{"title":"Comparative Risk Return Analysis of Nepal Stock Market with Selected Banking Stocks in Nepal","authors":"Narad Kumar Thapa","doi":"10.3126/njmr.v6i2.57474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v6i2.57474","url":null,"abstract":"The Nepalese stock market, specifically concentrating on three commercial banks listed on the Nepal Stock Exchange Limited. The paper aims to analyze the risk and return associated with investing in common stocks in the Nepalese stock market, focusing on three commercial banks. Secondary data is gathered from various sources, including the NEPSE website, prior studies, publications by the NRB (Nepal Rastra Bank), commercial banks' websites, and the SEBON (Securities Board of Nepal) website. The paper employs scientific analysis techniques on quantitative data. Different methods, such as correlation, regression, and descriptive statistics, are used to test hypotheses and investigate the risk-return trade-off in the Nepalese stock markets. The analysis is based on the results of the sample banks' risk and return analysis, utilizing historical data from their most recent five fiscal years, spanning from FY-2017/18 to FY-2021/22. The abstract concludes that the three commercial banks examined in the study are characterized by high risk and variable rates of return.","PeriodicalId":260880,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130864364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preferred Learning Techniques among Bachelor’s Level Students","authors":"Dasarath Neupane, Sagar Pant, Parshuram Bhattarai","doi":"10.3126/njmr.v6i2.57660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v6i2.57660","url":null,"abstract":"Learning styles describe how individuals acquire, interpret, and assimilate knowledge differently. The effective use of learning styles is essential for effective classroom education. The three most popular learning styles are kinaesthetic, auditory, and visual. This study pursued to learn more about the preferred learning modes of college students. There were 152 respondents from Baneshwor Multiple Campus, Kathmandu Nepal. The data were collected from first year students of BBS, B.Ed. and BA. The researchers used a scale of learning styles (VAK) with 28 items to accomplish the study's goal, and after confirming its validity and reliability, it was applied to the sample. The results show that there are no statistically significant differences in the types of learning patterns preferred by students. Based on these findings, the study recommends that teachers are encouraged to diversify college teaching strategies and methods to suit the preferred learning styles of their students, particularly new students, in order to motivate them to learn in the college environment and to provide the training needs and requirements necessary to enable them to take individual differences among their students into account when identifying educational goals.","PeriodicalId":260880,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131412017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants of the Financial Performance and Sustainability of Microfinance Institutions in Chandrapur Municipality Nepal","authors":"Tilak Ghising","doi":"10.3126/njmr.v6i2.57478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v6i2.57478","url":null,"abstract":"The financial performance and Level of financial sustainability of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in Chandrapur Municipality is examined in this article. Access to financial services for the most vulnerable social groups has long been a problem that numerous projects and programs are trying to solve. Performance of Microfinance Institutions Various works suggest that the performance of an institution can be understood from two perspectives. This investigation used an exploratory research approach. The data has been collected for adaptation of the services and products to the target clients from Chandrapur Municipality by age and number of year involved in microfinance institutions.","PeriodicalId":260880,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131506872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Occurrence of Disaster Events and their Impact in Nepal: Role of Government and Civil Society Organizations to Reduce the Disaster Risks","authors":"Pitambar Aryal","doi":"10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54355","url":null,"abstract":"Nepal is highly vulnerable to multiple geological, hydro and meteorological hazards in which floods, landslides, fires, avalanches, glacial lakes outburst floods, droughts and earthquakes are predominant. Nepal has also been experiencing outbreak of epidemics and pandemic having high morbidity and mortality. Every day, on an average, 2 people die due to recurrent disasters. Situated in seismic zone, Nepal is prone to earthquake, and it had experienced several episodes of earthquake having losses of human lives and physical infrastructure. Climate change attributing significantly in extreme weather conditions resulting heavy rainfall, drought, fire, and glacial lake outburst floods. The disasters events have severe impact in socio-economic and health of community people creating problem in access, disrupting supply chain, damage, and destruction of service delivery outlets. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the disaster situation in country, their impact and assess the role of government of Nepal and civil society organizations in reducing the disaster risks. This paper has been prepared by reviewing the secondary data mainly government, UN and I/NGOs reports and research articles. Marginalized groups of the society are hardest hit by the disasters. Investing resources in preparedness and risk reduction pays off in saving lives and properties, investing 1 NPR in DRR is equivalent to 18 NPR during post disaster situation. A whole of society approach where preparedness, risk reduction, response, recovery, and reconstruction go simultaneously in building resilience nations to disasters. Development work should mandatorily apply environmental impact assessment and do no harm principles. The government of Nepal has developed DRM Act, policy, and strategic plan. Accountability framework, risk governance and risk education play a critical role to achieve outcomes stipulated in the strategic plan.","PeriodicalId":260880,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","volume":"309 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116277405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Education to Work Transition: An Interpretive Inquiry of Status and Struggle of Pahari Youth","authors":"Babita Pahadee","doi":"10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54357","url":null,"abstract":"Education to work transition is the phase encountered by youths while moving to labor market in search of job. This study was conducted to examine how Pahari youths in Badikhel's Godawari Municipality-4 transition from higher secondary education to employment using a qualitative interpretative inquiry as a research paradigm. The research explored the experiences of Pahari youth who dealt with evolving circumstances, beliefs, and perceptions over the time transitioning from school to work. The theoretical bases of the study are Social Cognitive Career Theory, Capability Approach, and Schlossberg's transition theory. Following the theoretical sampling method, 5 participants were selected purposively as a sample for the study. Two males and three females were chosen by applying the purposive sampling method. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted and categorized themes into three categories; social and economic situation, the importance of support in a transition period, and uneven transition of Pahari youth. The study found that Pahari youths are struggling to pursue higher education due to financial problems, family issue, social pressure and the like. Because of this, transitioning Pahari youths from education to work is very challenging. They cannot complete their education, which limits the skills related to the professional sector. As a result, getting engaged, even in a small part-time job with few wages, has become essential to sustain their lives and their families. Despite this, Pahari youths are found aware of these challenges and trying to overcome the situation. This study suggests the government prioritize the Pahari community for education, which could benefit Pahari youths to get the higher qualification and find better employment opportunities in the long term.","PeriodicalId":260880,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133514257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agriculture Production Pattern and Economic Impact of the Magar Community: A Study of Kalika Municipality Chitwan","authors":"Chandra Prasad Dhakal","doi":"10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54166","url":null,"abstract":"The Magar is one of the indigenous nationalities of Nepal having with special practice and pattern of agriculture-based economy. The study analyzes agriculture production pattern and economic impact of the Magar living in Kalika municipality Chitwan. The main objective of the study is to analyze how agricultural practice and pattern supports in the livelihood strategy the major. It follows more qualitative and quantitative research design and used both primary and secondary source of data. Findings and conclusion of the study is based on primary data collected from the field study. Primary data were collected through individual interviews and observation. In the course of field visit 50 farmers were randomly selected as respondents. It is found that traditional agriculture based economic pattern of the Magar of study area is changing due to the shifting pattern of livelihood.","PeriodicalId":260880,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114827373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Life of the Chepang now and then: A Study of Chitwan District","authors":"Rishiram Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54283","url":null,"abstract":"The Chepang is one of the indigenous nationalities of Nepal have changed their life style in short span of time. The study analyzes changing aspects of the Chepang in term of socio cultural, religious and economic pattern. Main objective of this study is to examine why and how the life pattern of the Chepang has been changed in Chitwan in short span of time. Qualitative research design has been followed to analyze the changing socio –economic, cultural religious status of the Cheapng. Both primary and secondary source of data were used for this study and conclusion of the study is based on the collected information. It is found that life of the Chepang have been changed due to modernization, Christianization, invasion of neighboring culture and political system of the nation.","PeriodicalId":260880,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130891013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating the Factors Influencing Consumers' Choice of Shopping Destination: A Study of Bhatbhateni Supermarket, Bharatpur, Nepal","authors":"Jamuna Manandhar, Sarad Chandra Kafle","doi":"10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54354","url":null,"abstract":"When deciding on where to shop, multiple factors play a crucial role, which can be broadly categorized into three main groups: tenant mix, access convenience, and ambience. This research paper evaluates factors influencing consumers' choice of shopping destination, focusing on Bhatbhateni Supermarket in Bharatpur, Nepal. A survey of 120 respondents shows that consumers prioritize product quality, price, location, store layout and design, customer service, and promotions when selecting a shopping destination. The choice of shopping destination is notably linked to demographic factors such as age, caste, place of residence, educational attainment, and income source, while factors such as gender and marital status did not emerge as significant indicators.. The results of this research paper have practical implications for retailers seeking to attract and retain customers in competitive markets like Nepal. By understanding consumers' preferences and decision-making processes, retailers can develop effective marketing strategies and enhance customer satisfaction. The study also provides insights for future research on this topic, emphasizing the importance of further understanding consumers' shopping behavior in the retail sector.","PeriodicalId":260880,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127298839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Techniques Used by College Level English Teachers to Assess Interactive Speaking: A Phenomenological Study","authors":"H. P. Tiwari","doi":"10.3126/njmr.v6i1.53783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v6i1.53783","url":null,"abstract":"Interactive speaking is a crucial component of speaking skill. It is essential for effective and successful communication. Assessment of students’ interactive speaking helps teachers to enhance students’ overall speaking proficiency in a second or foreign language. Several techniques can be used to evaluate interactive speaking and the application of techniques may vary according to the forms of speaking. The present article focuses on exploring the techniques used by college level English language teachers to assess the interactive speaking of the students who study major English at the bachelor's level. The study was conducted using qualitative approach and descriptive phenomenology design. The sample population included 13 English language teachers who taught English at affiliated colleges in the Banke district. I used convenience sampling to select the colleges and simple random sampling to select the sample population. The only technique used for collecting data was structured interview. Each of the interviews was recorded using an audio recorder and transcribed verbatim. The data was analyzed using thematic approach to qualitative data analysis. The study revealed that oral question and answer, formal and informal debates, interviews, role plays, and discussion are the most commonly used techniques to assess interactive speaking skill at the college level. The study concluded that the techniques used in assessing interactive speaking may slightly vary depending on the level of the students but the teachers can use these techniques to the students of all levels.","PeriodicalId":260880,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129960681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Problems in Road Construction at Local Level","authors":"Bidhya Bhusal, D. R. Dahal, Kheta Raj Dahal","doi":"10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njmr.v6i1.54360","url":null,"abstract":"Any nation's infrastructure development encompasses social infrastructure as well as economic infrastructure, or the growth of diverse sectors. Simultaneously created social infrastructure can lead the economic infrastructure in total development at the appropriate level. The capabilities and technical advancement of social infrastructures like retail centers, restaurants, medical facility zones, and schools are well defined, as are the evolving requirements of economic infrastructures like roads, sewage, electricity, open spaces, and gardens. To maintain effective social infrastructure, it is necessary to develop sectors such as education, health, social security, water supply, housing, and sanitation.\u0000The study would like to suggest that adequate budget allocation should be conducted during planning process; proper road design, implementation and effective procurement system should be carried out, and management of enough construction materials, suitable equipment, and coordination with local people should be performed. Furthermore, provision of drain while constructing rural road must be included during preparation of DPR along with the watershed management is necessary and establishment of laboratory for material test is necessary in Municipality to assure quality construction along with provision of training for the user committee to provide technical knowledge is necessary.","PeriodicalId":260880,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123640979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}