ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)最新文献

{"title":"Note: Cheating and Morality Problems in the Tertiary Education Level: A COVID-19 Perspective in Bangladesh","authors":"Md Ulfat Tahsin, Ifti Azad Abeer, Nova Ahmed","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534834","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 pandemic has impacted every sphere of students’ life along with forcing the transition to online education which brought a significant change in the learning habits of students. Different options like using file-sharing websites, online solvers etc. for cheating were exploited by the students in the tertiary education level. We explored the driving factors of cheating by the university students (Female = 17, Male = 28). We found that the stress during the pandemic; easy availability of online materials; and competitive nature of students impelled them to cheat. The students asserted that adapting these ways of cheating has affected their various significant skills as students. The conversations show that appropriate measures to motivate students to stop cheating must be taken. Our study contributes to the research community by exploring the different factors of cheating in online exams in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128317237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Note: Towards Devising an Efficient VQA in the Bengali Language","authors":"S. Islam, Riyad Ahsan Auntor, Minhajul Islam, Mohammad Yousuf Hossain Anik, A. Islam, Jannatun Noor","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534837","url":null,"abstract":"Designing and implementing visual question answering tasks using Bengali datasets and native VQA based smart systems are important, as a huge number of people speak in Bengali who are relatively less advanced to technology adoption due to the language barrier. The important designing and implementing tasks are little explored in the literature. Therefore, we attempt to investigate the tasks in depth in this study. To do so, we follow a step-by-step procedure for overcoming different barriers encountered while adopting datasets as well as creating our own Bengali CLEVR and Bengali VQA. We perform different sets of experiments to demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed approach. Various VQA-based smart systems for Bengali speakers covering virtual doctors, navigation systems, smart glasses for the visually-impaired people, and so on can be benefited from this study through making the applications usable and understandable to those who are not fluent in a foreign language such as English.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127357369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LoRaX: Repurposing LoRa as a Low Data Rate Messaging System to Extend Internet Boundaries","authors":"Morgan Vigil-Hayes, M. Hossain, Alexander K Elliott, E. Belding-Royer, E. Zegura","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534807","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, 43% of households lack Internet access, primarily in regions where deployment and/or service costs are prohibitive, including in the least developed countries, rural locations, and regions with high concentrations of ethnic minorities and low-income populations. Unfortunately, this lack of Internet access increasingly equates to a lack of access to essential services, such as healthcare, education, and economic opportunities. In an environment of marginal economics, creative and varied approaches to obtaining access have flourished, including Internet kiosks long popular in the Global South, libraries as public access in the Global North, parking lot use of open WiFi access points, and spectrum-based solutions such as TV whitespace links and citizen band radio. In the near future, local 5G and the deployment of satellite constellations promise yet additional options in the price/performance space for access. In this context we are interested in the following research question: How can the presence of multiple networks, with different price, performance, and geographic reach profiles, be best used in concert to improve access to critical services? We propose that a robust answer to this question bears a holistic, cross-layer examination of new communication paradigms, network architecture innovation, and application design. We make this concrete by running to ground a specific case study of two networks, one high performance yet limited in geographic scope and the other low performance yet pervasive. Specifically our LoRaX (LoRa eXtends the Internet) system combines high bandwidth but non-pervasive Internet access with a low data rate, low power, yet ubiquitious network made possible by IoT developments. By focusing on two networks with extreme differences, we explore a design space that offers users new opportunities for participating in Internet-based services–even when high speed Internet connectivity is intermittent. We also reflect on the generality of the environment and our solution approach for future multi-network settings.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132174661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“We dream of climbing the ladder; to get there, we have to do our job better”: Designing for Teacher Aspirations in rural Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"V. Cannanure, Eloísa Ávila-Uribe, Tricia J. Ngoon, Y. Adji, S. Wolf, K. Jasińska, T. Brown, A. Ogan","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534794","url":null,"abstract":"As governments in developing countries race to solve the global learning crisis, a key focus is on novel teaching approaches as taught in pedagogical programs. To scale, these pedagogical programs rely on government teacher training infrastructure. However, these programs face challenges in rural parts of Africa where there is a lack of advisor support, teachers are isolated and technology infrastructure is still emerging. Conversational agents have addressed some of these challenges by scaling expert knowledge and providing personalized interactions, but it is unclear how this work can translate to rural African contexts. To explore the use of such technology in this design space, we conducted two related studies. The first was a qualitative study with 20 teachers and ministry officials in rural Côte d’Ivoire to understand opportunities and challenges in technology use for these stakeholders. Second, we shared a conversational agent probe over WhatsApp to 38 teachers for 14-weeks to better understand what we learned in the survey and to uncover realistic use cases from these stakeholders. Our findings were examined through a theoretical lens of aspirations to discover sustainable design directions for conversational agents to support teachers in low infrastructure settings.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126346471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Note: Home Location Detection from Mobile Phone Data: Evidence from Togo","authors":"Rachel Warren, Emily L. Aiken, J. Blumenstock","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534830","url":null,"abstract":"Algorithms for home location inference from mobile phone data are frequently used to make high-stakes policy decisions, particularly when traditional sources of location data are unreliable or out of date. This paper documents analysis we performed in support of the government of Togo during the COVID-19 pandemic, using location information from mobile phone data to direct emergency humanitarian aid to individuals in specific geographic regions. This analysis, based on mobile phone records from millions of Togolese subscribers, highlights three main results. First, we show that a simple algorithm based on call frequencies performs reasonably well in identifying home locations, and may be suitable in contexts where machine learning methods are not feasible. Second, when machine learning algorithms can be trained with reliable and representative data, we find that they generally out-perform simpler frequency-based approaches. Third, we document considerable heterogeneity in the accuracy of home location inference algorithms across population subgroups, and discuss strategies to ensure that vulnerable mobile phone subscribers are not disadvantaged by home location inference algorithms.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126471245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Note: Picking Sides: The influencer-driven #HijabBan discourse on Twitter","authors":"Soham De, Anmol Panda, J. Pal","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534841","url":null,"abstract":"Social Media is increasingly central to culture wars, and in recent years has been at the center of debates around the weaponization of peoples’ opinions in polarized situations. We examine one such issue, an attempt to allow schools and junior colleges to ban girls from wearing Hijab in India in the southern state of Karnataka, India, by studying Twitter messaging related to the issue in early 2022, when it was in the news. We find that the narrative supporting the ban of the Hijab on Twitter is primarily driven by a minority of highly-influential individuals who are predominantly male and polarised in favour of the ruling party, while the discourse against the ban relies largely on influencers from within the Muslim community. Our findings show that social media can be a useful tool to craft the contours of politically-motivated escalation in the Global South.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131526879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Note: Image-based Prediction of House Attributes with Deep Learning","authors":"Weimin Huang, Alexander W. Olson, Elias Boutros Khalil, Shoshanna Saxe","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534828","url":null,"abstract":"We present an image dataset and a deep learning model that enable the prediction of attributes such as floor area for low-rise buildings (i.e., houses). The dataset consists of 34,600 images of 16,403 buildings in the city of Toronto, Canada, each of which is associated with floor area. The ability to predict such an attribute can facilitate accurate, automated city-scale analysis of the built environment, which can then serve as a basis for policy evaluation and recommendation. A deep convolutional neural network is devised for the task, achieving normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of 34.24% for interior floor area.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134032199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demo: Visualizing USSD and IVR Usage Data with Icicle Charts","authors":"Matt Ziegler, Galen Cassebeer Weld, Ewin Tang, Maureen Daum","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3542934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3542934","url":null,"abstract":"Software designers in many parts of the world rely on Interactive Voice Response (IVR) and Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) to create applications that work universally on basic mobile phones. In this work, we demonstrate our use of hierarchical visualizations like icicle charts to explore the usage data generated by IVR and USSD applications, helping designers understand user behavior and evaluate the efficacy of the applications’ different components. By adding interactive elements, a viewer could zoom down to to see details about users’ behavior from a certain screen, or filter users by different demographics.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"02 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124476470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Portrayals of Race and Gender: Sentiment in 100 Years of Children’s Literature","authors":"Anjali Adukia, Callista Christ, Anjali Das, Ayush Raj","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534811","url":null,"abstract":"The way that people of different identities are portrayed in children’s books can send subconscious messages about how positively or negatively children should think about people with those identities. These messages can then shape the next generation’s perceptions and attitudes about people, which can have important implications for belief formation and resource allocation. In this paper, we make two contributions: (1) we examine the depiction of race and gender in award-winning children’s books from the last century, and (2) we examine how consumption of these books relates to local beliefs. First, we analyze the sentiment associated with the famous individuals mentioned in these books. While the sentiment surrounding women is positive overall, on average, we see that Black women are more often portrayed with negative sentiment in Mainstream books, while White women are more often portrayed with positive sentiment. Because children’s books in the United States depict more White women overall, this disguises the more negative intersectional portrayals of Black women. Books that center underrepresented identities are more likely to portray all characters with more positive sentiment. A century ago, women were much less positively spoken about than men, but the average sentiment of females and males has converged over time. The difference in sentiment connected with Black people and White people has also decreased over time, but there still remains a substantial gap. Second, we then analyze the relationship between book purchases and local beliefs to understand the potential messages being transmitted to children in different parts of society. We see that more purchases of books with positive sentiment towards Black characters are associated with a larger proportion of individuals who believe that White people in the United States have certain advantages because of the color of their skin and who are angry that racism exists. Understanding the messages that may be implicitly – or explicitly – sent to children through highly influential books can lend insight into the factors that may shape children’s beliefs and attitudes.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123916591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Note: Importance of Digital Profile Pictures on Social Media Perceived by Different Groups","authors":"Dipto Das, M. Bhattacharyya, L. Gaytán-Lugo, Ebtisam Alabdulqader, Nova Ahmed","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534853","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays much of human interaction are taking place online and on social networking sites. These platforms often encourage people to use profile pictures as parts of their profiles. To understand digital identity construction across various user communities and to foster inclusive, diverse, and sustainable online interactions among them, it is imperative to understand the perception of different users groups about digital profile pictures (DPP). In order to explore this, we conducted a cross-border analysis on different social media platforms. Based on a quantitative study on more than 500 responses from a two-week survey of social media users from 29 different countries, we observed how people from various demographic groups perceive the importance of DPPs. Our results suggest that the perception is significantly different across some social factors and social media usage behavior.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115853938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}