2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft)最新文献

Quantifying the adoption of Kotlin on Android stores: Insight from the bytecode 量化Kotlin在Android商店的应用:来自字节码的洞察

2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00019

Geoffrey Hecht, Alexandre Bergel

{"title":"Quantifying the adoption of Kotlin on Android stores: Insight from the bytecode","authors":"Geoffrey Hecht, Alexandre Bergel","doi":"10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00019","url":null,"abstract":"Android apps have been traditionally built using Java since the inception of Android. However, Google announced Kotlin as an official supported language for the Android platform in May 2017. Since then, the popularity of Kotlin for Android projects has steadily increased, to the point that Google announced in 2019 that \"Android development will be Kotlin-first\" with nearly 60% of the top 1,000 Android apps containing Kotlin code. Yet, the transition from Java to Kotlin seems gradual and most applications still partially use Java. Outside open-source apps, little is known about the real proportion of code written in Kotlin inside apps. This paper supports a better understanding of the adoption of Kotlin in the Android ecosystem. We propose an approach to identify the language, Java or Kotlin, in which a class bytecode of an Android Package Kit (APK) originate from. We applied our model on more than 200k closed-source APKs from app stores and found that (i) most of the apps classes are still written in Java, indicating a mitigated adoption of Kotlin in less popular apps, (ii) the penetration of Kotlin is steadily increasing since 2017. We believe our insights are valuable to assess the adoption of Kotlin at large.","PeriodicalId":257528,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft)","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115729633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

ITDroid: A Tool for Automated Detection of i18n Issues on Android Apps ITDroid:用于自动检测Android应用程序中的i18n问题的工具

2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00012

Camilo Escobar-Velásquez, Andrés Donoso-Diaz, M. Linares-Vásquez

引用次数: 1

GraphifyEvolution - A Modular Approach to Analysing Source Code Histories graphhifyevolution——分析源代码历史的模块化方法

2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00009

Kristiina Rahkema, Dietmar Pfahl

{"title":"GraphifyEvolution - A Modular Approach to Analysing Source Code Histories","authors":"Kristiina Rahkema, Dietmar Pfahl","doi":"10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00009","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of mobile applications has gained popularity in recent years. Multiple tools have been developed to find code smells in mobile applications. To analyse code evolution of mobile applications researchers have mostly written scripts to parse repository histories and apply existing code smell tools for each commit. Some specialised tools have been developed for analysing code smell histories but they only apply one specific method of finding code smells. We developed a modular and extendable tool called GraphifyEvolution that makes it possible to analyse code repositories by analysing changes in each commit and saving the application structure, including all changes, into a Neo4j graph database. We built the tool with Swift applications in mind, especially iOS applications and frameworks, but due to its modular nature it is possible to add support for other languages easily. Implementing analysers that allow for running external analysis tools for each commit and inserting the results into the application database are also possible. Combining information on the structure of applications and its evolution with results from external code analysis tools helps answer a multitude of research questions. Given its modular nature, we hope that our tool will be useful to researchers who wish to analyse source code histories. We have currently implemented support for the languages Swift, Java, C++ and for the external tools jscpd (code duplicate scanner) and insider (vulnerability scanner).","PeriodicalId":257528,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft)","volume":"238 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121067782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

SequalsK—A Bidirectional Swift-Kotlin-Transpiler sequalsk -双向Swift-Kotlin-Transpiler

2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00017

Dominik Schultes

{"title":"SequalsK—A Bidirectional Swift-Kotlin-Transpiler","authors":"Dominik Schultes","doi":"10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00017","url":null,"abstract":"Developing two separate versions of an app for iOS and Android causes considerable efforts. Therefore, a lot of cross-platform development frameworks are available that are able to produce apps for both platforms out of a single code base. However, there are tradeoffs that are connected with these frameworks, in particular, a high tool dependency. Therefore, we propose to stick with native development but to take advantage of the shrinking gap between both platforms due to the fact that the current programming languages, Swift for iOS and Kotlin for Android, are considerably more alike than their respective predecessors. Relating to the model-view- controller design pattern, we propose to automatically transpile the model part (which includes the business logic) of the app in a bidirectional fashion, i.e., from Kotlin to Swift and vice versa. This way, iOS experts can concentrate on optimizing the user interface (view- and controller-part) for iOS, and Android experts can do the same for Android, but all developers can jointly work on the shared model part: each developer can read, correct, and enhance the source code of the model using their own preferred programming language; the resulting version is then transpiled to an equivalent version in the other language.We present a working prototype of a transpiler—which we call SequalsK—that supports the majority of the important constructs of both languages and is able to generate syntactically and semantically correct Kotlin code out of Swift code and vice versa.In a case study we show that the model part of a board game app can be transpiled in both directions without any limitations. Starting with a working Swift version, the Android version can be derived with little manual effort: the automatically transpiled model part forms 86 percent of the resulting source code.","PeriodicalId":257528,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115621020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

KotlinDetector: Towards Understanding the Implications of Using Kotlin in Android Applications KotlinDetector:了解在Android应用程序中使用Kotlin的含义

2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00018

Fadi Mohsen, Loran Oosterhaven, F. Turkmen

引用次数: 0

An earthquake alert system based on a collaborative approach using smart devices 一种基于智能设备协同方法的地震警报系统

2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00014

I. Khan, Manish Pandey, Young-Woo Kwon

{"title":"An earthquake alert system based on a collaborative approach using smart devices","authors":"I. Khan, Manish Pandey, Young-Woo Kwon","doi":"10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00014","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, mobile devices such as smartphones and IoT devices have been successfully used for detecting earthquakes using their built-in accelerometers. To utilize such devices as a seismic sensor, there are two approaches including a standalone or a client-server approach. The client-server approach is more accurate than the stand-alone approach but requires high-performance servers and network infrastructures to process acceleration data captured from many client devices. In the standalone approach, straightforward earthquake detection algorithms can be easily implemented on less powerful mobile devices, but there is a possibility of false alarms. To address this limitation, in this paper, we present a collaborative approach that detects an earthquake using multiple smartphones located in a near area so as to improve the earthquake detection ability of the standalone approach without system and network infrastructures. In our approach, smartphones located in a near area construct a seismic network to detect earthquakes together and then wait for any shakings caused by human activities, mechanical vibrations, earthquakes, etc. When a smartphone detects an earthquakelike motion using an earthquake detection algorithm based on a simple neural network, it broadcasts the detection result to nearby smartphones in a multi-hop manner. Upon receipt of the detection results from nearby smartphones, each smartphone participating in the seismic network performs a decision-making process and confirms an earthquake and then instantiates an alert. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, so we believe that our approach can be effectively used in high seismic countries that lack an earthquake early warning system (EEWS).","PeriodicalId":257528,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130661175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Refactoring on Quality Metrics in Android Applications 重构对Android应用质量指标影响的实证研究

2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00010

Oumayma Hamdi, Ali Ouni, E. Alomar, Mel Ó Cinnéide, Mohamed Wiem Mkaouer

{"title":"An Empirical Study on the Impact of Refactoring on Quality Metrics in Android Applications","authors":"Oumayma Hamdi, Ali Ouni, E. Alomar, Mel Ó Cinnéide, Mohamed Wiem Mkaouer","doi":"10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00010","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile applications must continuously evolve, sometimes under such time pressure that poor design or implementation choices are made, which inevitably result in structural software quality problems. Refactoring is the widely-accepted approach to ameliorating such quality problems. While the impact of refactoring on software quality has been widely studied in object-oriented software, its impact is still unclear in the context of mobile apps. This paper reports on the first empirical study that aims to address this gap. We conduct a large empirical study that analyses the evolution history of 300 open-source Android apps exhibiting a total of 42,181 refactoring operations. We analyze the impact of these refactoring operations on 10 common quality metrics using a causal inference method based on the Difference-in-Differences (DiD) model. Our results indicate that when refactoring affects the metrics it generally improves them. In many cases refactoring has no significant impact on the metrics, whereas one metric (LCOM) deteriorates overall as a result of refactoring. These findings provide practical insights into the current practice of refactoring in the context of Android app development.","PeriodicalId":257528,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft)","volume":"25 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130601622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Towards Understanding iOS App Store Search Advertising: An Explorative Study 理解iOS App Store搜索广告:一项探索性研究

2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00011

Siming Su, Haoyu Wang, Guoai Xu

{"title":"Towards Understanding iOS App Store Search Advertising: An Explorative Study","authors":"Siming Su, Haoyu Wang, Guoai Xu","doi":"10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00011","url":null,"abstract":"With millions of apps competing in the market, one major issue for app developers is to get their apps discovered by intended users. iOS App Store Search Advertisement (ASA) is a mechanism that provides app developers a chance to increasing the awareness of their apps within the iOS App Store by bidding related searching keywords. However, as one of the most efficient methods to promoting apps, ASA has not been touched by our research community, to the best of our knowledge. To fill the void, in this paper, we present the first large scale explorative study on understanding iOS app store search advertising. Specifically, we have created the first dataset on ASA promotion, covering over 47K popular apps across 22 categories and over 2.8 million ASA bidding keywords during the first week of 2021. Based on this dataset, we investigate the adoption of ASA in the wild and the characteristics of the bidding keywords. Furthermore, we created a large-scale app-keyword relation graph, based on which we infer the app competitive relations. We observed two types of app competitive relations, i.e., explicit competition that the advertised apps intended to attract users who search the corresponding target apps by embedding their names into the ASA keywords, and implicit competitions that apps share a large portion of bidding keywords with others. Our efforts reveal interesting implications to stakeholders in the mobile app ecosystem, including app markets and app developers, etc. our study is the first step towards understanding and improving the in-market mobile app promotion mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":257528,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115099804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Instant Messaging on the Energy Consumption of Android Devices 即时通讯对Android设备能耗的影响

2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00007

S. Rammos, Mansi Mundra, Guijin Xu, Chuyi Tong, Wojciech Ziolkowski, I. Malavolta

{"title":"The Impact of Instant Messaging on the Energy Consumption of Android Devices","authors":"S. Rammos, Mansi Mundra, Guijin Xu, Chuyi Tong, Wojciech Ziolkowski, I. Malavolta","doi":"10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00007","url":null,"abstract":"Context. One of the primary uses of mobile devices is to send and receive instant messages via messaging apps. However, no evidence is still available about how receiving instant messages impacts the energy consumption of mobile devices.Goal. With this study we aim to empirically assess to what extent the number and distribution of received instant messages impact the energy consumption of Android devices.Method. The subjects of our experiment are WhatsApp and Telegram, two of the most known and used messaging apps. Each run of the experiment lasts 5 minutes and is executed on a Nexus 9 Android device. The independent variables of the experiment are: (i) the frequency of the received messages (i.e., 0, 10, 25, 50 per minute) and (ii) the distribution of messages arrival (i.e., evenly or in bursts). The dependent variable of the experiment is the energy consumption of the Android device in Joules.Results. We confirm that the energy consumption of the Android device tends to be proportional with the number of received messages across both apps. When the number of received messages is fixed, the frequency of their arrival does not significantly impact the energy consumption of the Android device.Conclusions. This study provides evidence that receiving instant messages can largely reduce the battery life of a user’s Android device, even when the number of received messages is relatively low (i.e., 10 messages per minute). Moreover, sending bursts of messages does not lead to significant changes in terms of energy consumption. Developers can use this information to develop new features for their Instant Messaging apps for aggressively bundling messages without the risk of impacting the energy consumption of end users’ devices.","PeriodicalId":257528,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130455673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Logging Practices with Mobile Analytics: An Empirical Study on Firebase 移动分析的日志记录实践:对Firebase的实证研究

2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft) Pub Date : 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00013

Julian Harty, Haonan Zhang, Lili Wei, L. Pascarella, M. Aniche, Weiyi Shang

{"title":"Logging Practices with Mobile Analytics: An Empirical Study on Firebase","authors":"Julian Harty, Haonan Zhang, Lili Wei, L. Pascarella, M. Aniche, Weiyi Shang","doi":"10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MobileSoft52590.2021.00013","url":null,"abstract":"Software logs are of great value in both industrial and open-source projects. Mobile analytics logging enables developers to collect logs remotely from their apps running on end user devices at the cost of recording and transmitting logs across the Internet to a centralised infrastructure.This paper makes a first step in characterising logging practices with a widely adopted mobile analytics logging library, namely Firebase Analytics. We provide an empirical evaluation of the use of Firebase Analytics in 57 open-source Android applications by studying the evolution of code-bases to understand: a) the needs-in-common that push practitioners to adopt logging practices on mobile devices, and b) the differences in the ways developers use local and remote logging.Our results indicate mobile analytics logs are less pervasive and less maintained than traditional logging code. Based on our analysis, we believe logging using mobile analytics is more user centered compared to traditional logging, where the latter is mainly used to record information for debugging purposes.","PeriodicalId":257528,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/ACM 8th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MobileSoft)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125047760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14