Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum最新文献

{"title":"Utility of transcranial direct current stimulation in behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia","authors":"S. Rangarajan, Arathi Jnanasekharan, Zainab Panwala, V. Sreeraj, Preeti Sinha, P. Sivakumar, G. Venkatasubramanian","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_25_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_25_22","url":null,"abstract":"Behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is characterized by early onset of behavioral disturbances, the management of which pose challenges. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is an emerging modality of management of behavioral symptoms. In this article we describe a case series where transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was found to be beneficial in bvFTD.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"290 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115330324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social media use for the dissemination of mental health information by medical students","authors":"Dhwani Ravi, Suhas Chandran, P. Sreedaran","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_20_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_20_22","url":null,"abstract":"The huge explosion in the use of social media has come with its fair share of unique challenges and opportunities in the dissemination of mental health content. Several facets of the topic are specific to the use of social media by medical students. This article probes into the various benefits, risks, and opportunities presented by medical students' use of social media to disseminate mental health information. We also suggest possible interventions to be undertaken by the students, teachers, institutions, and state and national bodies.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121093204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health professionals and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer: Current scenario","authors":"Chidatma Arampady, Prabeesh Nair, M. Ragashree, M. Anusha, S. Mangalwedhe","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_15_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_15_21","url":null,"abstract":"Nearly 5% of population identify themselves as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ). It is important to know what constitutes this subset of the population and also know what constitutes human sexuality. Challenges faced by LGBTQ population are numerous and varied. Historically, they have been marginalized by the mental healthcare system and continue to be marginalized by some sections of the society. There is a higher prevalence of mental disorders and suicide in this population. Government and the mental health institutions in the country are taking numerous steps to overcome this lacuna, but there is still some way to go. Hence, mental health professionals should be sufficiently educated, equipped, and trained to provide adequate and affirming care for this population.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115792272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health issues and service delivery in COVID-19 quarantine facilities: A qualitative study","authors":"Mina Chandra, Gunja Sengupta, C. Rai, Satyam Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_29_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_29_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The rapid global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated quarantine as a public health measure but without planning for mental health support therein. The experience of mental health providers working in quarantine facilities can help plan provision of mental health support in similar settings. Methods: The experience of providing mental health care in six quarantine facilities in Delhi shared by three psychiatrists, six clinical psychologists, two psychiatric social workers through written communication, and in-depth interviews was subjected to thematic analysis. Results: The main psychosocial themes among quarantined persons were loneliness, missing home and family, worry regarding COVID-19-related issues (education, livelihood, career, finances due to accompanying lockdown, and anticipated economic recession), irritability, denial for the need to quarantine, depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Cognitive distortions (minimization and magnification), apprehension about getting infected, and health-related anxiety were also noted. Non-pharmacological interventions included psychoeducation, supportive psychotherapy, sleep hygiene, cognitive behavior therapy, mindfulness, motivation enhancement therapy, recreational activities, relaxation training, and stress management techniques in individual and group settings. Pharmacological interventions were limited to the continuation of psychotropic medications for stable patients, medications for migraine/headache, insomnia, and nicotine replacement therapy. The mental health providers were themselves concerned about getting infected, availability of personal protective equipment and transport (due to lockdown). Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic has provided mental health professionals a unique opportunity to provide mental health support to quarantined persons but without any defined template. The paper fills the gap and can help in planning the provision of mental health support care in quarantine facilities.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121547466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurological Soft Signs in Patients with Psychotic Symptoms and without Psychotic Symptoms: A Direct Comparison","authors":"Ambika Kabade, Narayan R. Mutalik","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_23_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_23_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The neurological abnormalities known as neurological soft signs (NSSs), which manifest in some mentally ill individuals, are categorized as “soft” to represent a lack of precise cerebral location. They consist of inhibitory, motor, and sensory disorders. Aims: (i) To assess the NSS and compare their prevalence in patients with psychotic and non-psychotic symptoms, (ii) To determine the relationship between NSS and other sociodemographic characteristics. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 50 patients with psychotic symptoms (schizophrenia, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and bipolar affective disorder) and 50 patients with non-psychotic symptoms (anxiety, depressive, dissociative, and somatoform disorder) disorders were examined by a psychiatrist and diagnosed using the International Classification of Diseases 10 criteria. The patients were separated into two groups: psychotic and non-psychotic, and they were assessed using a 26-item Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES) to get their NSS score, which was then compared between the two groups. Results: In our study, the sample was dominated by females (n = 57), with a mean age of 35.38 ± 10.74 years. Patients with psychotic symptoms had a statistically higher mean NES score than patients without psychotic symptoms (20.62 ± 13.34 and 9.12 ± 4.91, respectively, p< .05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that psychotic patients have higher NES scores and the severity of NSS could be useful in the phenotypic characterization of patients with psychotic symptoms and identification of vulnerability in patients with non-psychotic symptoms.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128294021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study of psychological distress among migrant workers in North Karnataka during lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"A. Pandurangi, Swapna A. Pandurangi, Mahesh Mahadevaiah, Suruchi Sonkar, S. Mangalwedhe, S. Hiremath, T. Tejaswi","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_11_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_11_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 pandemic might have caused an upsurge in psychological issues in the populace. Susceptible individuals are at higher risk of developing psychological manifestations. Migrants are among one of the most susceptible groups and are at increased risk of psychiatric morbidity. Materials and Methods: All the migrants who were given shelter in the government-sponsored shelter facilities in the city of Hubli‒Dharwad during the government-declared lockdown were invited to be part of the study and were evaluated by two psychiatrists for psychiatric morbidity. Psychological distress was evaluated using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. The data were tabulated and analyzed using the descriptive statistics, “t” test for continuous variables, and Chi-square test for categorical variables. Results: Two hundred and forty-two migrants (223 males and 19 females) were evaluated. Majority were from the southern states of India, aged 30 years or older, and were unskilled laborers. Psychological distress was present in 8.7% of the sample, mostly in migrants from the southern states. Migrant workers farther from their domicile State reported lesser distress than workers from within the Karnataka State. Psychological distress was found to be higher among older migrants more than 30 years of age, whereas younger migrants reported lower psychological distress than migrants above 30 years. Substance abuse, especially nicotine, was common and high among the majority of migrants. Conclusion: Disadvantaged populaces such as migrants, especially those who were from the same zone of origin (south) and older (more than 30 years of age), were associated with higher psychological distress. Migrants who were single, with lower education levels and lower skill levels, were associated with a present diagnosis of mental illness. Among major mental illnesses, depression was the most common diagnosis after nicotine dependence. Nicotine dependence was more prevalent than alcohol dependence. Policymakers should keep the psychological distress of such vulnerable population in mind, which can help in taking appropriate policy measures during calamities such as the COVID-19 pandemic to ensure holistic care.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122404536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypersexual behavior as a predominant presenting symptom of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis with incidental multicystic scrotal mass finding: A case report and brief review","authors":"S. Thippaiah, Asmit Sanghera, Carol H. Olson","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_32_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_32_22","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) encephalitis is an autoimmune encephalitis that commonly presents with various neurobehavioral symptoms. Anti-NMDAr encephalitis is known to occur more commonly in young females with teratoma. In this case, we report a rare presentation of hypersexual behavior in a 21-year-old African-American male, with an incidental finding of multicystic scrotal mass, who was also diagnosed with anti-NMDAr encephalitis. The patient had no significant past psychiatric or medical history and presented for psychiatric hospitalization with severe hypersexual behavior, aggression, disorganized thoughts, and fluctuating confusion as characterized by forgetfulness, disorientation, and distractibility, with poor response to various psychiatric medications. His laboratory tests and imaging studies were unremarkable. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed anti-NMDAr antibodies. Prompt treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone significantly improved the symptoms. This case illustrates that clinicians should be aware that nonspecific symptom such as hypersexual behavior may also be a predominant presenting symptom in anti-NMDAr encephalitis.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116651897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention for Technology use among Families with Adolescents: A Case Series","authors":"Ashwini Tadpatrikar, M. Sharma, S. Shantharaju, P. Thakur","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_10_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_10_21","url":null,"abstract":"Family intervention has an important role in promotion of healthy use of technology. The two families who had concerns about their children's use of technology sought help on how to handle it. The internet addiction test (IAT) was used for screening purposes, and the McMaster model was used to assess family functioning. Family variables such as poor communication, increased negative expressed emotions, and diminished family cohesiveness were found to be the maintaining factors. Both families received systemic and structural therapy, with the outcomes indicating a decrease in excessive use of technology and an increase in family communication, positive expressed emotions, and overall increased family cohesiveness. The case study emphasizes the importance of family intervention programs in the treatment of technology addiction.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124146845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide reporting in electronic and print media; An observational study","authors":"Yogya Akkineni, A. Kakunje","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_12_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_12_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in India. The effect of suicide reporting in mass media like print and digital platforms is prominent as its reach is vast, fast, and impacts different kinds of individuals. We aimed to analyze suicide reporting in India in national and regional newspapers and electronic media. Materials and Methods: Suicide reporting in six national and regional newspapers and one online english news portal in India were studied by the first author from August to November 2020 after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. All the suicide reports from the mentioned newspapers and online web portal were considered on all days of the month and inspection was done manually and compared against ten points of a standard reporting after evaluating various guidelines on suicide reporting. The percentage-wise compliance of the suicide reporting guidelines was deciphered and inferential analysis was conducted. Results: Nearly 100% of all the suicide reports were non-compliant in at least one of the parameters. The parameter with the maximum non-compliance was “Suicide Helpline,” i.e., 98% of the analyzed reports did not mention any means to seek help or did not provide adequate information to do so. About 94% of the reports mentioned personal information in one way or other while 86% of the reports attributed the suicide to one particular stressor. The total non-compliance score for print and electronic media was 58% and 61%, respectively. The non-compliance score of both national level print newspapers and that of regional-level print newspapers was 58%. Conclusion: Given the high rates of non-compliance to suicide reporting guidelines by the print and electronic media, they need to be sensitized to the responsibility they carry regarding suicide reporting and the guidelines can only be formulated as a collaborative effort between media personnel and health care professionals to achieve their common goal.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115331652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Committed: Dispatches from a psychiatrist in training: A book review","authors":"Shalaka Chatorikar, S. Shenoy","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_9_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_9_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116470160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}