Iran University of Science & Technology最新文献

{"title":"INVESTIGATING MEANING QUALITY of URBAN PUBLIC PLACES In YAZD CITIZEN PERCEPTION","authors":"M. Rafieian, M. Rafieiannaajafabadi, M. Bemanian","doi":"10.22068/IJAUP.29.1.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJAUP.29.1.91","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":263097,"journal":{"name":"Iran University of Science & Technology","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114254246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Dynamics of Spatial Structure Using an Interaction Pattern(The Case of Mashhad Metropolitan Region, Iran)","authors":"H. Dadashpoor, H. Jalili","doi":"10.22068/IJAUP.29.1.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJAUP.29.1.99","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, remarkable changes have occurred in the spatial structure of metropolitan regions, creating a discontinuous, scattered and polycentric development which have significant implications for commuting patterns. This study examines the dynamics of the spatial structure using an interaction pattern in Mashhad Metropolitan Region (MMR). Four dimensions-centrality and dominance, network cohesion, interaction strength and levels and hierarchy-were used to analyze people flows in 1999, 2007 and 2012, showing that the interaction between Mashhad and other cities in the MMR have increased over the time. The results show that the spatial structure of MMR is monocentric with traditional interaction patterns, in which Mashhad is the central node of the region and other cities are dispersed in MMR. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt an integrated approach to develop a polycentric metropolitan region in order to protect the environment and reinforce inter-city relationships, manage travel demand, reduce unnecessary trips, and restrict sprawl. These policies are led to more convergence and polycentric development.","PeriodicalId":263097,"journal":{"name":"Iran University of Science & Technology","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134479207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Architects and Engineers Differences: A comparison between problem solving performances of architects and engineers in the ideation phase of an analogy-based design","authors":"E. Najafi, M. Khanmohammadi, K. Smith","doi":"10.22068/IJAUP.29.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJAUP.29.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines how analogy affects problem-solving in ideation phase of design among architects and engineers. For this purpose, a design problem was given to master and Ph.D. students of engineering and architecture. They were given two optional analogy sources to choose and be inspired by one. From the analysis of design sessions, using different coding groups and the application of the Protocol analysis, the following results were achieved. Choosing different analogies would cause application of different levels of abstraction by designers in design, considering their discipline. Also, choosing between two analogies would affect mainly the behaviour of engineers in the problem space. For architects choosing between different analogies do not affect their problem solving or structuring so much but it affects their problem space monitoring mainly. Finally, architects benefit from analogy mostly for problem solving.","PeriodicalId":263097,"journal":{"name":"Iran University of Science & Technology","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132503926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Questionnaire Design: Relation of Physical Activity and Safety","authors":"V. B. Rad, Hamed Najafpour, E. Shieh, H. B. Rad","doi":"10.22068/IJAUP.29.1.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJAUP.29.1.113","url":null,"abstract":"A safe neighborhood encourages residents to lead a more physically active lifestyle. Lack of physical activities elevates the risks of various health problems such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Various studies have discussed the effect of safety in physical activities of residents in their area. From a study reviewing previous models, it was observed that these models did not consider all the specified safety factors and their effect at the same time on physical activity. Moreover, in terms of safety in the neighborhood, the assessment factors and models of Tehran neighborhoods are neither standardized nor readily available. Therefore, this paper presents the development of a questionnaire aimed at measuring the safety factors associated with physical activeness of the residents in Tehran’s urban neighborhoods. For this purpose, a pilot study, industryrecognized validity, tests, and expert review were employed. In this way, the needed data were collected using survey questionnaires that were distributed among 90 respondents in three neighborhoods of Tehran Metropolis. Finally, the data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by Smart Partial Least Squares (PLS) software. The questionnaire has six research constructs linked to five specified research indicators. It is available in both Farsi and English, and back translation was done by field experts to ensure its accuracy in representing the intended measurement. This questionnaire is expected to assist urban developers and managers in improving the safety condition in urban neighborhoods of Iran and consequently promoting physical activeness.","PeriodicalId":263097,"journal":{"name":"Iran University of Science & Technology","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133996526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal analysis of Shiraz metropolitan area expansion during 1986-2014: Using remote sensing imagery and landscape metrics.","authors":"A. Azhdari, A. Taghvaee, R. Kheyroddin","doi":"10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.163","url":null,"abstract":"This Paper attempts to investigate the patterns of land cover changes and also the process of urban growth in Shiraz Metropolitan Area. Since detailed information of current urban processes is required for future developments and managements of urban areas, this study utilizes remote sensing data and landscape metrics, as useful tools to gather information on urban growth and dynamics, in order to examine the spatial pattern of Shiraz metropolitan area (SMA) from 1986 to 2014. Since, the northwestern areas of SMA are superior in terms of ecological advantages, analysis of types and patterns of SMA growth were separately examined for each sector (NW, NE, SE, and SW). Five landscape metrics were used to analyze compactness and dispersion of urban patches derived from remotely sensed images. The results showed that over the past 28 years, SMA experienced sweeping changes with unexplainable growth during 1996-2006: a great horizontal expansion with 5.89 percent annual growth rate. After facing great urban sprawl, especially on the edge of the main city in the 96-06 period, periphery rural areas beyond the city borders started growing drastically during last decade. While measuring landscape metrics indicates a process of compactness in the growth patterns of NE, SE and SW areas, NW is going to be more dispersed in the coming years.","PeriodicalId":263097,"journal":{"name":"Iran University of Science & Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121851464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redesigning Bazaar Physical Structure According to its Dealing Culture Structure- Case Study: Arab Bazaar in Ahvaz City","authors":"H. Normohammadzad, S. Makki","doi":"10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.202","url":null,"abstract":"The Bazaar physical structure is formed based on the arrangement of division units, Interfaces, joints and boundaries to each other and the Arabic Bazaar follows this example as well. This structure is the result of arrangement syntax of division units with a linear pattern around an axis. Culture is a life style of people that fulfills their needs with its \"Pattern variable\" based on the values of their culture. The Arabs considered as the buyers and sellers use a dealing pattern in this bazaar that is different from others. The interactions between the roles results in the formation of networks with different contents. The networks tie to each other and form the dealing culture structures. The Current physical structures are not in accordance with the dealing culture structure thus it results in irregularity. The changed structure of the shops with the counter of vendors that is put next to the shop can be an indication of inappropriateness of physical structure, transaction culture structure which results in disarrangements in bazaar. The inappropriateness of the two structures made some irregularities in bazaar. The aim of the current research is to solve the above mentioned problem by utilizing the general structure connection model based on the system theory for physical structures. Therefore, the present research attempts to achieve the association of physical and cultural structure as the aim in order to seek the answers of the following questions: 1. According to the culture structure, how is the physical structure designed? 2. How is the form of components and their connection to each other designed in physical structure according to the networks and relations between them in culture structure? 3. How are the elements of components and the relationship between them designed in physical structure with content and pattern variable in culture structure? Hence the dealing culture structure in the Ahwaz Arab Bazaar was identified using the ethnographic method based on the network theory; the results were applied in the redesign of the physical structure. Culture regularity in dealing networks is the result of the present study that facilitates the dealing of goods and information in bazaar. In the current study, the framework was presented for utilization in the design process by network theory and Parsons' cultural theory that was used mainly in sociological studies. The model of culture structure was extracted by output of ethnographic research method and interpretive method and it was used as one of the criterions for choosing the physical structure design. Creating the possibility of comparing physical body in correspondence with the culture is another result of the obtained culture structure model. It is recommended to use the obtained results in redesigning other old bazaars.","PeriodicalId":263097,"journal":{"name":"Iran University of Science & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133899262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Compatibility between Urban Researches and Contemporary Urban Challenges in Iran","authors":"G. V. Borji, F. Aliakbari","doi":"10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":263097,"journal":{"name":"Iran University of Science & Technology","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122780341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Approach for Extracting the Main Characteristics of a Smart City","authors":"A. Rahmanzadeh, H. Haghighi, A. Tarihi","doi":"10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":263097,"journal":{"name":"Iran University of Science & Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128951410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semiotics of behavioral settings in educational spaces, emphasizing the social value of spaces (Case study of Islamic Art Faculty and Architecture and Art Faculty of Azad University of Tabriz)","authors":"S. Beyraghi, L. B. Asl","doi":"10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.117","url":null,"abstract":"Environment consists of a hierarchy of behavioral settings that create activity systems in conjunction with each other and it will contribute to a better understanding of environment capabilities for people. Recognizing the reflective behaviors of the students provides the possibility of optimized designing of university spaces in order to form the behavioral settings. The aim of the present research is extracting the indicators of behavioral settings and comparative comparison of them in internal frame and landscape of the universities. For this purpose, Azad University of Tabriz, based on the assumption of physical desirability, due to the assignment of use to higher education and its modernization, and Islamic art Faculty with its historical structure in urban texture and change of its function from residential to higher education has been evaluated in this study .Survey method based on map reading is used by students and the questionnaires are collected and the results are analyzed using SPSS software. The results of this study demonstrate preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of the behavioral settings in educational spaces. The investigated factor indicates the ten principles organized in effective peripheral anatomy from the dimension of the spatial, semantic and social components in formation of behavioral settings. Islamic Art Faculty with more student-defined behavioral domains and responding to behavioral setting variables has spatial desirability for students while Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, along with the modern structure, is not responsive to behavioral variables In the meantime, through discovering the problems for evaluation of the building, some strategies are suggested to improve the present condition. Environmental variables that affect student outcomes can also be physical. Physical spaces on campus, such as the presence of places to relax and socialize, affect student health.","PeriodicalId":263097,"journal":{"name":"Iran University of Science & Technology","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131217516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case study: Redesigning a Kansei Engineering Designed Scissors by User Centered Design Approach","authors":"S. Ebrahimi, N. Mamaghani, S. Mortezaei, M. Dezfouli","doi":"10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJAUP.28.2.227","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is based on the research which was conducted earlier on Kansei Engineering (KE) and resulted in a new concept for scissors to redesign it with another method called “User Centered Design” (UCD). This is a shift from translation of the consumers’ psychological feeling about a product related to their perception of the design (KE) to focus on designing for and involving users in the design process (UCD). According to UCD process, after understanding and specifying the context of use, specifying the requirements and evaluation of KE concept were simultaneously (By 52 users, 30 female and 22 male), next steps were producing design solutions and evaluating those solutions about requirements (By 41 subjects, 26 female and 15 male). Specifying the requirements and evaluations were by usability test via focus groups and interviews. The final concept obtained high available satisfaction rates defined in the research project. In addition, some comfort design factors for hand tools (e.g. reducing wrist bent while working and reduction of hand pain) were measured and the new designed product achieved a highly satisfactory result. At last a comparison between UCD and KE had been done.","PeriodicalId":263097,"journal":{"name":"Iran University of Science & Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122687698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}