J. Griffin, G. J. Posakony, Robert V. Harris, David L. Baldwin, Anthony M. Jones, Leonard J. Bond
{"title":"High temperature ultrasonic transducers for in-service inspection of liquid metal fast reactors","authors":"J. Griffin, G. J. Posakony, Robert V. Harris, David L. Baldwin, Anthony M. Jones, Leonard J. Bond","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0479","url":null,"abstract":"In-service inspection of liquid metal (sodium) fast reactors requires the use of ultrasonic transducers capable of operating at high temperatures (>;200°C), high gamma radiation fields, and the chemically reactive liquid sodium environment. In the early- to mid-1970s, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission supported development of high-temperature, submersible single-element transducers, used for scanning and under-sodium imaging in the Fast Flux Test Facility and the Clinch River Breeder Reactor. Current work is building on this technology to develop the next generation of high-temperature linear ultrasonic transducer arrays for under-sodium viewing and in-service inspections.","PeriodicalId":257745,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122659829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Takayanagi, T. Yanagitani, M. Matsukawa, Y. Watanabe
{"title":"Quantitative analysis of the effect of energetic particle bombardment during deposition on (1120) texture formation in ZnO films","authors":"S. Takayanagi, T. Yanagitani, M. Matsukawa, Y. Watanabe","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0575","url":null,"abstract":"C-axis parallel-oriented (1120) ZnO films are suitable for shear mode devices. In previous studies, we pointed out that (1120) texture formation was induced by the ion bombardment during a planer RF magnetron sputtering deposition. However, quantitative information of the relationship between ion energy and amount of ion irradiation are not clear. In this study, we investigated the effects of energetic ion bombardment during sputtering deposition on (1120) texture formation. The distribution of crystalline orientation of the films on the anode plane was compared with the distribution of the amount of ion flux in the anode plane. Highly crystallized (1120) orientation appeared above the target erosion area where highly energetic O-l ions bombardment was observed under the low gas pressure condition. This information will give us how to obtain much better (1120) textured ZnO films for share mode devices.","PeriodicalId":257745,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116826393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Faez, G. Renaud, M. Defontaine, S. Callé, N. de Jong
{"title":"Active control of subharmonic response of ultrasound contrast agent microbubbles","authors":"T. Faez, G. Renaud, M. Defontaine, S. Callé, N. de Jong","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0043","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of a dynamic variation in the ambient pressure on the subharmonic response of phospholipid-coated microbubbles was investigated. The ambient pressure in water was modulated by a 2.5 kHz acoustic wave with peak amplitude of 15 kPa. We investigated the fundamental and subharmonic emission at two driving frequencies: 5 and 10 MHz. We measured that the variation in the ambient pressure of 15 kPa can modulate the subharmonic amplitude up to 10 dB. We also noticed that the relative subharmonic amplitude modulation as a function of the LF acoustic pressure was symmetrical for the 5 MHz driving frequency but asymmetric for 10 MHz. However the fundamental amplitude was symmetrically modulated during bubble compression and expansion. Numerical simulations showed that these behaviors can be obtained and are depending on the bubbles' diameter. The highest subharmonic amplitude was measured when microbubbles were insonified at 10 MHz. This fact together with the asymmetry observed in the subharmonic modulation suggests that smaller bubbles with buckling shell are excited at 10 MHz compared to experiments at 5 MHz. These results present new potentials for in vitro characterization of contrast agent microbubbles and possibly a new imaging modality.","PeriodicalId":257745,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"30 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123917695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polarization-inverted multilayered pure shear mode AlN film resonator","authors":"M. Suzuki, T. Yanagitani","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0075","url":null,"abstract":"c-axis parallel AlN film is suitable for pure shear mode devices. Polarization-inverted multilayered structure can excite high order mode resonance. The film thickness of high order mode resonator is thicker than that of fundamental mode resonator in same operating frequency. Therefore, the multilayered resonator is expected to have high power handling capability. c-axis parallel polarization-inverted multilayered AlN films were fabricated by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD). caxis parallel orientation was formed under the 3 kV accelerated ion beam irradiation. Shear mode resonator was prepared to investigate piezoelectric properties of the film. Only pure shear wave without any longitudinal wave was excited in the resonators. k15 was determined to be 0.05 and this value is 71 % of the single crystalline AlN. We considered that in-plane crystal growth direction should to be determined by the ion beam irradiation direction. c-axis parallel multilayer AlN film was fabricated by inverting in-plane beam irradiation direction. High order mode resonance was observed in the resonators, showing that polarization was inverted in the multilayer AlN films.","PeriodicalId":257745,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133624016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Sugimoto, H. Sano, T. Yanagitani, S. Takayanagi, M. Matsukawa
{"title":"Brillouin scattering from induced phonons excited by the ZnO piezoelectric thin film with a coaxial resonator","authors":"T. Sugimoto, H. Sano, T. Yanagitani, S. Takayanagi, M. Matsukawa","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0270","url":null,"abstract":"Brillouin scattering method is a nondestructive and noncontact technique to measure local longitudinal and shear acoustic velocities in the GHz range. However, the measurements of weak scattering from thermal phonons result in the lower measurement accuracy and longer measurement time than those of other methods, such as ultrasonic pulse techniques. To overcome these problems, a technique with induced phonons was developed using a ZnO piezoelectric thin film and a coaxial resonator. Especially, this technique enables simple measurement system without electrodes making use of evanescent electric field to ZnO film. In this study, ZnO piezoelectric thin film was deposited on curved and rear surfaces.","PeriodicalId":257745,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"42 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128223632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Nakahigashi, T. Yanagitani, M. Matsukawa, Y. Watanabe
{"title":"C-axis parallel oriented ZnO film SH-SAW sensor for electrical conductivity measurement in liquid","authors":"Y. Nakahigashi, T. Yanagitani, M. Matsukawa, Y. Watanabe","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0198","url":null,"abstract":"A shear horizontal type surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) device can be a sensor operating in liquid, because SH-SAW propagates at liquid/solid interface without energy leakage to liquid. This device can detect changes in conductivity and viscosity of liquid. c-axis parallel oriented ZnO film can be one of the best candidates for the SH-SAW liquid sensor on various substrates. Theoretical investigation of K2 value in IDT / ZnO (0°, 90°, Ψ) film / silica glass substrate structure showed that maximum value of K2 = 3.4 % was found at Ψ = 55° with H / λ = 0.21. In this study, we fabricated these structures and evaluated K2 values. Finally, the electrical conductivity of liquid was detected as the velocity change.","PeriodicalId":257745,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127111397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Skachkov, K. Kooiman, Y. Luan, T. van der Steen, N. de Jong
{"title":"Sonoporation of endothelial cells in vivo","authors":"I. Skachkov, K. Kooiman, Y. Luan, T. van der Steen, N. de Jong","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0363","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasound contrast agents as drug delivery systems are an emerging field. Recently, it was shown that targeted microbubbles (tMB) are able to sonoporate endothelial cells in vitro. This study investigates if tMB can also induce sonoporation in vivo, thereby making it possible to combine molecular imaging and drug delivery. Live chicken embryos were chosen as in vivo model. avβ3-tMB attached to the vessel wall of the chicken embryo were insonified at 1MHz (1× 1000 cycles) at 200 kPa peak negative acoustic pressure. Sonoporation was studied optically using the model drug propidium iodide (PI). We observed 5% PI uptake when 1 or 2 tMB adhered, while this increased up to 80% when more than 10 tMB adhered. Ultrasound or tMB alone did not induce PI uptake. This in vivo study reveals that sonoporation can be induced using tMB at low acoustic pressure, without vessel rupture or extravasation of red blood cells. Further, it was shown that a higher MB concentration on the cell increased the efficiency of sonoporation.","PeriodicalId":257745,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130517847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on rotation speed control of coiled stator ultrasonic motor using pulse width modulation","authors":"T. Omura, M. Tanabe, K. Okubo, N. Tagawa","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0418","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a traveling-wave-type miniature ultrasonic motor using a helical coiled waveguide as a stator. In this motor, the elliptical motion of the surface particle due to the flexural ultrasonic waves rotates the rotor, which can be placed adjacently inside or outside the stator, via the frictional force. In this motor, there is no pre-pressure between a stator and a rotor, there is a gap of constant size between them. Hence, it is difficult to rotate the rotor by low voltage, because the frictional force cannot work properly when the amplitude of the flexural waves is small. To avoid this problem, in this study, we apply the pulse width modulation (PWM) to this motor as a driving scheme.","PeriodicalId":257745,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133764407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel imaging method of coded THI using multi chirp signals","authors":"M. Tanabe, T. Yamamuray, K. Okuboy, N. Tagaway","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0093","url":null,"abstract":"In medical ultrasound imaging, tissue harmonic imaging (THI), coded excitation and a combination of both (coded THI) have been investigated by many researchers. In THI, a spectral overlap occurs between fundamental and harmonic components, and it makes axial resolution worse. Especially, the spectral overlap in coded THI causes a specific artifact which is caused by inappropriate cross-correlation between fundamental component of echo signal and the matched filter for harmonic. To avoid the spectral overlap, the pulse inversion (PI) method, which excites two phase-inverted pulses, has been used. However, the PI is sensitive to tissue motion. In coded excitation especially chirp, a longer coded signal enables a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) imaging However, there is temporal overlap between a transmitted signal and echo signal from near region when the longer coded signal is used. The objective of this study is to realize high SNR and high axial resolution imaging by removing the time and the spectral overlaps existing in the coded THI.","PeriodicalId":257745,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130396251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Akkus, J. Bosch, G. Renaud, A. Hoogi, G. T. ten Kate, S. V. D. Van Den Oord, A. Schinkel, N. de Jong, A. V. D. van der Steen
{"title":"Motion compensation method for quantification of neovascularization in carotid atherosclerotic plaques with contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)","authors":"Z. Akkus, J. Bosch, G. Renaud, A. Hoogi, G. T. ten Kate, S. V. D. Van Den Oord, A. Schinkel, N. de Jong, A. V. D. van der Steen","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2011.0284","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have linked intraplaque neovascularization (IPN) with progressive atherosclerotic disease and plaque instability. An accurate quantification of IPN may allow early detection of vulnerable plaques. In this study, a dedicated motion compensation method was developed for quantification of IPN in small plaques (<;30% diameter stenosis). Motion compensation is a prerequisite to analyze identical regions of interest (ROI) for accurate quantification of IPN. Side-by-side CEUS and B-mode ultrasound images of carotid arteries were acquired by a Philips iU22 system with a L9-3 linear array probe. The motion pattern for the plaque region was obtained from the B-mode images with a tuned speckle tracking (ST) method with subpixel precision and applied to contrast images. In-vivo validation was done by comparing ST to manual tracking by two experts for multibeat image sequences (MIS) of 11 plaques. In the in-vivo validation, error was 51.4 ± 91 μm for X (longitudinal) and 18.7 ± 39.8 μm for Y (radial). The ST success rate was visually assessed on 67 atherosclerotic wall plaque MIS. The tracking was considered failed if the ST deviated >; 2 pixels from true motion in any frame. Tracking was scored as fully successful in 52 MIS (78%). The proposed motion tracking is sufficiently accurate and successful for in vivo application.","PeriodicalId":257745,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128255877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}