Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles最新文献

{"title":"Cryptographic sealing for information secrecy and authentication","authors":"D. Gifford","doi":"10.1145/800216.806599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800216.806599","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of computer security can be considered to consist of four distinct components: secrecy (ensuring that information is only disclosed to authorized users), authentication (ensuring that information is not forged), integrity (ensuring that information is not destroyed), and availability (ensuring that access to information can not be maliciously interrupted). The paper describes a new protection mechanism called cryptographic sealing that provides primitives for secrecy and authentication. The mechanism is enforced with a synthesis of classical cryptography, public-key cryptography, and a threshold scheme.","PeriodicalId":262012,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121139104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A distributed UNIX system based on a virtual circuit switch","authors":"G. Luderer, H. Che, J. P. Haggerty, P. A. Kirslis, W. T. Marshall","doi":"10.1145/800216.806604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800216.806604","url":null,"abstract":"The popular UNIXTM operating system provides time-sharing service on a single computer. This paper reports on the design and implementation of a distributed UNIX system. The new operating system consists of two components: the S-UNIX subsystem provides a complete UNIX process environment enhanced by access to remote files; the F-UNIX subsystem is specialized to offer remote file service. A system can be configured out of many computers which operate either under the S-UNIX or the F-UNIX operating subsystem. The file servers together present the view of a single global file system. A single-service view is presented to any user terminal connected to one of the S-UNIX subsystems. Computers communicate with each other through a high-bandwidth virtual circuit switch. Small front-end processors handle the data and control protocol for error and flow-controlled virtual circuits. Terminals may be connected directly to the computers or through the switch. Operational since early 1980, the system has served as a vehicle to explore virtual circuit switching as the basis for distributed system design. The performance of the communication software has been a focus of our work. Performance measurement results are presented for user process level and operating system driver level data transfer rates, message exchange times, and system capacity benchmarks. The architecture offers reliability and modularly growable configurations. The communication service offered can serve as the foundation for different distributed architectures.","PeriodicalId":262012,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122298207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LOCUS a network transparent, high reliability distributed system","authors":"G. Popek, Bruce J. Walker, J. M. Chow, D. A. Edwards, C. Kline, G. Rudisin, G. Thiel","doi":"10.1145/800216.806605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800216.806605","url":null,"abstract":"LOCUS is a distributed operating system that provides a very high degree of network transparency while at the same time supporting high performance and automatic replication of storage. By network transparency we mean that at the system call interface there is no need to mention anything network related. Knowledge of the network and code to interact with foreign sites is below this interface and is thus hidden from both users and programs under normal conditions. LOCUS is application code compatible with Unix2, and performance compares favorably with standard, single system Unix. LOCUS runs on a high bandwidth, low delay local network. It is designed to permit both a significant degree of local autonomy for each site in the network while still providing a network-wide, location independent name structure. Atomic file operations and extensive synchronization are supported. Small, slow sites without local mass store can coexist in the same network with much larger and more powerful machines without larger machines being slowed down through forced interaction with slower ones. Graceful operation during network topology changes is supported.","PeriodicalId":262012,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129435066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WSCLOCK—a simple and effective algorithm for virtual memory management","authors":"Richard Carr, J. Hennessy","doi":"10.1145/800216.806596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800216.806596","url":null,"abstract":"A new virtual memory management algorithm WSCLOCK has been synthesized from the local working set (WS) algorithm, the global CLOCK algorithm, and a new load control mechanism for auxiliary memory access. The new algorithm combines the most useful feature of WS—a natural and effective load control that prevents thrashing—with the simplicity and efficiency of CLOCK. Studies are presented to show that the performance of WS and WSCLOCK are equivalent, even if the savings in overhead are ignored.","PeriodicalId":262012,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130000820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BRUWIN: An adaptable design strategy for window manager/virtual terminal systems","authors":"N. Meyrowitz, M. Moser","doi":"10.1145/800216.806607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800216.806607","url":null,"abstract":"With only one process viewable and operational at any moment, the standard terminal forces the user to continually switch between contexts. Yet this is unnatural and counter-intuitive to the normal working environment of a desk where the worker is able to view and base subsequent actions on multiple pieces of information. The window manager is an emerging computing paradigm which allows the user to create multiple terminals on the same viewing surface and to display and act upon these simultaneous processes without loss of context. Though several research efforts in the past decade have introduced window managers, they have been based on the design or major overhaul of a language or operating system; the window manager becomes a focus of—rather than a tool of—the system. While many of the existing implementations provide wide functionality, most implementations and their associated designs are not readily available for common use; extensibility is minimal. This paper describes the design and implementation of BRUWIN, the BRown University WINdow manager, stressing how such a design can be adapted to a variety of computer systems and output devices, ranging from alphanumeric terminals to high-resolution raster graphics displays. The paper first gives a brief overview of the general window manager paradigm and existing examples. Next we present an explanation of the user-level functions we have chosen to include in our general design. We then describe the structure and design of a window manager, outlining the five important parts in detail. Finally, we describe our current implementation and provide a sample session to highlight important features.","PeriodicalId":262012,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133435680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grapevine: An exercise in distributed computing","authors":"A. Birrell, R. Levin, R. Needham, M. D. Schroeder","doi":"10.1145/800216.806606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800216.806606","url":null,"abstract":"Grapevine is a distributed, replicated system running on a large internet within the Xerox research and development community. The internet extends from coast to coast in the USA, to Canada and to Europe, and contains more than 50 Ethernet local networks linked by leased telephone lines. Over 1500 computers are attached to the internet. Most computers are used an personal workstations, but some are used as servers providing access to shared facilities such as printers, large-scale secondary storage, or data bases. Computers on the internet are uniformly addressable using the PUP family of protocols.","PeriodicalId":262012,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130171359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Converting a swap-based system to do paging in an architecture lacking page-referenced bits","authors":"Özalp Babaoglu, W. Joy","doi":"10.1145/800216.806595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800216.806595","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the modifications made to the UNIX operating system for the VAX-11/780 to convert it from a swap-based segmented system to a paging-based virtual memory system. Of particular interest is that the host machine architecture does not include page-referenced bits. We discuss considerations in the design of page-replacement and load-control policies for such an architecture, and outline current work in modeling the policies employed by the system. We describe our experience with the chosen algorithms based on benchmark-driven studies and production system use.","PeriodicalId":262012,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116379312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of two network-based file servers","authors":"James G. Mitchell, Jeremy Dion","doi":"10.1145/800216.806590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800216.806590","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares two working file servers in terms of their design goals, implementation issues, performance, and service experience. One server, the Xerox Distributed File System (XDFS) [10], was built at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center; the other, the Cambridge File Server (CFS) [2, 3, 4], was built at the Cambridge University Computer Laboratory. Both file servers support concurrent random access to files over a network, and each offers an atomic transaction mechanism covering modifications to files.","PeriodicalId":262012,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127985130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The iMAX-432 object filing system","authors":"F. Pollack, K. C. Kahn, Roy M. Wilkinson","doi":"10.1145/800216.806602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800216.806602","url":null,"abstract":"iMAX is the operating system for Intel's iAPX-432 computer system. The iAPX-4321 is an object-oriented multiprocessor architecture that supports capability-based addressing. The object filing system is that part of iMAX that implements a permanent reliable object store. In this paper we describe the key elements of the iMAX object filing system design. We first contrast the concept of an object filing system with that of a conventional file system. We then describe the iMAX design paying particular attention to five problems that other object filing designs have either solved inadequately or failed to address. Finally, we discuss an effect of object filing on the programming semantics of Ada.","PeriodicalId":262012,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114790044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A unified model and implementation for interprocess communication in a multiprocessor environment","authors":"G. Cox, W. Corwin, K. Lai, F. Pollack","doi":"10.1145/800216.806600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800216.806600","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes interprocess communication and process dispatching on the Intel 432. The primary assets of the facility are its generality and its usefulness in a wide range of applications. The conceptual model, supporting mechanisms, available interfaces, current implementations, and absolute and comparative performance are described. The Intel 432 is an object-based multiprocessor. There are two processor types: General Data Processors (GDPs) and Interface Processors (IPs). These processors provide several operating system functions in hardware by defining and using a number of processor-recognized objects and high-level instructions. In particular, they use several types of processor-recognized objects to provide a unified structure for both interprocess communication and process dispatching. One of the prime motivations for providing this level of hardware support is to improve efficiency of these facilities over similar facilities implemented in software. With greater efficiency, they become more practically useful [Stonebraker 81]. The unification allows these traditionally separate facilities to be described by a single conceptual model and implemented by a single set of mechanisms. The 432 model is based on using objects to play roles. The roles are those of requests and servers. In general, a request is a petition for some service and a server is an agent that performs the requested service. Various types of objects are used to represent role-players. The role played by an object may change over time. The type and state of an object determines what role it is playing at any given instant. For any particular class of request, based upon type and state, there is typically a corresponding class of expected server. The request/server model may be applied to a number of common communication situations. In the full paper, several situations are discussed: one-way requestor to server, two-way requestor to server to requestor, nondistinguished requestors, resource source selectivity, nondistinguished servers, and mutual exclusion. While the model embodies most of the essential aspects of the 432's interprocess communication and process dispatching facilities, it leaves a great many practical questions unanswered. The full paper describes our solutions to those problems which often stand between an apparently good model and a successful implementation, namely: binding, queue structure, queuing disciplines, blocking, vectoring, dispatching mixes, and hardware/software cooperation. With an understanding of the mechanisms employed, the paper then reviews the instruction interface to and potential uses of the port mechanism. This instruction interface is provided by seven instructions: SEND, RECEIVE, CONDITIONAL SEND, CONDITIONAL RECEIVE, SURROGATE SEND, SURROGATE RECEIVE, and DELAY. The implementations of the port mechanism are then discussed. The port mechanism is implemented in microcode on both the GDP and IP. Although the microarchitecture","PeriodicalId":262012,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles","volume":"391 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133288940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}