Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies最新文献

Measuring Subnational Digital Gender Inequality in India through Gender Gaps in Facebook Use 通过Facebook使用中的性别差距衡量印度次国家数字性别不平等

Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.1145/3209811.3212698

Yelena Mejova, H. Gandhi, Tejas Jivanbhai Rafaliya, Mayank Rameshbhai Sitapara, R. Kashyap, Ingmar Weber

{"title":"Measuring Subnational Digital Gender Inequality in India through Gender Gaps in Facebook Use","authors":"Yelena Mejova, H. Gandhi, Tejas Jivanbhai Rafaliya, Mayank Rameshbhai Sitapara, R. Kashyap, Ingmar Weber","doi":"10.1145/3209811.3212698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3209811.3212698","url":null,"abstract":"Improving digital literacy and reducing gender inequalities in internet access and use have been recognized as important development targets within the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Tracking progress on digital gender inequalities however is challenging due to limited gender-disaggregated data, especially in less developed country contexts and at the subnational level. We show how data obtained from social media advertising APIs can be used to generate a real-time measure of digital gender inequality. Using data from the Facebook (FB) Marketing API, we document gender gaps in FB use across Indian states and examine to what extent state-level development indicators help predict these gender gaps. Higher GDP per capita, literacy and internet penetration are associated with lower gender gaps in FB presence. These state-level development predictors however are only able to explain a small proportion (7.3%) of the overall variation in gender gaps on FB. Employment-related occupational or industry characteristics from within FB emerge as important variables associated with more gender-balanced FB use.","PeriodicalId":256587,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122381321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

More Than an Engineer: Intersectional Self-Expressions in a Hashtag Activism Campaign for Engineering Diversity 不仅仅是一个工程师:工程多样性的标签激进主义运动中的交叉自我表达

Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.1145/3209811.3212700

A. Johri, Cassie Heyman-Schrum, Daniel Ruiz, Aqdas Malik, Habib Karbasian, Rajat Handa, Hemant Purohit

{"title":"More Than an Engineer: Intersectional Self-Expressions in a Hashtag Activism Campaign for Engineering Diversity","authors":"A. Johri, Cassie Heyman-Schrum, Daniel Ruiz, Aqdas Malik, Habib Karbasian, Rajat Handa, Hemant Purohit","doi":"10.1145/3209811.3212700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3209811.3212700","url":null,"abstract":"The feminist theory of intersectionality asserts that experiences of social categories, such as gender, vary based on context and demographic factors and can be best understood by capturing and analyzing participants' self-expressions. Social media provide a novel setting to study this phenomenon. We examined participants' self-expressions on a campaign for increasing engineering diversity (#ILookLikeanEngineer) and found that, consistent with an intersectionality perspective, in addition to their identity as an engineer, participants opted to: a) expand upon and provide specifics about their engineering identity; b) expressed their affiliation with an institution or company; c) expressed personal aspects of their identity such as family or hobbies; d) expressed support for someone they knew who was an engineer; e) expressed solidarity with other social causes related to diversity; and f) expressed enthusiasm for or mentioned the campaign humorously. This study highlights the inherent complexity of identify that arises when people self-express themselves.","PeriodicalId":256587,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126332981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Infrastructure Resilience for Climate Adaptation 适应气候变化的基础设施复原力

Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.1145/3209811.3209859

Amrita Gupta, Caleb Robinson, B. Dilkina

{"title":"Infrastructure Resilience for Climate Adaptation","authors":"Amrita Gupta, Caleb Robinson, B. Dilkina","doi":"10.1145/3209811.3209859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3209811.3209859","url":null,"abstract":"Developing and maintaining resilient transportation infrastructure is a key strategy for meeting several UN sustainable development goals in the face of climate change-driven extreme flooding events. We present a framework for performing data-driven vulnerability analysis for flooding on existing transportation networks, and use this analysis to inform decision-making about investments for climate adaptation. We apply this approach to study the potential impacts of severe flooding on regional mobility in Senegal, using a combination of flood hazard maps and a travel demand model based on call detail record data. We use the estimated number of infeasible trips as a direct measure of flooding-induced mobility impacts, as well as an objective for minimizing these impacts. We then compare three alternative road network upgrade strategies to assess the extent to which each strategy would preserve network functionality under a given flooding scenario. We illustrate that strategies driven solely by travel demand can lead to underinvestment in roads that are at risk of flooding, while solely focusing on repairing flooded road segments neglects the criticality of those repairs to mobility. For example, in a 100 year flooding scenario with a fixed budget, our strategy that considers both flooding and mobility data can achieve a 53% reduction in the number of infeasible trips, while a strategy that just considers flooding data achieves only a 38% reduction for the same cost. Our framework can be applied more broadly to integrate information from a variety of sources about climate hazards and potential human impacts to make better informed decisions about investments in critical infrastructure systems.","PeriodicalId":256587,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125649934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Designing and Evolving an Electronic Agricultural Marketplace in Uganda 设计和发展乌干达的电子农业市场

Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.1145/3209811.3209862

N. Newman, L. Bergquist, Nicole Immorlica, Kevin Leyton-Brown, Brendan Lucier, Craig McIntosh, J. Quinn, R. Ssekibuule

引用次数: 17

Accessible Privacy-Preserving Web-Based Data Analysis for Assessing and Addressing Economic Inequalities 评估和解决经济不平等的可访问隐私保护网络数据分析

Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.1145/3209811.3212701

A. Lapets, Frederick Jansen, Kinan Dak Albab, Rawane Issa, Lucy Qin, Mayank Varia, Azer Bestavros

{"title":"Accessible Privacy-Preserving Web-Based Data Analysis for Assessing and Addressing Economic Inequalities","authors":"A. Lapets, Frederick Jansen, Kinan Dak Albab, Rawane Issa, Lucy Qin, Mayank Varia, Azer Bestavros","doi":"10.1145/3209811.3212701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3209811.3212701","url":null,"abstract":"An essential component of initiatives that aim to address pervasive inequalities of any kind is the ability to collect empirical evidence of both the status quo baseline and of any improvement that can be attributed to prescribed and deployed interventions. Unfortunately, two substantial barriers can arise preventing the collection and analysis of such empirical evidence: (1) the sensitive nature of the data itself and (2) a lack of technical sophistication and infrastructure available to both an initiative's beneficiaries and to those spearheading it. In the last few years, it has been shown that a cryptographic primitive called secure multi-party computation (MPC) can provide a natural technological resolution to this conundrum. MPC allows an otherwise disinterested third party to contribute its technical expertise and resources, to avoid incurring any additional liabilities itself, and (counterintuitively) to reduce the level of data exposure that existing parties must accept to achieve their data analysis goals. However, achieving these benefits requires the deliberate design of MPC tools and frameworks whose level of accessibility to non-technical users with limited infrastructure and expertise is state-of-the-art. We describe our own experiences designing, implementing, and deploying such usable web applications for secure data analysis within the context of two real-world initiatives that focus on promoting economic equality.","PeriodicalId":256587,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116933196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

Two Approximate Dynamic Programming Algorithms for Managing Complete SIS Networks 管理完整SIS网络的两种近似动态规划算法

Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.1145/3209811.3209814

Martin Péron, P. Bartlett, K. Becker, K. Helmstedt, I. Chades

{"title":"Two Approximate Dynamic Programming Algorithms for Managing Complete SIS Networks","authors":"Martin Péron, P. Bartlett, K. Becker, K. Helmstedt, I. Chades","doi":"10.1145/3209811.3209814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3209811.3209814","url":null,"abstract":"Inspired by the problem of best managing the invasive mosquito Aedes albopictus across the 17 Torres Straits islands of Australia, we aim at solving a Markov decision process on large Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) networks that are highly connected. While dynamic programming approaches can solve sequential decision-making problems on sparsely connected networks, these approaches are intractable for highly connected networks. Inspired by our case study, we focus on problems where the probability of nodes changing state is low and propose two approximate dynamic programming approaches. The first approach is a modified version of value iteration where only those future states that are similar to the current state are accounted for. The second approach models the state space as continuous instead of binary, with an on-line algorithm that takes advantage of Bellman's adapted equation. We evaluate the resulting policies through simulations and provide a priority order to manage the 17 infested Torres Strait islands. Both algorithms show promise, with the continuous state approach being able to scale up to high dimensionality (50 nodes). This work provides a successful example of how AI algorithms can be designed to tackle challenging computational sustainability problems.","PeriodicalId":256587,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130031187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Modeling human migration patterns during drought conditions in La Guajira, Colombia 在哥伦比亚瓜希拉干旱条件下模拟人类迁移模式

Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.1145/3209811.3209861

Sibren Isaacman, V. Frías-Martínez, E. Frías-Martínez

{"title":"Modeling human migration patterns during drought conditions in La Guajira, Colombia","authors":"Sibren Isaacman, V. Frías-Martínez, E. Frías-Martínez","doi":"10.1145/3209811.3209861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3209811.3209861","url":null,"abstract":"Modeling human mobility is key for a variety of applications such as migratory flows, epidemic modeling or traffic estimation. Recently, cell phone traces have been successfully used to model aggregated human mobility, in particular during natural disasters such as earthquakes or flooding. Climate-related environmental change brings a decline of productive agricultural land and livestock which will push rural residents to migrate. As a result, it also has the potential of causing changes in human mobility and cause migrations that have a wider and long standing impact. In this study, using anonymized and aggregated cell phone traces, we model the migrations that happened during a severe drought that happened in La Guajira, Colombia, in 2014. Our results indicate a linear reduction of the population of 10 percent during the 6 months considered for this study. Furthermore, predicting these migrations has about a 60% success rate for both the total number of people that migrate and to where they migrate. We also introduce a modification of the Radiation model in order to capture weather as one of the factors driving mobility, showing a RSS and RMSE reduction of 4.5% when compared with the standard models.","PeriodicalId":256587,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies","volume":"505 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132480650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

GreenApps GreenApps

Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.1145/3209811.3212704

Talal Ahmad, Edwin Reed-Sanchez, Fatima Zarinni, Alfred Afutu, Kessir Adjaho, Yaw Nyarko, L. Subramanian

引用次数: 1

Lessons from El Paquete, Cuba's Offline Internet 古巴El Paquete离线互联网的经验教训

Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.1145/3209811.3209876

Joel Lenin Pinargote Bravo, Rafael Beto Mpfumo, Luis Alejandro Madruga Milanés, Ximena Michelle Cueva, Gretel García Gómez, Amalia Gómez Marcheco, A. F. Oliva, Jeanna Neefe Matthews, Sam P. Kellogg

引用次数: 2

Care and the Practice of Data Science for Social Good 社会公益数据科学的关怀与实践

Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.1145/3209811.3209877

E. Zegura, C. Disalvo, Amanda Meng

{"title":"Care and the Practice of Data Science for Social Good","authors":"E. Zegura, C. Disalvo, Amanda Meng","doi":"10.1145/3209811.3209877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3209811.3209877","url":null,"abstract":"Data science is an interdisciplinary field that extracts insights from data through a multi-stage process of data collection, analysis and use. When data science is applied for social good, a variety of stakeholders are introduced to the process with an intention to inform policies or programs to improve well-being. Our goal in this paper is to propose an orientation to care in the practice of data science for social good. When applied to data science, a logic of care can improve the data science process and reveal outcomes of \"good\" throughout. Consideration of care in practice has its origins in Science and Technology Studies (STS) and has recently been applied by Human Computer Interaction (HCI) researchers to understand technology repair and use in under-served environments as well as care in remote health monitoring. We bring care to the practice of data science through a detailed examination of our engaged research with a community group that uses data as a strategy to advocate for permanently affordable housing. We identify opportunities and experiences of care throughout the stages of the data science process. We bring greater detail to the notion of human-centered systems for data science and begin to describe what these look like.","PeriodicalId":256587,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies","volume":"14 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133178137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28