Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Adsorption equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics of Rhodamine B dye from aqueous solution using Iraqi Porcellanite rocks","authors":"M. Abood, T. E. Jassim","doi":"10.58629/mjms.v32i2.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v32i2.64","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial wastewater and other polluted water need to be treated to make it possible to discharge into rivers and reuse them. Adsorption takes the importance of ways to remove organic and inorganic pollutants in water. The search for materials that are locally available and cheap to use as adsorbent surfaces. The Iraqiporcellanite powder can be used to remove the dye of Rhodamine B in batch method. The effect of various experimental parameters such as contact time, temperature, solution pH, weight of adsorbent initial dye concentration, ionic strength were investigated. The adsorption studies included both equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics. The applicability of Langmuir and Freundlich equations was investigated at different temperature, and the Freundlich isotherm exhibited the best fit with experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption was a spontaneous process (ΔG was negative), the negative value of ΔH indicate endothermic and ΔS was positive value (random), the kinetic data well described by Pseudo-second order kinetic model with intra particle diffusion as one of the rate limitring steps.","PeriodicalId":259361,"journal":{"name":"Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125884219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Sawa lake fauna, Holocene deposits, Al-Muthanna Province, Southern Iraq","authors":"M. Mahdi, U.Q. Khaleefa, N. Shareef","doi":"10.58629/mjms.v32i2.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v32i2.65","url":null,"abstract":"Sawa Lake is an abnormal lake in Iraq. It was characterized by the high degree of salinity among the Iraqi marshes. It is a euhyline water body of no inflow and outflow. The lake is an elongated closed basin with no channel of surface water available to it. The results of the present study are showed three types of fauna, the biggest numbers of fauna belong to Ostracods. The other fauna are represented in type of algae (Charophyta) and one genus of Gastropods. The SEM analysis indicated that the organisms are affected with water lake chemistry, the element S exists in the wall of Charophyta and Ostracoda, while the gastropods does not contain this element. They concluded that these organisms were affected with the salinity except gastropods genus which transport by bird feet from Caspian Sea. There are many fauna that occurred in Sawa Lake, these are reflect of fresh water sources enter to the lake.","PeriodicalId":259361,"journal":{"name":"Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125579886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation model of water-logging phenomenon at Al Jahza camp Al-Zubair town, Southern Iraq","authors":"L. S. Al-Qurnawy, A. Al-Abadi","doi":"10.58629/mjms.v34i1.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v34i1.48","url":null,"abstract":"The current study is focused on the groundwater modeling with three scenarios as future plans to find a suitable solution for the problem at Al-Jahza Camp south east of Al-Zubair town, south of Iraq. The objective of the study is find out a numerical model for simulating the behavior of the groundwater flow using (MODFLOW) software. The model was calibrated in the steady and transient states for four randomly distributed monitored wells in the study area with 21 stress periods. Suitable match was obtained from the comparison between the levels of the observed and calculated heads. The model was simulated to control the water-logging. The water level of the simulated head remains extremely constant in condition of constructing the underground barrier. By Supposing of digging wells and increasing the water pumping with an average of 432 and 216 m/day, the head level at exceeding extraction with constructed subsurface barrier decreased more than the head level in case of increasing the water pumping with no subsurface barrier to reach 35-40 cm and 45-50 cm respectively, and to enhance the benefit to control and decrease the water from waterlogged area in the future.","PeriodicalId":259361,"journal":{"name":"Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122957282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Delta of Shatt Al-Arab River, Framework and Evolution","authors":"W. M. Al-Mosawi, F. Y. Al-Manssory","doi":"10.58629/mjms.v34i1.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v34i1.43","url":null,"abstract":"Shatt Al-Arab Delta was built at the northern end of the Arabian Gulf (AG) on the top of a longitudinal shallow marine basin shape. Today the hydrologic regime of Shatt Al-Arab River is suffering from many changes caused by anthropogenic activity impacts, led to a significant decrease in water feeding about 1000 m3/sec in 1990 into less than 50m3/sec in 2016. Many previous studies have been discussed as well as performing a marine geophysical surveys to assess the evolution of Shatt Al-Arab Delta during the history. Many phenomenon and progradational parts of the Delta: Prodelta, distributary channel, bay fill, and beach ridge have been identified from marine geophysical survey. The lower reflector is appear as irregular surface, which could indicate the presence of an ancient beach that appear as a terraces region due to fluctuation in the sea level. The second reflector appear as a layer have had variation depth, which may represent a beginning of the ancient delta creation after of the sea level stability (< 5000 years ago). The top layers have been deposited, which represent the present day delta. This present result suggests that there are three phases of delta evolution during history, the first phase represents the beginning of the modern origin of this delta during 1000-2000 yr. ago when the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers are connected together, at that time the delta was not so large and have been formed by the excess sediment that coming from the marshes after the two Rivers dumping most of their sedimentary load there. The second phase represents the activation of this delta with stabilized coastline, especially after the manmade connection between Karun and Shatt Al-Arab Rivers, which occurred before thousand years ago. The third phase represents the last half of the previous century when several factors contributed on the evolution of Shatt Al-Arab delta, including hydrological, climatological and anthropogenic factors.","PeriodicalId":259361,"journal":{"name":"Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114755281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the occurrence of the short-nosed tripod fish Triacanthus biaculeatus (Bloch, 1786) in the North of Basrah, Southern Iraq","authors":"A. Ghazi, A. J. Al-Faisal, Murtadha A. A. Alfaris","doi":"10.58629/mjms.v33i2.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v33i2.54","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we report on the occurrence of the short-nosed tripod fish Triacanthus biaculeatus (Bloch, 1786) in the North of Basrah, West of Al-Dair district which was not reported in this region before. Two specimens were obtained in November 2018 and identified as, T biaculeatus. They have a total length ranged from 69.0 to 137.0 mm. The first dorsal fin has 5 spines, the second spine is much less than half the length of the first one. The ventral surface of the pelvis is slightly tapered to words the posterior end.","PeriodicalId":259361,"journal":{"name":"Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127331203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of sedimentological, environmental and fauna between two regions, NW of the Arabian Gulf","authors":"Z. A. Al-Humaidan, M. Al-Jaberi, R. A. Al-Ali","doi":"10.58629/mjms.v34i1.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v34i1.47","url":null,"abstract":"Marine environment is considered one of the richest environments in fauna of benthic marine micropaleontology because of the suitable conditions for living requirements like food, oxygen, sediment texture and salinity. In the current study, a fauna and their distribution were studied according to the depths of subsurface marine sediments from two regions at the NW Arabian Gulf, the first region at Khor Shytanah (Core 1) at the north of the study area representing a sever environment with high currents, and contain more than 95% sand grains, it is of light color, large size, rounded to sub-rounded grains and clean due to the continuous washing and water movement, whereas the second region was near the oil Basrah Port (Core 2) at the south of the study area, where the quite environment with weak currents and fine sand of dark color due to the activity of non-anaerobic bacteria , the region has angular to sub-angular grains. The type of sediment texture was determined at each depth and consisted of silt, sand silt, sand and silty sand. On the other hand, the percentage of calcium carbonate was determined in the sediments to correlates that with the size and density of fauna that live in this area.","PeriodicalId":259361,"journal":{"name":"Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131993506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First record of the moon crab Ashtoret lunaris (Forskål, 1775) from Syrian coasts","authors":"I. Ammar, I. Arabia","doi":"10.58629/mjms.v33i2.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v33i2.49","url":null,"abstract":"The number of aliens crustaceans is constantly increasing within the Syrian marine waters with the increasing of the interest in the marine biodiversity which allowed the discovery of many new species and various unrecorded species. The moon crab Ashtoret lunaris (Forskål, 1775) is recorded for the first time from the Syrian coast in the eastern Mediterranean. Two specimens of the Lessepsian crab A. lunaris were collected from Al-shokaifat area (at the north of Jableh). The specimens were collected by hand from the sandy shore on 7 August 2017.","PeriodicalId":259361,"journal":{"name":"Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114925852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution and diversity of Meiobenthos in southern Caspian Sea (Mazandaran-Iran)","authors":"M. Zarghami, M. Fatemi, Tariq H Y Al-Maliky, M. S. Mollayousefi, F. Nazarhaghighi","doi":"10.58629/mjms.v34i1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v34i1.46","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiversity and distribution of benthic Meiobenthos in the sediments of the Southern Caspian Sea were studied in order to introduce and determine their relationship with the environmental factors. From 12 stations (ranging in depths from 5, 10, 20 and 50 meters), sediment samples were gathered for four seasons (2012). Temperature, salinity, dissolved Oxygen and pH were measured during sampling with CTD (conductivity, temperature and Depth). Percentage grain size and total organic matter and calcium carbonate were measured. The average water temperature ranged from 9.52 to 23.93 ͦC, dissolved Oxygen from 7.71 to 10.53 mg/L, salinity from 10.57±0.07 to 10.75±0.04 ppt., pH from 7.44±0.29 to 7.41±0.22, EC from 17.97±0.12 to 18.30±0.04 μs/cm2, TDS from 8.92±0.04 to 9.14±0.02 mg/L, total organic matter from 5.83±1.43 to 6.25±0.97% and calcium carbonate fluctuated from 2.36±0.36 to 1.68±0.19%. From the 4 groups of animals (Foraminifera, Crustacea, Worms and Mollusca), 40 species belonging to 29 genera of 25 families were identified Ammonia beccarii caspica, was the common species in all sampling stations. Depth was an important factor in the distribution of meiobenthos. Mean of maximum and minimum Shannon index were measured at depth of 5m and 50 m and were in the order of 0.93 and 0.43, respectively. Account of Shannon and Peilou's index showed that this area is under pressure and is not steady.","PeriodicalId":259361,"journal":{"name":"Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116857869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of the gill respiratory surface area and some features of the red muscle fibers in two teleost species","authors":"A. Mansour","doi":"10.58629/mjms.v33i1.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v33i1.56","url":null,"abstract":"The current study is a comparative analysis of the Gill Respiratory Surface Area (GRSA) and some features of the red muscle fibers including the proportions and diameters of the red muscle fibers in three body regions in two teleosts species; torpedo scad, Megalspis cordyla (L.) which belongs to the carangid and the red belly tilapia, Cotodon zillii (Gervaias, 1848) which belongs to cichlids. Fifty fishes (25 fishes for each species) were used in the current investigation. They range in length from 100 to 300 mm and their weight ranged between 66 and 305 gm. The results show that the M. cordyla have GRSA ranged between 78 and 100 mm2/gm whereas it ranged between 56 and 146 mm²/gm in C. zillii. The fish weight was the influential factor on the values of the relative GRSA (mm²/gm) while the total length of gill filaments was the influential factor on the values of the total GRSA (mm²) of the studied fishes which showed significant differences (p<0.05) between the studied species. The difference in the proportions of the red muscle fibers among the three body regions of both species showed a significant difference (P<0.05) between the total length of the fish and the proportions of the red muscle fibers which ranged between 8.16 and 12.80 % in M. cordyla whereas it was between 5.42 and 9.24 % in C. zillii. Also the results presented an increase in the proportions of the red muscle fibers towards the posterior region (R3) which were 8.80-12.80 % in M. cordyla while they were 6.24-9.24 % in C. zillii. The results revealed that the approximate diameters of the red muscle fibers varied between 13.70 and 47.85 μm in M. cordyla while they ranged between 17.10 and 44.50 μm in C .zillii but were not statistically significant differences (P>0.05) between the two species.","PeriodicalId":259361,"journal":{"name":"Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences","volume":"238 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122863218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the distribution and occurrence of four newly recorded species of seagrasses in the North-West Arabian Gulf","authors":"F. H. Ibrahim","doi":"10.58629/mjms.v33i1.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v33i1.57","url":null,"abstract":"For a long time the Iraqi regional waters of north-west Arabian Gulf were classified as free of seagrasses due to the absence of the information concerning these important angiosperms. During the survey carried out by scientist of the Marine Science Center and German divers in 2013-2014 to study the Coral reefs distribution and occurrence in this area, the divers with the help of underwater camera caught photos indicates the existence of seagrass meadows in different places of the north-west Arabian Gulf, so the efforts were made to examine this issue and a work were carried out in April 2017 to study the existence, species composition, occurrences and distribution of seagrass species in the Iraqi marine waters of the north-west Arabian Gulf for the first time. Six sites were chosen distributed along the north-west of Arabian Gulf where the depth was ranging from 0.5 to 15.0 m. Six meadows of seagrass were identified, classified, mapped and seagrass diversity and abundance were investigated. Four species of seagrass namely Halophila stipulacea (Forsskal) Ascherson, Halophila ovalis (R. Brown) Hooker f., Halophila decipiens Ostenfeld and Halodule uninervis (Forsskal) were recorded for the first time in Iraq. Halophila decipiens Ostenfeld was recorded as a new to the whole area of the Arabian Gulf and the Iraqi marine waters and found at a depth of 12-15 m. Halodule uninervis was found to be the most dominant species at all the studied sites followed by Halophila stipulacea. The total seagrass area estimated at all the stations was about 678 hectare fluctuated at different stations. Higher Seagrass total coverage area (240 ha) was found at shallower waters (0.5-3.0 m) compared with 60 ha at deeper waters (12-15 m). The exposed locations showed low seagrass coverage of 35 % comparing with sheltered sites (65 %). The relationship between depth and total coverage of seagrass was significant, while it was not significant with sites. Highest richness value was found in the Alkheran area (Khor Al-Zubair) at a depth of 0.5 m. The relative evenness of the seagrasses species, with different depths showed that the depth 0-3 m has the highest value. The distribution of seagrasses in Khor Al-Zubair and Khor Abdullah down to the open area of Khor Al-Omaya was mapped by using the GIS and Arc Map version 10.5 applications.","PeriodicalId":259361,"journal":{"name":"Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121326081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}