L. Riesebos, Brad Bondurant, Jacob Whitlow, Junki Kim, M. Kuzyk, Tianyi Chen, Samuel Phiri, Ye Wang, Chao Fang, Andrew Van Horn, Jungsang Kim, K. Brown
{"title":"Modular software for real-time quantum control systems","authors":"L. Riesebos, Brad Bondurant, Jacob Whitlow, Junki Kim, M. Kuzyk, Tianyi Chen, Samuel Phiri, Ye Wang, Chao Fang, Andrew Van Horn, Jungsang Kim, K. Brown","doi":"10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00077","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time control software and hardware is essential for operating quantum computers. In particular, the software plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between quantum programs and the quantum system. Unfortunately, current control software is often optimized for a specific system at the cost of flexibility and portability. We propose a systematic design strategy for modular real-time quantum control software and demonstrate that modular control software can reduce the execution time overhead of kernels by 63.3% on average while not increasing the binary size. Our analysis shows that modular control software for two distinctly different systems can share between 49.8% and 91.0% of covered code statements. To demonstrate the modularity and portability of our software architecture, we run a portable randomized benchmarking experiment on two different ion-trap quantum systems.","PeriodicalId":263626,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123136505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power dependent dynamics of the 2nd excited state of a Transmon qubit","authors":"Jeakyung Choi, Heyok Hwang, Eunseong Kim","doi":"10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00136","url":null,"abstract":"A qubit, the quantum counterpart of the classical binary digit, can be constructed based on a system with two possible quantum states. For instance, superconducting circuits have been employed to construct an artificial atom in which ground and excited states are used for two quantum states. The anharmonicity of an artificial atom distinguishes the higher-order excited states from two possible quantum states, although they can interact with the cavity as well. The interaction can be important when a large number of photons are allowed in the cavity and results in a nonlinear effect on a Transmon-cavity system. We studied power-dependent nonlinear behaviors of a Transmon-cavity system. The system exhibits dramatic shifts from a dispersive coupling at a low power regime to punch-out behaviors at high powers. This nonlinearity provides us high fidelity readouts for 2nd excited state as well as 1st excited state.[1]","PeriodicalId":263626,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115758006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Naveed Mahmud, M. Jeng, Md. Alvir Islam Nobel, Manu Chaudhary, S. Islam, David Levy, E. El-Araby
{"title":"Efficient Data Encoding and Decoding for Quantum Computing","authors":"Naveed Mahmud, M. Jeng, Md. Alvir Islam Nobel, Manu Chaudhary, S. Islam, David Levy, E. El-Araby","doi":"10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00110","url":null,"abstract":"Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices face many critical challenges that limit their usefulness for practical applications. A primary challenge is classical-to-quantum (C2Q) data encoding, which requires specific circuits for quantum state initialization, particularly for I/O intensive applications. The required state initialization circuits are often complex, and violate decoherence constraints. Another critical challenge for quantum computers is quantum state readout or quantum-to-classical (Q2C) data decoding. The general approach for Q2C involves repeated sampling of the quantum circuit, which often incurs significant overhead in the overall execution time. In this paper, we propose time-efficient methods for C2Q data encoding and Q2C data decoding for quantum algorithms. Decoherence optimized circuits for C2Q data encoding are presented along with analysis of their circuit depths. For Q2C, a novel approach based on more efficient sampling of the output state using the Quantum Wavelet Transform is proposed. The proposed methods are experimentally evaluated on a state-of-the-art quantum computing device from IBM Quantum using realistic multi-spectral data. Experimental results are consistent with our theoretical expectations and confirm the efficiency of our proposed methods compared to existing techniques. More specifically, our proposed C2Q method demonstrates a theoretical 2x reduction in circuit depth which resulted in improving the experimental execution time compared to the state-of-the-art, while our Q2C method achieved a maximum of 89% reduction in circuit sampling time.","PeriodicalId":263626,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125738616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unraveling the Effect of COVID-19 on the Selection of Optimal Portfolio Using Hybrid Quantum-Classical Algorithms","authors":"Shreyes Upadhyay, Vaidehi Dhande, Ishan NH Mankodi, Rupayan Bhatacharjee, Aaryav Mishra, Anindita Banerjee, R. Venkatraman","doi":"10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00154","url":null,"abstract":"Portfolio optimization is one of the important problem classes in finance sector. As the world economy recovered and reaching the pre-COVID levels and is still continuing to grow, it is imperative to understand what kind of impact COVID-19 had on portfolio optimization and how quantum computers can be used in doing so. Hybrid quantum algorithms like variational quantum eigen solver (VQE), quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) have been tried for identifying optimal portfolios. In the present work, we employ these algorithms to carry out portfolio optimization for different time intervals (which includes pre and during COVID-19 periods) and unravel the impact of COVID-19 on the same, across different industries.Our results show that the companies’ stocks were growing steadily more on a sideways movement from 2016-2017. The stocks start to pick momentum from 2018-2019 and in 2020 early months as dip can be observed, however all the stocks recover to normal levels and even reaching lifetime highs from second half of 2020. Keywords—Quantum Algorithms, Portfolio Optimization, Covid-19, Markowitz model, QAOA, VQE","PeriodicalId":263626,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126655943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantum Computing for the Faint of Heart","authors":"Noah Davis, B. Cour","doi":"10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00089","url":null,"abstract":"The quantum computing curriculum developed in the Freshman Research Initiative at The University of Texas at Austin caters to students who have not yet studied advanced math and science. We lower the barrier to entry by simplifying notation and teaching through application of the concepts, only covering math methods as they become necessary. Physical motivation and simulation connect with students, and embedded examples and practice problems help cement their understanding. Through learning to program in Python and completing creative technical projects, students gain valuable, transferable skills while exploring quantum information and computing.","PeriodicalId":263626,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130331432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Tillman, Thirupathaiah Vasantam, K. Seshadreesan
{"title":"A Continuous Variable Quantum Switch","authors":"I. Tillman, Thirupathaiah Vasantam, K. Seshadreesan","doi":"10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00057","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous quadratures of a single mode of the light field present a promising avenue to encode quantum information. By virtue of the infinite dimensionality of the associated Hilbert space, quantum states of these continuous variables (CV) can enable higher communication rates compared to single photon-based qubit encodings. Quantum repeater protocols that are essential to extend the range of quantum communications at enhanced rates over direct transmission have also been recently proposed for CV quantum encodings. Here we present a quantum repeating switch for CV quantum encodings that caters to multiple communication flows. The architecture of the switch is based on quantum light sources, detectors, memories, and switching fabric, and the routing protocol is based on a Max-Weight scheduling policy that is throughput optimal. We present numerical results on an achievable bipartite entanglement request rate region for multiple CV entanglement flows that can be stably supported through the switch. We elucidate our results with the help of exemplary 3-flow networks.","PeriodicalId":263626,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125655921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Mordini, Alfredo Ricci Vásquez, Chi Zhang, M. Malinowski, D. Kienzler, K. Mehta, J. Home
{"title":"Enhanced entangling gates and scalable multizone operations in surface traps with integrated photonics","authors":"C. Mordini, Alfredo Ricci Vásquez, Chi Zhang, M. Malinowski, D. Kienzler, K. Mehta, J. Home","doi":"10.1109/qce53715.2022.00111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce53715.2022.00111","url":null,"abstract":"We present a surface-electrode Paul trap featuring integrated photonics elements, where ions are illuminated with two interfering beams at 729 nm forming a standing wave along the trap axis. In this field configuration, it is possible to excite the motional sidebands of a trapped ion while suppressing the off- resonant coupling to the corresponding carrier transition. This is of particular interest for quantum information processing, as it would allow implementing faster and lower error Mølmer-Sørensen entangling gates.We characterize the optical properties of the chip by scanning with sub-wavelength resolution the position of a single ion through the standing wave and observing Rabi oscillations for carrier and first motional sideband of different quadrupole transitions. We characterize both the strength of resonant couplings and the AC Stark shift induced by off-resonant couplings. We measure noise and drifts in the ion position and observe high stability in the standing wave profile without the need for active phase stabilization.Integrated optics allow to reliably reproduce the same field configuration in different regions of the chip, opening the way for implementing distributed, parallel quantum operations. We show the ability to control ions in different regions of the trap at the same time. We implemented real-time control of the DC voltages controlling the axial configuration of the trapping potential which enables us to load multiple ion crystals, merge, split, and shuttle them across the device.","PeriodicalId":263626,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125731338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantum Annealing Error Mitigation Using Mirror Symmetries on Different Generations of Quantum Annealers","authors":"Bhavika Bhalgamiya, Dilina Perera, M. Novotny","doi":"10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00140","url":null,"abstract":"We present an effective method of error mitigation on adiabatic quantum annealing machines. This method involves a mirror symmetric property of the adiabatic quantum device underlying graph. The methodology is tested on different generations of D-Wave annealing devices. An initial Hamiltonian is formed with two mirror- symmetric graphs k = k′, coupled with either ferromagnetic (M > 0) or antiferromagnetic (M < 0) graph edges, and then implemented on the underlying D-Wave Chimera graph. Examining the returned solution states at the end of annealing process, allows one to discard returned states that are not the ground state of the problem Hamiltonian. The approach is applicable to any quantum adiabatic device. We used the method to compare the performances of different generations of adiabatic devices.","PeriodicalId":263626,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125754858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smart Agriculture Decision Making Scheme Using Quantum Annealing","authors":"Chia-Ho Ou, Dong-Jie Jiang, Chih-Yu Chen, Lien-Po Yu, Ching-Ray Chang","doi":"10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00145","url":null,"abstract":"Smart agriculture is introduced with the latest technologies to improve the overall agricultural production capacity and efficiency. This paper proposes a quantum-inspired decision making scheme for crop cultivation in smart agriculture. The goal of the scheme is to increase the farmers’ welfare by planting different types of crop on adjacent farmlands to achieve optimal balance of crop demand and production. The proposed scheme is modeled as a graph coloring problem, which is computationally hard to solve for large and complex graphs in general. By taking advantage of quantum-inspired metaheuristic approach, the graph coloring problem is formulated as Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) model and solved by a quantum annealer. The experimental realization of the proposed method is investigated on D-Wave quantum annealing devices and its performance is compared with those of the brute-force and greedy algorithms. The experimental results show that the proposed decision making scheme achieves a higher success probability than the greedy algorithm and a much lower run time than the brute-force approach.","PeriodicalId":263626,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122245017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gloria Turati, Maurizio Ferrari Dacrema, P. Cremonesi
{"title":"Feature Selection for Classification with QAOA","authors":"Gloria Turati, Maurizio Ferrari Dacrema, P. Cremonesi","doi":"10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE53715.2022.00117","url":null,"abstract":"Feature selection is of great importance in Machine Learning, where it can be used to reduce the dimensionality of classification, ranking and prediction problems. The removal of redundant and noisy features can improve both the accuracy and scalability of the trained models. However, feature selection is a computationally expensive task with a solution space that grows combinatorically. In this work, we consider in particular a quadratic feature selection problem that can be tackled with the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), already employed in combinatorial optimization. First we represent the feature selection problem with the QUBO formulation, which is then mapped to an Ising spin Hamiltonian. Then we apply QAOA with the goal of finding the ground state of this Hamiltonian, which corresponds to the optimal selection of features. In our experiments, we consider seven different real–world datasets with dimensionality up to 21 and run QAOA on both a quantum simulator and, for small datasets, the 7–qubit IBM (ibm–perth) quantum computer. We use the set of selected features to train a classification model and evaluate its accuracy. Our analysis shows that it is possible to tackle the feature selection problem with QAOA and that currently available quantum devices can be used effectively. Future studies could test a wider range of classification models as well as improve the effectiveness of QAOA by exploring better performing optimizers for its classical step.","PeriodicalId":263626,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127991265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}