{"title":"Retroreflective Subharmonic Frequency Translation with a Spatiotemporal Metasurface","authors":"Zhan Wu, C. Scarborough, A. Grbic","doi":"10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9285037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9285037","url":null,"abstract":"A reflective, dual-polarized, spatiotemporally modulated metasurface is reported at X-band frequencies. Each column of subwavelength unit cells on the experimental metasurface can be independently, temporally modulated. Here, we consider a space-time modulation where the time modulation of adjacent columns is staggered to realize a discretized travellingwave modulation. We propose an analytical model of such a metasurface with discretized spatial modulation. It is shown that at certain incident angles, the metasurface can perform retroreflective subharmonic frequency translation: Doppler-like frequency translation to a higher order frequency harmonic in retroreflection. By changing the temporal modulation waveform on each column, the retroreflected frequency harmonic can be controlled.","PeriodicalId":260995,"journal":{"name":"2020 Fourteenth International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials)","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127300056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploiting Vortex Modes in the Design of Patch Antennas for Pattern Diversity and MIMO Systems","authors":"M. Barbuto, A. Alú, F. Bilotti, A. Toscano","doi":"10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9284992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9284992","url":null,"abstract":"In this contribution, we expand the possibility offered by structured fields at microwave frequencies by exploiting phase singularity points of vortex modes for designing a single radiating structure exhibiting orthogonal radiation patterns pointing in different directions. This kind of structure, being able to radiate two orthogonal polarizations with low-coupling levels, can be exploited in compact multi-antenna systems for antenna diversity or MIMO applications.","PeriodicalId":260995,"journal":{"name":"2020 Fourteenth International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114149642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Ptitcyn, X. Wang, A. Díaz-Rubio, V. Asadchy, M. Mirmoosa, S. Fan, S. Tretyakov
{"title":"Nonreciprocity in Uniform Time-Varying Materials Using Spatial Dispersion","authors":"G. Ptitcyn, X. Wang, A. Díaz-Rubio, V. Asadchy, M. Mirmoosa, S. Fan, S. Tretyakov","doi":"10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9285038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9285038","url":null,"abstract":"Conventionally, nonreciprocity in time-varying systems is achieved by exploiting both temporal and spatial modulations. In this paper, we introduce a concept of magnetless bianisotropic time-modulated systems that support nonreciprocal wave propagation at the fundamental frequency and use only uniform, solely temporal material modulations. We theoretically explain the nonreciprocal effect by analyzing wave propagation in an unbounded, spatially uniform bianisotropic time-modulated medium. As a simple practical implementation, we design a deeply sub-wavelength bianisotropic metasurface which incorporates a single time-modulated capacitive layer backed by a usual dielectric layer.","PeriodicalId":260995,"journal":{"name":"2020 Fourteenth International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129605631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tunable Inverse Faraday effect in the Photonic Crystal Nanostructures with the Magnetic Layer of Gradient Thickness","authors":"O. Borovkova, M. Kozhaev, A. Kalish, V. Belotelov","doi":"10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9284984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9284984","url":null,"abstract":"The photonic crystal (PC) nanostructures with magnetic layer of gradient thickness for tunable inverse Faraday effect (IFE) are proposed. In this nanostructure one can observe an optical photonic crystal defect mode, when the sharp resonance peak appears in the bandgap of the transmittance spectrum. This peak is accompanied by the strong localization of light in the magnetic layer. So, the dramatic enhancement of the IFE can be observed. The spectral position and amplitude of this peak depends on the thickness of the magnetic layer, h. Two designs of magnetic PC nanostructures are discussed. The first design has smooth magnetic layer with thickness gradient that allows to tune the spectral position of peak in transmittance spectra and the IFE gradually. The second design has perforated magnetic layer and provide spatially localized emergence of the IFE in the spots of several microns.","PeriodicalId":260995,"journal":{"name":"2020 Fourteenth International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128369420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metamaterials, Gyroscopes, and two century-old problems in number theory","authors":"B. Steinberg, I. Kazma","doi":"10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9284972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9284972","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the electrodynamics of slowly rotating metamaterials as observed in their rest frame of reference, and present a corresponding first order polarizability theory. A formulation governing the response of an arbitrary array of scatterers to excitation under rotation is provided and used to explore the rotation footprint properties, whith applications to non-reciprocal dynamics, rotation sensors and optical gyroscopes. The metamaterial sensitivity to rotation is rigorously defined, and the associated physical mechanisms are exposed. These can be intimately related to two century-old problems in number theory: the no-three-in-line problem, and the Heilbronn triangle problem. New arrays, base on Erdős solution to the former, are proposed. It is shown that structures inspired by Erdős solution may achieve rotation sensitivities that outperform that of the Sagnac loop gyroscope.","PeriodicalId":260995,"journal":{"name":"2020 Fourteenth International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123920703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Lenets, S. Kuznetsov, A. Sayanskiy, P. Lazorskiy, J. Baena, S. Glybovski
{"title":"Manipulation with Terahertz Wave Fronts Using Self-Complementary Metasurfaces","authors":"V. Lenets, S. Kuznetsov, A. Sayanskiy, P. Lazorskiy, J. Baena, S. Glybovski","doi":"10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9285140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9285140","url":null,"abstract":"Here we numerically demonstrate the possibility to shape a wave front in the terahertz range using a self-complementary metasurface (SCMS) with spatial modulation. A circularly polarized incident wave passing through a SCMS causes two transmitted waves, a co- and cross-polarized. The co-polarized wave, in theory, has a complex transmission coefficient of 1/2 and keeps the same front shape as the incident wave, even if the metasurface is nonuniform. On the contrary, the cross-polarized wave obtains a phase, which can be locally controlled by geometric parameters of unit cells. We apply a phase holographic method to modify the shape of the cross-polarized wave in a desirable way while keeping the co-polarized wave unchanged.","PeriodicalId":260995,"journal":{"name":"2020 Fourteenth International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials)","volume":"67 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114081981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Zhang, X. Chen, R. Shao, J. Dai, Q. Cheng, M. Moccia, G. Castaldi, T. Cui, V. Galdi
{"title":"Recent Advances in Space-Time-Coding Digital Metasurfaces","authors":"L. Zhang, X. Chen, R. Shao, J. Dai, Q. Cheng, M. Moccia, G. Castaldi, T. Cui, V. Galdi","doi":"10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9285002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9285002","url":null,"abstract":"We provide a compact summary of our recent results and ongoing research on digital metasurfaces based on spatio-temporal coding. Examples of field manipulations include harmonic beam steering and/or shaping and programmable nonreciprocal effects. Possible applications range from wireless communications to radars and imaging.","PeriodicalId":260995,"journal":{"name":"2020 Fourteenth International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114795523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple scale method applied to homogenization of irrational metamaterials","authors":"S. Guenneau, F. Zolla, E. Cherkaev, N. Wellander","doi":"10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9284990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9284990","url":null,"abstract":"We adapt the multiple scale method introduced over 40 years ago for the homogenization of periodic structures [1], to the quasiperiodic (cut-and-projection) setting. We make use of partial differential operators (gradient, divergence and curl) acting on periodic functions of m variables in a higher-dimensional space that are projected onto operators acting on quasiperiodic functions in the n-dimensional physical space (m>n). We replace heterogeneous quasiperiodic structures, coined irrational metamaterials in [2], by homogeneous media with anisotropic permittivity and permeability tensors, obtained from the solution of annex problems of electrostatic type in a periodic cell in higher dimensional space. This approach is valid when the wavelength is much larger than the period of the higher dimensional elementary cell.","PeriodicalId":260995,"journal":{"name":"2020 Fourteenth International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126571366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Topological Amorphous Metasurfaces Based on Electromagnetic Duality","authors":"D. Bisharat, D. Sievenpiper","doi":"10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9284971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9284971","url":null,"abstract":"Photonic topological insulators (PTIs) promise immunity to wave propagation losses associated with arbitrary sharp bends and defects caused by fabrication imperfections. However, current realizations so far are based on ordered and periodic lattices, wherein specific crystalline symmetries are responsible for topological phases. In this work, we examine electromagnetic-dual metasurfaces, wherein the modal degeneracies underpinning the topological phases are mainly the result of the complementary local response of the constituent cells rather than a precise lattice arrangement. This allows for PTIs with disordered and nonperiodic patterns, which support robust pseudospin modes at their interface. In addition, we show that the appearance of pentagon and heptagon shaped cells in our hyperunifrom hexagonal metasurface is associated with localized cavity modes. These real-space topological defects are elementary lattice imperfections that cannot be removed by local perturbations, and thus the new zero-dimensional modes have equal robustness to their topological onedimensional edge modes counterparts","PeriodicalId":260995,"journal":{"name":"2020 Fourteenth International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115810386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electron-Beam Lithography Fabrication Process Development for a Mid-IR Plasmonic Metasurface with Fine Features","authors":"M. Semple, A. Iyer","doi":"10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9285010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9285010","url":null,"abstract":"We show the development of a 100 keV electron-beam lithography liftoff fabrication process for a plasmonic metasurface designed to resonate at 15 $mu$ m. Such a metasurface may prove useful in enhancing mid-IR absorption spectroscopy, e.g. for CO2 detection. Helium ion beam microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy show evidence of the expected resonance, but which has been shifted outside of the measurable range due to variations in exposure and thickness.","PeriodicalId":260995,"journal":{"name":"2020 Fourteenth International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials)","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132080415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}