state. The authority of evolutionary psychology is challenged in Kurt Vonnegut’s Galápagos (1985), which satirizes the sociobiological paradigm by taking to the point of absurdity evolutionary explanations for human aggression. Science fiction can, moreover, escape hackneyed Social Darwinist discourses by drawing upon alternative evolutionary psychologies. Naomi Mitchison’s future utopia in Memoirs of a Spacewoman (1962) draws upon attachment theory to offer a renewed feminist ethic of compassion and imaginative understanding, while also estranging our dominant ethical systems.","PeriodicalId":263808,"journal":{"name":"The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117043194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Are Humans Peacocks or Robins? 人类是孔雀还是知更鸟?

The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior Pub Date : 2018-09-21 DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/csy7d

Steve Stewart-Williams

{"title":"Are Humans Peacocks or Robins?","authors":"Steve Stewart-Williams","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/csy7d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/csy7d","url":null,"abstract":"Sociobiological approaches have made great inroads into psychological science over the last few decades. This hasn’t come without a fight. One of the main fronts on which the battle has been fought is the origins of human sex differences. Evolutionary psychologists have made a strong case that many basic sex differences in our species have an evolutionary origin; the case is now so strong, in fact, that it seems unreasonable to deny a significant evolutionary contribution. A question mark remains, however, over the relative magnitude of the evolved differences. Are we highly dimorphic, polygynous animals like peacocks? Or are we relatively monomorphic, pair-bonding animals like robins? In this chapter, I argue that we’re closer to the latter than the former - a fact that makes us somewhat anomalous among the animals. In many species, the males alone compete for mates and the females alone choose from among the males on offer. In our species, in contrast, both sexes compete for mates and both are choosy about their mates. Certainly, males compete more fervently and females are choosier, at least in early courtship and for low-commitment relationships. But the most conspicuous feature of the human mating system is mutual mate choice, coupled with relatively modest levels of overall dimorphism. Link to published version: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-handbook-of-evolutionary-perspectives-on-human-behavior/are-humans-peacocks-or-robins/83C55792A6FFB864AD46860FD0606692","PeriodicalId":263808,"journal":{"name":"The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behavior","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122439381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0