Multigenerational Online Behavior and Media Use最新文献

{"title":"Social Media Activism From an Information Warfare and Security Perspective","authors":"B. van Niekerk","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch028","url":null,"abstract":"The use of social media in advocacy, and particularly transnational advocacy, raises concerns of privacy and security for those conducting the advocacy and their contacts on social media. This chapter presents high-level summaries of cases of social media in advocacy and activism from the perspectives of information warfare and information security. From an analysis of these, the impact and relationships of social media in transnational advocacy and information security is discussed. Whilst online advocacy can be considered to be a form of information warfare aligned to a Cyber Macht theory, it can be argued that social media advocacy negatively impacts information security as it encourages various actors to actively attempt to breach security.","PeriodicalId":263095,"journal":{"name":"Multigenerational Online Behavior and Media Use","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127889796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Nothing Crueler Than High School Students”","authors":"L. Rosewarne","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch041","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet as a fearful place is a theme apparent in numerous film and television presentations whereby fears and anxieties about new technology are exploited and new ethical challenges are mounted. The idea that the Internet can make a person, particularly a young person, vulnerable has much traction on screen: in the context of bullying, narratives frequently demonstrate that while it was once restricted to the parameters of school—the school grounds and the school day—the Internet enables such behavior to happen at any time and for it to occur repeatedly with an infinite audience. Anybody with Internet access—be it via their laptop or smartphone—can be bullied; equally, anyone with access to such technology can become the bully. Revictimization is the starting point for this discussion and is a key factor in distinguishing cyberbullying from the schoolyard terror of the pre–Web era. The public nature of many online attacks means that victims experience abuse in an ongoing fashion in turn, exacerbating and prolonging the trauma. Other themes explored include the flexibility of roles: whereas in schoolyard bullying the victim is frequently the weaker kid preyed upon by someone older and stronger; online the weaker kid can effortlessly become the bully themselves in a world where physical brawn is less important than computer prowess. Age and gender are also examined, along with emerging social concerns such as slut-shaming and revenge porn. These themes are each explored to expose the ways film and television depict social concerns exacerbated by new technology.","PeriodicalId":263095,"journal":{"name":"Multigenerational Online Behavior and Media Use","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133992747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Youth and Mobile","authors":"Zeinab Zaremohzzabieh, Seyedali Ahrari, Bahaman Abu Samah, J. Othman","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch090","url":null,"abstract":"While the rapid growth in studies on the effects of mobile phones has deepened our understanding of the role mobile phones play in the socialization process of youth, further work is required in reviewing the growing influence of mobile phones for continuing socialization. The objective of this paper therefore is to assess literature from a range of selected studies and in doing so, highlight the role of mobile phones in contributing to youth socialization. This state-of-the-art review demonstrates that mobile phones are a powerful socializing tool that can lead to plentiful consequences. It will show that the influence of mobile phones can be beneficial. It explores the harmful effects of mobile phones. Finally, this chapter will incorporate previous advancements in research to inform forthcoming research and identify new concepts, themes and theories to support or improve the role of mobile phones in increasing the socialization skills of youth.","PeriodicalId":263095,"journal":{"name":"Multigenerational Online Behavior and Media Use","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122482081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication Between Real-World and Cyber-World","authors":"Hüseyin Tolu","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch082","url":null,"abstract":"Racism is one of the oldest, most oppressive issues along with other extreme forms of social communications. Nevertheless, the internet has already led to the opportunity of cyber-racism that occurs more surreptitiously and aggressively than before. This study commences by unravelling the abstractions of conventional-racism and cyber-racism, and it introduces the global stakeholders' approaches and counter measures, in particular the EU and the USA and their regulated and non-regulated practices to combat cyber-racism. This paper shall then bring forward informative argumentations on how the stakeholders' perspectives on cyber-racism can be scrutinised by focusing on both values of being human (individualism) and a reconciled global-society (cosmopolitanism) towards contemporary debates in the sociology of education and technology. In this conceptual thinking, even though hate-mongers are using internet technology to spread their hatred what is the acceptable action for us to do in the subject of internet governance?","PeriodicalId":263095,"journal":{"name":"Multigenerational Online Behavior and Media Use","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125509263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Dysfunctional Internet Use","authors":"B. Stodt, Elisa Wegmann, M. Brand","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch086","url":null,"abstract":"Internet addiction (IA) and cyberbullying (CB) represent two examples of dysfunctional Internet use (DIU) which are accompanied by negative consequences. In terms of prevention, the training of technical and reflective skills (Internet literacy) will be discussed with regard to these patterns. This study investigates the role of age, conscientiousness, and Internet literacy on IA symptoms and the participation in CB. Analyses reveal that positive attitudes towards online production and interaction and lower self-regulative skills can be associated with severe IA symptoms. Cyberbullies display less skills in reflecting on Internet content and also prove to have less self-regulative skills. Younger and less conscientious individuals are more likely to use the Internet dysfunctionally. Furthermore, significant correlations between experiences as a cyberbully and IA symptoms were found. In conclusion, the authors suggest that current media/Internet literacy curricula should be complemented by teaching reflective and regulative skills to prevent Internet users from negative consequences.","PeriodicalId":263095,"journal":{"name":"Multigenerational Online Behavior and Media Use","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131721647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pedagogical Potential of Virtual Worlds","authors":"A. Manzoor","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch089","url":null,"abstract":"Every year, the number of people using virtual worlds is increasing. Virtual worlds and their avatars is a unique 3D experience for users. It is expected that virtual worlds will soon become the primary platform for all online activities. Looking at the increasing usage of virtual worlds, educators have started to use virtual worlds in their classes. Virtual worlds have the potential to provide a plethora of opportunities for meaningful learning. The objective of this chapter was to explore the potential applications of virtual worlds to enhance teaching pedagogies. This chapter explored many strengths and weaknesses of virtual worlds in academic settings. Some important issues were highlighted and specific recommendations were provided to make virtual worlds a more powerful and effective environment for student learning.","PeriodicalId":263095,"journal":{"name":"Multigenerational Online Behavior and Media Use","volume":"267 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113999819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smartwatches vs. Smartphones","authors":"W. Giang, H. Chen, Birsen Donmez","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch024","url":null,"abstract":"This work seeks to understand whether the unique features of a smartwatch, compared to a smartphone, mitigate or exacerbate driver distraction due to notifications, and to provide insights about drivers' perceptions of the risks associated with using smartwatches while driving. As smartwatches are gaining popularity among consumers, there is a need to understand how smartwatch use may influence driving performance. Previous driving research has examined voice calling on smartwatches, but not interactions with notifications, a key marketed feature. Engaging with notifications (e.g., reading and texting) on a handheld device is a known distraction associated with increased crash risks. Two driving simulator studies compared smartwatch to smartphone notifications. Experiment I asked participants to read aloud brief text notifications and Experiment II had participants manually select a response to arithmetic questions presented as notifications. Both experiments investigated the resulting glances to and physical interactions with the devices, as well as self-reported risk perception. Experiment II also investigated driving performance and self-reported knowledge/expectation about legislation surrounding the use of smart devices while driving. Experiment I found that participants were faster to visually engage with the notification on the smartwatch than the smartphone, took longer to finish reading aloud the notifications, and exhibited more glances longer than 1.6 s. Experiment II found that participants took longer to reply to notifications and had longer overall glance durations on the smartwatch than the smartphone, along with longer brake reaction times to lead vehicle braking events. Compared to the no device baseline, both devices increased lane position variability and resulted in higher self-reported perceived risk. Experiment II participants also considered that smartwatch use while driving deserves penalties equal to or less than smartphone use. The findings suggest that smartwatches may have road safety consequences. Given the common view among participants to associate smartwatch use with equal or less traffic penalties than smartphone use, there may be a disconnect between drivers' actual performance and their perceptions about smartwatch use while driving.","PeriodicalId":263095,"journal":{"name":"Multigenerational Online Behavior and Media Use","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116561732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“A Large Can of Worms”","authors":"L. Betts, K. Spenser","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch046","url":null,"abstract":"Digital technology use is increasingly impacting on the lives of young people. To gain a deeper understanding of the perceived impact of young people's digital technology use, 2 focus groups were conducted with 14 teachers recruited from 2 schools. The focus groups were transcribed verbatim and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The analysis revealed three themes: changing social dynamics, risk and (ir)responsible behaviour, and disclosure and reporting of cyber bullying. Participants discussed how digital technology was shaping young people's social identity and impacting on established norms when interacting in the social arena. A number of benefits were attributed to technology use but participants also recognised young people's naivety and tendency to anthropomorphise the internet. Finally, there was a perception that young people underreported their experiences of cyber bullying and some of the challenges faced when tackling cyber bullying were discussed.","PeriodicalId":263095,"journal":{"name":"Multigenerational Online Behavior and Media Use","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123881080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescents' Experiences of Cyberbullying","authors":"Minghui Gao, Xu Zhao, Mark McJunkin","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch072","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports a multi-method study that investigated adolescents' experiences of cyberbullying. Sixty-one students (grades 10-12) responded to a survey that requires answers of both quantitative and qualitative nature. Quantitative data were statistically analyzed to understand frequencies and compare gender and grade differences. Qualitative data were coded to identify themes. Results suggest that a substantial portion of adolescents have experienced cyberbullying of various types. Significant gender differences exist in cyberstalking, with girls being more likely than boys to be subject to cyberstalking. Significant grade related differences exist in cyberstalking and exclusion, with 12th graders more likely to be victims of cyberstalking and exclusion than 10th and 11th graders. The majority of adolescents are unwilling to report cyberbullying experiences to adults due to reasons including lack of awareness or underestimating the negative effect of cyberbullying, fear of adults' overreaction, and the desire to deal with the problem by themselves.","PeriodicalId":263095,"journal":{"name":"Multigenerational Online Behavior and Media Use","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126449516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile Security in Low-Income Households' Businesses","authors":"B. Chummun","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7909-0.ch038","url":null,"abstract":"A wide range of technologies impinges on all disciplines including financial services in this era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The deployment and security of mobile phones have considerably increased financial services access such as mobile money to the low-income households in developing African markets recently. The financial services that were once randomly accessible to those financially excluded have now become a potential pathway to enhance financial inclusion in allowing the low-income households to transact through mobile financial services in a more speedy, reliable, and secure manner. However, many security challenges remain to be addressed to promote a more inclusive mobile financial system. This chapter focuses on mobile devices security landscape and unprecedented security breaches by cyber criminals and how those threats can be mitigated in a view to promote financial inclusion in the mobile financial services sector of emerging African markets in the midst of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.","PeriodicalId":263095,"journal":{"name":"Multigenerational Online Behavior and Media Use","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121025632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}