IPS Interdisciplinary Journal of Biological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Prediction of aggressive tendencies from facial dimension and ratios: A Study on undergraduate students of Northeastern Nigeria","authors":"Aishatu Abubakar, Muhammad Bashir, Anas Ibrahim Yahaya, H. Tijjani","doi":"10.54117/iijbs.v3i1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54117/iijbs.v3i1.20","url":null,"abstract":"Facial dimensions and ratios are important anthropometric parameters which have been used over the years to define and predict some physical and social characteristics notably among human behaviour like aggression. However, there is a paucity of data regarding this link among the African population, particularly in Northeastern Nigeria where high cases of insurgency, banditry and some aggressive related criminalities are reported daily. The study aimed to determine how linear facial dimensions or ratios can specifically predict a self-reported form of aggression (physical, verbal, anger and hostility) among undergraduate students. A cross-sectional study design was adopted whereby a total of 400 (200 male and 200 female) adult undergraduate students aged between 16 to 30 years were randomly selected. A 2D facial images were used to determine facial biometrics (four linear facial dimensions ((n-sn, sn-gn, go-go and zy-gy) and five facial ratios {upper facial weight/lower facial height (UFW/LFH), upper facial weight/lower facial weight (UFW/LFW), upper facial weight/upper facial height (UFWUFH) and upper facial height/facial height (UFH/FH) and facial weight to height ratio (fWHR) - lower derived from the measured linear dimensions using a Sony digital camera DSC w380 and art face 3 software. Buss and Perry's aggression questionnaire was adopted, and scores for each aggression scale were recorded. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS software version 22 and Cronbach’s alpha for each scale above 0.70. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship of facial biometrics with aggressive tendencies. The study observed that lower facial height (sn-gn) significantly correlates with verbal aggression and anger irrespective of sex. Facial height (FH) also correlates with verbal aggression in both sexes, while fWHR correlates significantly with anger (AN) irrespective of sex. More so, lower facial height to facial height ratio (LFH/FH) correlates significantly with verbal aggression (VA) and anger (AN) irrespective of sex but correlates with the same in males only. Similarly, upper facial weight to lower facial height (UFW/LFH) correlates significantly with verbal aggression and anger irrespective of sex and with anger only in males. Stepwise multiple linear regression equations were formed for the parameters which showed a positive correlation with aggression and consequently UFW/LFH and UFW/LFW were the best predictors of aggressive tendencies (P = 0.01). Conclusively, facial characteristics are indicators of one’s mood and can weakly predict aggressive tendencies in an individual and may be useful to predict suitable partners in marriage, friendship, or recruitment exercise.","PeriodicalId":262195,"journal":{"name":"IPS Interdisciplinary Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141797193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the Presence of Potassium Bromates in Bread Samples Produced in Azare","authors":"Ibrahim Abbas, Usman A. Garkuwa, Abba M. Usman","doi":"10.54117/iijbs.v3i1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54117/iijbs.v3i1.23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction/background: To improve bread texture, taste, elasticity of the dough, appearance and sometimes aroma, some ingredients are usually added. However, these ingredients are known to produce adverse health effects over a period of time or if taking in large quantities. One of the commonest food additives is potassium bromate, due to its low cost and being the most efficient oxidizing agent, potassium bromate has been the common choice among bakers and flours millers to raise the dough elasticity and improve texture. Potassium bromate is known to produced reproductive damage, repeated exposure can cause bronchitis, irritability, impaired thinking, personality changes and damage to the kidneys. Larger than recommended quantities should therefore be avoided in processed foods such as bread. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the presence and the level of potassium bromate in some selected bread samples produced in Azare. Azare is the headquarter of Katagum Local government area of Bauchi state Nigeria. Methods: Bread samples were collected from nine different bakeries that were sited within Azare. And these are the major breads produced and consumed in Azare town and neighboring villages. The bread samples were subjected to both qualitative and quantitative assay to determine the presence and level of the potassium bromate. The qualitative assay was conducted using simple qualitative method where color change (yellow to purple) produces when potassium bromates react with potassium iodide indicate presence of the potassium bromate. While the concentration of the potassium bromate in the bread samples was determine using spectrophotometric analysis measured at 620 nm. The linear regression curve derived from the standard solutions of Potassium bromate was used to calculate the concentration of potassium bromate levels in the bread samples. Results: The results indicated that bread produced in 5 of the 9 bakeries used in this study contained potassium bromate level within the recommended FDA and NAFDAC permissible level of 0.02ug/g and below. While the remaining four samples contained potassium bromate level higher than the NAFDAC recommended level. Overall, the potassium bromate level across the selected bakeries in this study conducted in Azare town Katagum local government of Bauchi state Nigeria was found in range between -0.91ug/g to 0.40ug/g.","PeriodicalId":262195,"journal":{"name":"IPS Interdisciplinary Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141831655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Microbial and Physicochemical Properties of Compost Manure Made From Plant and Animal Materials in Ogwashi-Uku","authors":"T. O. Oni, Destiny C. Edward, O. V. Iloh, Chiweike Dokubo","doi":"10.54117/iijbs.v1i2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54117/iijbs.v1i2.6","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the microbial and physicochemical properties of compost manure made from plant and animal materials in Ogwashi-Uku. The sample includes cow dung, burnt corn husk, burnt coconut husk burnt plantain dusk, fishbone and eggshell. The physical qualities of the sample analysed, the moisture content for cow dung, burnt corn husk, burnt coconut husk, burnt plantain dusk, fishbone and eggshell were 29.01, 8.58, 29.15, 18.02, 20.33 and 7.20 respectively. The water absorption capacity for cow dung, burnt corn husk, burnt coconut husk, burnt plantain dusk, fish bone and eggshell were 66.00, 62.00, 67.00, 37.00, 50.00 and 90.00 respectively. The bulk density for cow dung, burnt corn husk, burnt coconut husk, burnt plantain dusk, fish bone and eggshell were 0.27, 0.42, 0.35 0.38, 0.19 and 0.74respectively. The porosity for cow dung, burnt corn husk, burnt coconut husk, burnt plantain dusk, fish bone and eggshell were 89.81, 84.15, 86.79, 85.66, 92.83 and 72. 18. The initial pH values for cow dung, burnt corn husk, burnt coconut husk, burnt plantain dusk, fish bone and eggshell were 7.95, 8.83, 8.77, 7. 33, 7.88 and 6.84respectively. The Rhizobia pH values for cow dung, burnt corn husk, burnt coconut husk, burnt plantain dusk, fish bone and eggshell were 8.28, 8.54, 8.52, 6.85, 8.23 and 8.42 respectively and the Azotobacter pH values for cow dung, burnt corn husk, burnt coconut husk, burnt plantain dusk, fishbone and eggshell were 8.33, 8.50, 8.55, 7.09, 8.15 and7.92 respectively.","PeriodicalId":262195,"journal":{"name":"IPS Interdisciplinary Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131334610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional Study of Multiple Antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus suis in Pigs and Environs","authors":"H. I. Iheukwumere, M. C. Iheukwumere","doi":"10.54117/iijbs.v1i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54117/iijbs.v1i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Streptococcus suis; a dominant specie found in pigs and environs, has been receiving drastically attention not only in causing human infections but also for its involvement in antibiotic resistance, of which 80% of these resistant genes are encoded in the plasmid. This study was undertaken to evaluate the plasmid curing potentials of some selected plant seed extracts against antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus suis isolated from pigs and environs. Samples were collected from different anatomical sites of the pigs and their environs and screened for the presence of Streptococcus suis using standard microbiological techniques. The resistant strains were detected by subjecting the isolates to an antibiotic susceptibility test using the disk diffusion method. The study revealed the presence of Streptococcus suis Q, Streptococcus suis R, Streptococcus suis S and Streptococcus suis Y, of which 24.14%, 100.00%, 41.67% and 39.23% of isolates Q, R, S and Y respectively that were resistant to antibiotics; 64.29%, 100.00% and 63.64% were multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) strains, and 61.76% of the resistant strains had MAR index greater than 0.2. From the above study, different strains of multiple antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus suis were isolated from pigs and environs, of which isolate Q was most predominant, especially in nasal samples.","PeriodicalId":262195,"journal":{"name":"IPS Interdisciplinary Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"340 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122974981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Research Funding and Development","authors":"Muhammad Akram, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, Zarfishan Riaz, D. Kaladhar, W. Elkhateeb, A. Swargiary, O. Adumanya, Yalemwork Amare, G. Rathod, E. Mbaye, Pragnesh B. Parmar, Chengming Fan, Pérez-Jorge David, Kubkomawa Hayatu Ibrahim, U. Isaac, Masoud Mirzaie, J. D. Méndez, G. Chelladurai, ,. S. Y. Isah, Gaweł Sołowski, Vanessa de Andrade Royo, M. Chavali, Johra Khan, C. Z. Uche, K. Patrick-Iwuanyanwu, M. Messaoudi, H. Tijjani, M. Olisah, J. C. Ifemeje, J. C. Chikwendu, U. Odoh, C. G. Awuchi","doi":"10.54117/iijbs.v1i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54117/iijbs.v1i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Research is a deliberate and systematic inquiry or investigation to establish a fact. Research could focus on any desired discipline like science, education, economy, administration, etc. Resources (e.g. humans, funds, equipment etc) are essential in any research, especially impactful research. Research forms an essential part of development for interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary application of new technologies and procedures. Progress and comfort of human beings are due to success in research outcomes in the society. In the modern world, every sector, like medical, engineering, and basic sciences improves daily and has achieved new horizons because of support from research funding. For comprehensive research and its utility for better progress and output, proper funding is required. This article highlights various research funding opportunities, sources, agencies, and their significance. The fundamental objective is to create awareness through the global involvement of a collaborative team of experts across the world to foster interdisciplinary research collaboration and joint funding applications for economic development. The authors in this paper are open to joint research and collaboration.","PeriodicalId":262195,"journal":{"name":"IPS Interdisciplinary Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126408420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Physical Exercise on Serum Electrolytes, Urea and Creatinine in Undergraduate Footballers in Anambra State, Nigeria","authors":"M. Olisah, Dim Catherine Nicholate","doi":"10.54117/iijbs.v1i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54117/iijbs.v1i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prolonged exercise leads to progressive water and electrolyte loss from the body as sweat is secreted to promote heat loss. The rate of sweating depends on many factors and is increased in proportion to the work rate and the environmental temperature and humidity. Prolong exercise could lead to an alteration in electrolyte concentrations and this could lead to deleterious effects in the body. Aim: To determine the effect of Physical Exercise on Serum Electrolytes Urea and Creatinine in undergraduate footballers in Anambra State. Method: Six football teams comprising of 11 players each were grouped into 3 sets. Each set containing 22 players was allowed to play football for at least 2hours with a 15 minutes break interval. They were allowed to take only 250mls water during this exercising period. Blood samples were collected from all the subjects prior to the exercise from anticubital veins with the subjects in sitting position. Post-Exercise blood Samples were collected within 5 minutes after and 2hrs after the exercise. The blood samples were also analyzed for serum electrolytes, urea and creatinine. Blood sample for calcium was collected after removing the tourniquet for 2 minutes. The serum concentrations of sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, chloride and calcium were estimated using ion-selective electrodes while urea and creatinine were estimated using standard colorimetric methods. Results: There was no significant difference in mean concentrations of serum electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl- and HCO3-) profile levels in pre-exercising subjects when compared with the post-exercising period. (P> 0.05). However, the mean levels of Ca2+ increased significantly in post-exercise period when compared with the pre-exercising condition (P < 0.05). The findings of this work suggest that short duration of exercise does not alter significantly the serum electrolytes.","PeriodicalId":262195,"journal":{"name":"IPS Interdisciplinary Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123787229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Four Local Species of Beans Consumed in South-eastern Nigeria on Selected Biochemical Indices of Wistar Albino Rats","authors":"J. C. Ifemeje, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, Chukwuemelie Z. Uche, Michael Chinedu Olisah, H. Tijjani, M. Akram, Johra Khan, K. Saravanan","doi":"10.54117/iijbs.v1i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54117/iijbs.v1i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The chemical composition and the effects of four local species of beans on the liver and kidney function of Wistar albino rats were examined. The four beans species are Cajanus Cajan, Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis, Phaseolus vulgaris L ‘Red kidney’, and Phaseolus vulgaris 'Black turtle’. The results obtained for the proximate composition analysis revealed that the protein content of the bean species was higher in P. vulgaris L ‘Red kidney’ (18.54±0.01a %), and P. vulgaris 'Black turtle’ (18.36±0.01a %) with no significant difference at P< 0.05. The phytochemical composition analysis revealed that the beans contain various phytochemicals including some anti-nutritional factors. The mineral composition analysis shows that V. u. subsp. Sesquipedalis had a higher level of minerals (4.80±4.43a mg/100g) followed by C. cajan (3.24±2.64b mg/100g). The experimental design comprises of 30 male Wistar albino rats distributed into 5 groups of 6 rats each. Each group except the control received 50g of normal rat feed + 100g of beans body weight. The effects of the beans species on the biochemical parameters suggest no adverse effects when compared to the control. Despite that, these beans contain high nutritional components that are of nutritional interest as as well as some anti-nutritional factors.","PeriodicalId":262195,"journal":{"name":"IPS Interdisciplinary Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124857517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}