Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum最新文献

{"title":"Skin Picking as a Form of Non-Suicidal Self-Harm in a Patient with Borderline Personality Disorder: A Case Report","authors":"S. Chatorikar, A. Purohith, Savitha Soman","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_37_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_37_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive Functions, Processing Speed, and Memory Performance: Untangling the Age-related Effects","authors":"Bhaswati Saikia, Ravikesh Tripathi","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_13_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_13_23","url":null,"abstract":"Age-related decline in memory function is a universal phenomenon. However, several factors are known to affect memory decline associated with aging. The present research aimed to study the differences between young adults and older adults in neurocognitive functions. It also aimed to examine the relative contribution of aging and executive functions to memory performance. The sample consisted of two groups: 43 young adults and 40 older adults. Participants were selected from the community using purposive sampling. Each participant underwent screening using the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, Modified Mini Screen, and Global Cognitive Screen. A detailed neuropsychological assessment was individually conducted using standardized measures of executive functions, processing speed, episodic memory, and semantic memory. We examined group differences between younger and older participants using the Mann Whitney U test. Additionally, we investigated the contributions of age, processing speed, and executive function to memory through stepwise multiple regression analysis. Analysis of the results suggests significantly worse performance by older participants compared to younger participants on learning and memory (p<.001), semantic memory (p<.001), processing speed (p<.001), and executive functions (p<.001). Our results further indicate that age, processing speed, and executive functions were associated with better performance in learning and memory. However, age emerged as the strongest predictor, followed by processing speed and working memory. Our study demonstrates that aging plays the most significant role in predicting the decline of learning and memory, as well as semantic memory. However, executive functions and processing speed can differentially influence age-associated memory decline. Future studies are warranted on larger populations and more diverse age groups to better comprehend the differential roles of speed, executive functions, and aging on memory performance. We recommend developing age- and education-based normative data for neuropsychological tools specifically tailored to the Indian population.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"27 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lived Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence and Help-seeking among Wives of Persons with Alcohol Dependence: A Thematic Analysis","authors":"Chinnadurai Periyasamy, S. Ezhumalai, M. Vranda, Gitanjali Narayanan, Arun Kandasamy","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_17_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_17_23","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide, intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health problem. Most of the wives of persons with alcohol dependence (PwAD) experience IPV in their lifetime. The study examined lived experiences of IPV among wives of PwAD. Qualitative research study design was used. Twenty participants were recruited using the consecutive sampling method. The researcher used an in-depth interview guide to collect the data. ATLAS.ti.9 software was used to analyse the qualitative data. Thematic analysis was used for coding and emerging themes. The thematic analysis yielded four themes generated from the in-depth interview: (1) reasons for the IPV, (2) help-seeking, (3) barriers in help-seeking and (4) coping with IPV. Survivors of IPV do not seek help due to self-stigma, unavailable resources, and lack of awareness about treatment for alcohol dependence. Clinicians should routinely screen for IPV among female spouses of persons with alcohol-dependent syndrome and provide psychosocial interventions for the survivors of IPV.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"22 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prescription Pattern of Antipsychotics in Patients with Schizophrenia: An Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rural Karnataka","authors":"Nameerah Javed, Benison Binny, Dafney Viola Sequeira, Vinod K. Mathew, Kasthuri Pandiyan","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_41_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_41_23","url":null,"abstract":"Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric condition that affects approximately 24 million people worldwide. The complex pathophysiology of schizophrenia presents various challenges for researchers and doctors. Therefore, it is crucial to curate robust pharmacotherapy for patients with schizophrenia to ease their symptoms. Establishing proper standards for patient care requires an ammunition of research studies done on the disease and its therapy, upon which health-care practitioners can rely for future patient care. Unfortunately, there is a void of adequate research studies done on understanding the prescription patterns of schizophrenia in India, especially in rural areas. To improve patient outcomes, there is a need for increased research on this particular subject. The aim of this study was to assess the prescription pattern of antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia at a tertiary care hospital in rural Karnataka. This is an observational study carried out in MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bengaluru, India. The study included a total of 139 inpatients, regardless of their age and sex, who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia. The study was conducted for a period of 6 months, from February 2022 to July 2022. Data collection involved a case record form (CRF) designed for assessing treatment patterns. An investigator was assigned to the Department of Psychiatry, where patients with schizophrenia were discovered and after reviewing their medication chart, necessary data were filled into the CRF. The obtained data were then compiled and assessed. Paranoid schizophrenia was the major subclass (90.0%). The prescription pattern showed that second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) were prescribed more than first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs), 112 (81.29%) and 41 (29.5%) prescriptions, respectively. In SGAs, tablet olanzapine received the most prescriptions which was 42 (30.22%). Tablet haloperidol was the major FGA to be prescribed receiving 18 prescriptions (12.95%). This study also included the assessment of combination drugs which showed that tablet risperidone + tablet trihexyphenidyl was the most prescribed combination drug 118 (78.43%). Our study showed that our findings aligned with several similar studies and also differed from a few, underscoring the need for further research and individualized treatment approaches to manage this complex psychiatric disorder.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"24 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need for Developing Unified Workplace Mental Health Screening Tool for the Indian Population: Commenting on the Tool to Assess and Classify Work-Related Stress-16","authors":"Rakesh Balachandar, A. Ketharam, S. Bharath","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_22_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_22_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":" 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isotretinoin Treatment for Lithium-associated Acne in Bipolar Affective Disorder: A Case Report","authors":"Anjali Prakash, A. Purohith, S. Shenoy, R. Appaji, R. Bhandary, P. S. V. N. Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_32_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_32_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139172646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Episodic Obsessive–Compulsive and Related Disorder Symptoms and Pica in Recurrent Depressive Disorder","authors":"Sheena Agarwal, A. Purohith, Savitha Soman, Anil Kumar M. Nagaraj","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_34_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_34_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"155 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spiritual-religious coping in patients with schizophrenia: A qualitative analysis","authors":"B. Malathesh, Soumitra Das, Seshadri Sekhar Chatterjee, S. Mitra, V. Punnoose","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_55_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_55_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Spiritual and religious ways of coping are adaptive for individuals battling schizophrenia in the face of various illness-related factors. Related research is mainly focused on those with acute symptoms. Schizophrenia and a qualitative analysis of the connotation of spirituality-religiosity (SR) in processing illness-related difficulties in Indian context is sparse. This study analyzed how the SR helps people with schizophrenia to handle various day-to-day challenges in life. Methods: A qualitative approach was adopted, and consenting patients were asked open-ended questions. Data collected from these in-depth interviews with 15 individuals with schizophrenia and currently in remission were analyzed according to a predetermined model. Data were collected and analyzed based on grounded theory principles. Results: Twelve out of 15 of the individuals regarded SR as an inherent part of their well-being. At a personal level, the descriptions reflected a tendency toward achieving inner peace, meaning, and purpose in life; whereas at social/interpersonal levels, it was more about acceptance and seeking other's support. These individuals regarded SR as a way of sharing love, care, and support, which would further help them in handling difficulties and accepting responsibilities. Conclusion: A well-formed SR belief system helps the patients with schizophrenia to navigate better through the day-to-day life stressors by changing the ways of coping.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115288511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particulate matter 2.5 – Muddling the healthy brain","authors":"A. Menon, G. Sandhya, Ashvin Varadharajan, Pooja Rai, Jonas S. Sundarakumar, T. Issac","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_7_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_7_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133961857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological evaluation and perception of risk in primary caregivers of in-patients with COVID-19","authors":"Mahesh Mahadevaiah, A. Pandurangi, N. Divyashree, Swapna A. Pandurangi, Vinuta Angadi, KS Ramprasad","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_48_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_48_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The surge of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases during the second wave of the pandemic has presented newer challenges such as psychological distress in caregivers which could be due to the burden of caregiving and uncertainties that prevailed due to the pandemic. Methods: Risk perception and psychological distress were evaluated using COVID-19 Pandemic mental health Questionnaire in the consenting caregivers of COVID-19 bronchopneumonia affected in-patients at a tertiary hospital. The scores were tabulated and analyzed using Chi-square and ANOVA tests. Results: Out of 92 participants, 60 (65.2%) were below the age of 40 years. Majority, were males (73.9%), belonged to the Hindu religion (91.3%), married (82.6%), educated up to college (62%), and from urban background (69.6%). Younger participants (<40 years) tended to disagree about the severe consequences of COVID-19 on their health (p = .008). Participants who studied up to college had lesser fear of infecting others (p = .016). Married participants had lesser fear of getting infected (p = .006). Non-essential service providers had lesser fear of contracting infection (p = .014), infecting others (p = .048), and death of people close to them (p < .001). Younger participants (<40 years) felt less burdened by quarantine (p = .005), worries about contracting infection (p = .006), and by the thoughts that it would be better to be dead (p = .025). Male participants tended to worry less regarding health (p = .007) and expressed lesser concerns over personal safety (p = .050). Participants, with less worries of being infected, the likelihood of being infected and infecting others, had lesser upsetting dreams about the pandemic (p < .001, .001 and .006 respectively). Conclusion: Primary caregivers of patients admitted with COVID-19 bronchopneumonia experience significant psychological distress. Lesser risk perception and psychological distress were noted in young, married males from urban background with graduate degree involved in nonessential services with no preexisting psychological co-morbidities. Population with one or more risk factors needs psychological evaluation which will ensure comprehensive care of the affected family.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128833099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}