Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology最新文献_第3页

A comparative morphological study of the ligamentum lamina nuchae and ligamenta interspinalia reveals enthesis patterns at the sites of attachment from the second to seventh cervical vertebrae in four extant species of Equus 通过对四种现存马的颈板韧带和棘间韧带的比较形态学研究，揭示了从第二到第七颈椎的附着部位的内节形态

Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology Pub Date : 2020-12-08 DOI: 10.18435/vamp29368

S. May-Davis, R. Hunter, W. Brown

{"title":"A comparative morphological study of the ligamentum lamina nuchae and ligamenta interspinalia reveals enthesis patterns at the sites of attachment from the second to seventh cervical vertebrae in four extant species of Equus","authors":"S. May-Davis, R. Hunter, W. Brown","doi":"10.18435/vamp29368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18435/vamp29368","url":null,"abstract":"Morphological variation in the attachment sites of the ligamentum lamina nuchae and ligamentainterspinalia to the 2nd to 7th cervical vertebrae is described in four species of Equus, and enthesis patterns inrelation to these attachment sites are explored. This comparative study provides new insights with respect tothis variation in the zebrine and asinine clades within Equus. In zebrines (Equus caballus, E. quagga boehmiand E. przewalskii), the ligamentum lamina nuchae attaches to the eminence of the cervical dorsal spinesfrom either the 2nd to 5th, and or 2nd to 7th. These attachments resemble digits and between each digit anaperture is apparent. The ligamenta interspinalia attach to the base of each cervical dorsal spine from the 2ndto 7th before progressing caudally onto the thoracic dorsal spines. Three enthesis patterns per cervical dorsalspine correspond to the size and shape of these ligaments. In contrast, in asinines (as represented by Equusasinus), the ligamentum lamina nuchae attaches without digitation to the complete sagittal ridge of the cervicalvertebra including the dorsal spine and exhibits no ligamenta interspinalia. Consequently, the enthesispattern is represented by a raised sagittal ridge only, excluding the 7th cervical dorsal spine. These differencesbetween the ligamentum lamina nuchae and ligamenta interspinalia attachment sites create distinct enthesispatterns that differentiate zebrines from asinines. Findings include: differing ligamentous morphology; associatedenthesis patterns corresponding to attachment sites of the ligaments to the cervical vertebrae; influencesin dorsal spine morphology subject to the presence or absence of the ligaments; and the postulation ofevolutionary functional adaptions in response to environmental influences between the two Equus clades.These results may be useful for palaeontologists in the identification of isolated cervical vertebrae.","PeriodicalId":256887,"journal":{"name":"Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116586969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A chasmosaurine ceratopsid premaxilla from the basal sandstone of the Hell Creek Formation, Montana 蒙大拿地狱溪组基底砂岩中发现的裂口龙角鼻类前颌类

Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology Pub Date : 2020-11-10 DOI: 10.18435/vamp29366

John B. Scannella

{"title":"A chasmosaurine ceratopsid premaxilla from the basal sandstone of the Hell Creek Formation, Montana","authors":"John B. Scannella","doi":"10.18435/vamp29366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18435/vamp29366","url":null,"abstract":"A well-preserved large chasmosaurine ceratopsid premaxilla (MOR 1122 7-22-00-1) collected from the basal sandstone of the Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation (HCF) represents one of the stratigraphically lowest ceratopsid occurrences in the formation. The specimen was discovered in 2000, during the excavation of a large Torosaurus latus skull (MOR 1122) which was later hypothesized to represent an advanced growth stage of the more commonly recovered HCF ceratopsid Triceratops. MOR 1122 7-22-00-1 compares favorably with the incomplete premaxillae of the MOR 1122 skull and reveals details of premaxilla morphology from this stratigraphic zone. It preserves large, closely spaced ventromedial foramina, a narrow triangular process, and a thin septal flange at the base of the narial strut. The nasal process is narrow, caudally inclined and has a forked dorsal surface which appears to represent an intermediate between the morphology expressed in the slightly stratigraphically lower ceratopsid Eotriceratops xerinsularis from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Alberta and specimens recovered higher in the HCF. MOR 1122 7-22-00-1 expresses a deep recess extending medial to the strut of the triangular process, a feature shared with other HCF ceratopsid specimens but not Eotriceratops or other earlier occurring triceratopsin taxa. The morphology of MOR 1122 7-22-00-1 is consistent with noted stratigraphic trends in HCF ceratopsids and highlights the increased complexity of the narial region in uppermost Cretaceous triceratopsins.","PeriodicalId":256887,"journal":{"name":"Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114427989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Specimen of Xiphiorhynchus sp. cf. aegyptiacus (Istiophoriformes, Xiphioidei, Xiphiidae) and Billfish Diversity in the Oligocene of South Carolina 南卡罗莱纳渐新世剑喙科剑喙科剑喙科剑喙科剑喙类新标本及长嘴鱼多样性

Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology Pub Date : 2020-07-13 DOI: 10.18435/vamp29367

W. McCuen, Aika S. Ishimori, R. Boessenecker

{"title":"A New Specimen of Xiphiorhynchus sp. cf. aegyptiacus (Istiophoriformes, Xiphioidei, Xiphiidae) and Billfish Diversity in the Oligocene of South Carolina","authors":"W. McCuen, Aika S. Ishimori, R. Boessenecker","doi":"10.18435/vamp29367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18435/vamp29367","url":null,"abstract":"A partial billfish rostrum from the Chandler Bridge Formation (Early Chattian, Oligocene) near Ladson, South Carolina, U.S.A., is described and identified as Xiphiorhynchus sp. cf. aegyptiacus. The angle of taper, depth to width ratio of the cross section, and other morphological features (including dorsolateral grooves and a planoconvex cross-section), indicate that this specimen (and an earlier published speccimen) is closest in morphology to X. aegyptiacus from the Eocene Birket Qarun Formation of Egypt. This confirms the presence of a second xiphiid in the Chandler Bridge Formation besides the well-documented giant swordfish X. rotundus. This is an unusual example of two Xiphiorhynchus species existing in known sympatry, and strongly contrasting morphologies and morphometrics may point to niche partitioning between the two forms. The occurrence of specimens strongly resembling X. aegyptiacus in the western Atlantic also further substantiates past arguments that easy dispersal across the Atlantic was possible for this genus, and, by extension, that it shared the open-sea, migratory epipelagic lifestyle of modern swordfish. Moreover, the Chandler Bridge Formation boasts the most diverse billfish assemblage in the world, including Xiphiorhynchus sp., cf. X. aegyptiacus, X. rotundus, an early istiophorid, and 4-7 species of blochiid billfish in the genera Aglyptorhynchus and Cylindracanthus.","PeriodicalId":256887,"journal":{"name":"Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133328956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

A morphological study of vertebral centra in extant species of pike, Esox (Teleostei: Esociformes) 现存梭子鱼脊椎中心的形态学研究(直骨目:直形目)

Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology Pub Date : 2019-12-14 DOI: 10.18435/vamp29357

Sinjini Sinha, D. Brinkman, A. Murray

{"title":"A morphological study of vertebral centra in extant species of pike, Esox (Teleostei: Esociformes)","authors":"Sinjini Sinha, D. Brinkman, A. Murray","doi":"10.18435/vamp29357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18435/vamp29357","url":null,"abstract":" Isolated centra of members of the Esocidae occur frequently in vertebrate microfossil localities of Late Cretaceous and early Paleocene age and are an important source of data on the early history of the family. However, morphological variation along the vertebral column can lead to incorrect interpretations of diversity if they are not recognized. To facilitate the use of centra for interpreting the diversity and distribution of esocids in Cretaceous vertebrate microfossil localities, the variation along the column in five extant species of esocids is described. Comparison with Cretaceous centra referred to the Esocidae allows identification of a series of features in which species of Esox differ from basal members of the family. These include the presence of a mid-ventral groove bordered by a pair of low budges on centra in the anterior end of the column, and antero-lateral processes on the posterior abdominal and anterior caudal centra. These differences provide a basis for recognizing early occurrences of the genus Esox in the fossil record and thus will allow centra to be used to document the timing of origin of the genus.","PeriodicalId":256887,"journal":{"name":"Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130220363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

An aberrant bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) with multiple anatomical abnormalities 一种有多种解剖异常的畸形秃鹰(白头海雕)

Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology Pub Date : 2019-09-04 DOI: 10.18435/vamp29351

Jeremy J Klingler, Christine Glasmann

{"title":"An aberrant bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) with multiple anatomical abnormalities","authors":"Jeremy J Klingler, Christine Glasmann","doi":"10.18435/vamp29351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18435/vamp29351","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic abnormalities, especially polydactyly, are quite common among birds. Although there are numerous accounts of anatomically abnormal birds with polydactyly, few written anatomical descriptions have elucidated whether or not these physical aberrations extend to the musculoskeletal structure of the feet. Here, we present the findings of a dissection of a 14-week old female bald eagle that exhibited polydactyly and numerous other aberrations and discuss the functional impact these aberrations would cause. The specimen displayed a myriad of feather anomalies including missing feathers (i.e., had never grown in), ingrown feathers, stress bars, and most strikingly, bifurcated feathers wherein two feathers were seen to grow out of one rachis. Further, an extra, anomalous tendon was observed stemming from the tendinous origin of the m. extensor carpi radialis. The carpometacarpi were unable to reach full extension, stopping at less than 140º, and had phalanges bent downward at 45º. This mobility is limited in comparison to that of a normal bird. Most notably, the specimen exhibited polydactyly with one extra hallux on each foot. Several tendons of the left foot were seen to have aberrant connections as well.","PeriodicalId":256887,"journal":{"name":"Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133181853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Temporal range extension and evolution of the chasmosaurine ceratopsid ‘Vagaceratops’ irvinensis (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) in the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta 阿尔伯塔省上白垩纪坎帕尼亚期恐龙公园组chasmosaurus ceratopsid ' Vagaceratops ' irvinensis(恐龙目:Ornithischia)的时间范围扩展与演化

Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology Pub Date : 2019-08-08 DOI: 10.18435/VAMP29356

J. Campbell, M. Ryan, C. Schröder-Adams, R. Holmes, David C Evans

{"title":"Temporal range extension and evolution of the chasmosaurine ceratopsid ‘Vagaceratops’ irvinensis (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) in the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta","authors":"J. Campbell, M. Ryan, C. Schröder-Adams, R. Holmes, David C Evans","doi":"10.18435/VAMP29356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18435/VAMP29356","url":null,"abstract":"The Dinosaur Park Formation (DPF) has a diverse assemblage of chasmosaurines currently represented by Chasmosaurus belli, C. russelli, Vagaceratops irvinensis, and Mercuriceratops gemini, and may also include remains possibly referable to Spiclypeus shipporum. Two skulls, YPM 2016 and AMNH 5402, previously referred to C. belli, both have a straight posterior parietal bar with five epiparietals present (YPM 2016) or inferred (AMNH 5402) on each side – the combination of which is unique to V. irvinensis. Based on our new morphological observations and interpretations of these two skulls, we recover V. irvinensis as a species of Chasmosaurus (C. irvinensis), although the interrelationships between C. irvinensis, C. belli, and C. russelli remain unclear. We refrain from formerly assigning YPM 2016 and AMNH 5402 to C. irvinensis, however, as their parietal fenestrae are significantly larger and their epiparietals are significantly shorter than those of C. irvinensis; instead, we reassign these two skulls to Chasmosaurus sp. Given the low stratigraphic position of YPM 2016 (unknown in AMNH 5402) relative to C. irvinensis, we believe this specimen to represent a basal member of the lineage leading to C. irvinensis. If our assessment is correct, this would indicate that the C. irvinensis lineage has a large degree of stratigraphic overlap with that of C. belli and C. russelli. The close phylogenetic relationship and supposed stratigraphic separation for these three taxa reported in previous studies were used to suggest that they may represent an anagenetic lineage, whereby C. russelli evolved into C. belli, and C. belli evolved into, and was entirely replaced by, the latter. However, the lack of stratigraphic separation between these three taxa indicates that they instead arose via cladogenesis.","PeriodicalId":256887,"journal":{"name":"Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126136436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

A description of a middle Campanian euselachian assemblage from the Bladen Formation of North Carolina, USA. 美国北卡罗莱纳州Bladen组中坎帕尼亚期真叶藻组合描述。

Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology Pub Date : 2019-07-31 DOI: 10.18435/VAMP29345

Gerald R Case, T. Cook, Taylor A. Kightlinger

引用次数: 1

Addendum: Table 2. 附录:表2。

Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology Pub Date : 2019-05-02 DOI: 10.18435/VAMP29350

A. Farke, E. Yip

引用次数: 0

Canadian Society of Vertebrate Palaeontology Abstracts 2019 加拿大脊椎动物古生物学学会文摘2019

Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.18435/VAMP29349

A. Murray, A. Leblanc, R. Holmes

引用次数: 2

A juvenile cf. Edmontosaurus annectens (Ornithischia, Hadrosauridae) femur documents a poorly represented growth stage for this taxon 一具幼年Edmontosaurus annectens(鸟目，鸭嘴龙科)股骨记录了该分类群的发育阶段

Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.18435/VAMP29347

A. Farke, E. Yip

{"title":"A juvenile cf. Edmontosaurus annectens (Ornithischia, Hadrosauridae) femur documents a poorly represented growth stage for this taxon","authors":"A. Farke, E. Yip","doi":"10.18435/VAMP29347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18435/VAMP29347","url":null,"abstract":"A nearly complete, but isolated, femur of a small hadrosaurid from the Hell Creek Formation of Montana is tentatively referred to Edmontosaurus annectens. At 28 cm long, the element can be classified as that from an “early juvenile” individual, approximately 24 percent of the maximum known femur length for this species. Specimens from this size range and age class have not been described previously for E. annectens. Notable trends with increasing body size include increasingly distinct separation of the femoral head and greater trochanter, relative increase in the size of the cranial trochanter, a slight reduction in the relative breadth of the fourth trochanter, and a relative increase in the prominence of the cranial intercondylar groove. The gross profile of the femoral shaft is fairly consistent between the smallest and largest individuals. Although an ontogenetic change from relatively symmetrical to an asymmetrical shape in the fourth trochanter has been suggested previously, the new juvenile specimen shows an asymmetric fourth trochanter. Thus, there may not be a consistent ontogenetic pattern in trochanteric morphology. An isometric relationship between femoral circumference and femoral length is confirmed for Edmontosaurus. Overall ontogenetic trends in the femur of Edmontosaurus are concordant with patterns seen in other Hadrosauridae, supporting a fairly conserved pattern of development for this element within the clade.","PeriodicalId":256887,"journal":{"name":"Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134377989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5