{"title":"Traceability and impact analysis in requirement verification","authors":"L. Buffoni, A. Pop, Alachew Mengist","doi":"10.1145/3158191.3158207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3158191.3158207","url":null,"abstract":"Seamless tracing of the requirements and associating them with the models and the simulation results is becoming increasingly important. This can be used to support several activities such as variant handling, impact analysis, component reuse, verification, and validation. This work in progress paper presents an approach for combining traceability with requirement verification in Modelica. Traceability is supported via the OSLC specification standard combined with Git version control system. All operations on artifacts of interest are traced. Currently, the traceability data is stored in a graph database which can be queried for generating various reports such as impact analysis, variant handling, etc.","PeriodicalId":261856,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127199859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Code generation for STM32F4 boards with Modelica device drivers","authors":"L. Berger, Martin Sjölund, Bernhard Thiele","doi":"10.1145/3158191.3158204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3158191.3158204","url":null,"abstract":"With the modeling, simulation and code generation of mixed continuous/discrete models in Modelica, a development approach becomes feasible which addresses one of the core challenges in cyber-physical systems. The aim is to achieve a simulation of the embedded system model in a physical environment model, before its deployment on real hardware. Based on the already existing support for Arduino boards, an effort has been started for supporting code-generation from Modelica models for STM32F4 boards. In this paper the concept will be explained. Basically Modelica's C-interface and the experimental low-footprint embedded code generation of OpenModelica is used for generating code for the main function. The support for the STM32F4 family is realized with the C-interface functions using the hardware abstraction layer (HAL) application programming interface (API) STM32F4CUBE from ST Microelectronics.","PeriodicalId":261856,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133420051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Danós, Willi Braun, P. Fritzson, A. Pop, H. Scolnik, R. Castro
{"title":"Towards an OpenModelica-based sensitivity analysis platform including optimization-driven strategies","authors":"A. Danós, Willi Braun, P. Fritzson, A. Pop, H. Scolnik, R. Castro","doi":"10.1145/3158191.3158206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3158191.3158206","url":null,"abstract":"Parameter sensitivity analysis is a core activity to assess the robustness of dynamical models with regard to unreliable parameters. This becomes critical for nonlinear models with many parameters subject to large uncertainties. In such contexts too often numerical experimentation is required due to the lack of analytic expressions for the derivatives of state variables with respect to parameters. A naive sweeping of the full parameter space is usually not an option due to combinatorial explosion. In this work we present OMSens, an open platform to assess the sensitivity of Modelica models tailored to work with OpenModelica. OMSens uses different methods to sensitivity analysis including an approach based on derivate-free non-linear optimization. This is a new approach not previously used in Modelica tools which provides important advantages such as robustness and applicability to models for which the derivatives of state variables don't exist or are not available. We tested OMSens with a Modelica version of World3, a large nonlinear socio-economic model. OMSens was effective to pinpoint a nonintuitive subset of parameters that, when perturbed within small ranges, yield strong changes on key state variables.","PeriodicalId":261856,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127657454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the terminology and structuring of co-simulation methods","authors":"I. Hafner, N. Popper","doi":"10.1145/3158191.3158203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3158191.3158203","url":null,"abstract":"The need for holistic simulation of complex systems becomes more and more apparent, arising from different fields of application and approached by different scientific methods. This paper addresses the differences in terminology arising from these various origins, the levels on which they meet as well as an attempt on the classification and structuring of current state-of-the-art methods.","PeriodicalId":261856,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130552226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compile-time dynamic and recursive data structures in Modelica","authors":"Matthias Hellerer, Fabian Buse","doi":"10.1145/3158191.3158205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3158191.3158205","url":null,"abstract":"The current Modelica Standard (v3.3) does not support dynamic or recursive data structures. For many applications this constitutes a serious restriction rendering certain implementations either impossible or requires elaborate and unelegant constructs. In this paper we will show that support for dynamic and recursive data structures can be implemented in the Modelica IDE Dymola using a variety of advanced constructs. This proves the principle viability of the then proposed inclusion of those data structures in the Modelica Standard.","PeriodicalId":261856,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools","volume":"156 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117285342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elaborate control: variable-structure modeling from an operational perspective","authors":"Christoph Höger","doi":"10.1145/3158191.3158198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3158191.3158198","url":null,"abstract":"Much effort has been put into the modeling and simulation of variable-structure systems, and there is a consensus on the intuition of viewing a variable-structure model as a hybrid automaton that consists of several modes. Each mode corresponds to a classical static-structure model and events control the transitions between modes. Usually, the number of modes is considered to be finite and small in practice. This assumption conflicts with the composition of models, that easily generates a large number of potential modes. We argue that variable-structure modeling equals a form of explicit control over the process of elaboration and simulation and that this control should be exposed, carefully, to the modeler. This feature allows writing models with a practically unlimited number of modes. We provide a core calculus that defines the language primitives for this task and then integrate elements from that calculus into Modelica, enabling straightforward modeling of variable-structure systems in this established modeling language.","PeriodicalId":261856,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128626402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Collision handling with variable-step integrators","authors":"A. Neumayr, M. Otter","doi":"10.1145/3158191.3158193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3158191.3158193","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with collision handling of many convex shapes in offline simulations of Modelica-like object-oriented models, using variable-step integrators with error control. Hereby, it is assumed that collisions appear only from time to time and/or that path planning algorithms shall utilize the provided information for collision avoidance. Improvements to the Minkowski Portal Refinement (MPR) algorithm are proposed, as well as enhancements so that zero-crossing functions can be provided for the integrator in order to trigger events when contact starts and ends. The algorithms are demonstrated with a prototype implemented with the Julia programming language.","PeriodicalId":261856,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130164841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abstract modelling: towards a typed declarative language for the conceptual modelling phase","authors":"D. Legatiuk, H. Nilsson","doi":"10.1145/3158191.3158202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3158191.3158202","url":null,"abstract":"The growing complexity of modern engineering tasks necessitates improved tool support for modelling, in particular tools allowing early detection of modelling errors. Broadly, there are two classes of modelling errors: (i) errors related to abstract modelling, e.g. conceptual errors concerning the coherence of a model as a whole, and (ii) errors related to concrete modelling, e.g. questions of approximation quality and implementation. Concrete modelling errors are relatively well understood, but abstract modelling errors less so. If, however, abstract modelling errors could be detected early, before concrete implementation starts, this would be very beneficial. Unfortunately, existing engineering tools, like current modelling languages, do not support modelling in the abstract well, leaving a gap in the engineering tool chain. To overcome this problem, this paper presents a first step towards a language supporting abstract modelling in mathematical physics with the aim of ensuring coherence of coupled multiphysics models early in the design process. To that end, following the approach of Functional Hybrid Modelling, we discuss how a language supporting quite general modelling equations can be realised as an embedding in Haskell. The appeal of the approach is that only few core concepts are needed, simplifying the semantics, and that much of the language infrastructure comes for free thanks to embedding.","PeriodicalId":261856,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132059553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Representations of equation-based models are not created equal","authors":"Alexander Pollok, A. Klöckner, D. Zimmer","doi":"10.1145/3158191.3158200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3158191.3158200","url":null,"abstract":"For equation-based modelling languages, modelling experts have many degrees of freedom when building a model from scratch. One of the most basic choices the expert faces is the mode of representation. The same system can be represented for instance as a block-diagram, by writing down the physical equations, by writing an algorithm, or by graphically connecting ready-made subcomponents. To give some guidance in this aspect, an experiment was conducted to measure the effects of different representations on various tasks. Participants had to identify models and predict their transient response. Both the time to execute the task and the correctness of the answer were measured. Participants also had to rate their confidence regarding the models. Results showed that tasks were executed much faster for graphical representations than for block-digrams. Equation-based and algorithm-based models can be grouped in the middle. The same results hold for rated confidence. Interestingly, the amount of errors was similar for all representations. Apparently, modelling experts largely compensate for difficulty by taking their time.","PeriodicalId":261856,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129275299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the importance of scaling in equation-based modelling","authors":"F. Casella, Willi Braun","doi":"10.1145/3158191.3158192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3158191.3158192","url":null,"abstract":"Equation-based modelling languages adopt a declarative modelling approach, focused on writing the model equations in a clear way and leaving the task of deriving efficient simulation code to the tool. One aspect of declarative modelling is that the use of dimensionally consistent SI units for the physical variables is preferrable; however, in many application areas this can lead to implicit nonlinear systems of equations which are badly scaled from a numerical point of view. This paper shows the negative impact of not dealing with this aspect on a benchmark test case, and then shows how the same performance of manually scaled models can be recovered by suitably exploiting information about the scaling of variables that can be declared by the modeller.","PeriodicalId":261856,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131015167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}