Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Study the Effect of Water Extracts of Some Plants Against Fungus Macrophomina Phaseolina That Causes Charcoal Rot on Common Beans","authors":"Ahmed A. Aljamali Ahmed A. Aljamali","doi":"10.4197/met.27-2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/met.27-2.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125999583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Mix Algae Possible Source of Renewable Energy, Environmental friendly Bio-hydrogen","authors":"Muhammad Muhammad","doi":"10.4197/met.27-2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/met.27-2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Present study is an attempt to explore natural mix algae as a source of bio-hydrogen which is a renewable and environmental friendly clean fuel. Idea is to produce hydrogen in two stages; in first stage algae biomass is grown in light, oxygen and carbon source. In the second stage grown algae produce hydrogen in the absence of light, oxygen and sulfur. Results obtained during study showing that by using natural mix algae hydrogen up to 520 ml/l of algae biomass can be produce in one cycle. However, hydrogen gas can be produced in sufficient quantity up to three cycles. Biological hydrogen production with unicellular mix algae, found to be a promising area of research and conceptual by nature in the laboratory. This process needs to be explored more to prove the ability to use at commercial level. Still much work is required as to make process more economical and practical.","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126219866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Occupational Stress Index Score Among King Abdulaziz University Students","authors":"Mohsin Abbas","doi":"10.4197/met.27-2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/met.27-2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Stress is our body’s way of responding to any kind of demand or threat. It can start with simply too much pressure. To estimate the occupational stress index (OSI) score among King Abdul Aziz University international students a simple questionnaire study, with 100% response rate, was conducted. KAU has largest number of students in the Kingdom. The study of stress, OSI score and stressors are accepted important tools for career and personality development and highlighting of students’ problems. The English version of OSI questioner (CHS M278/EHS M270: Work and Health; Winter 2004) used and descriptive research approach selected to calculate OSI score. A t-test performed between OSI score for each individual section and their relevant percentages. P values equal or less than 0.05 considered as significant. For data analysis SPSS and Microsoft Excel version 2013 was used. Total OSI score estimated was 38.3. Main contributing variables are uneasy lab work (32.6%) and decision-making at work (16.3%). The others are absence of rest areas, research grants unavailability. Less work pressure, low working experience, summer holidays, regular monthly stipend, fewer responsibilities, relaxing exams schedule, less number of days spent weakly are all reason for low OSI score. Physical working conditions contribute little but accident or injury shows no contribution for OSI score. Low OSI score proved KAU international students are working in relaxing environment and feel little stress. Such studies are needed to be done on regular basis to evaluate the Kingdom’s largest university student’s problems and challenges they face. Introduction Stress is a process in which our work and environment stimuli places undue strain on humans, which directly or indirectly results in psychological and physiological changes that increase risk of diseases (Belkić, et al., 1994). Occupational stress has been regarded as one of the major health hazard of the modern work environment. It accounts family issues, physical harm and substance abuse (Belkić, et al., 1992; Emdad, et al., 2009). Stress and stressful working conditions are directly related with more accidents during work, less productivity, off days from work and less efficiency. According to a study by Moller et al., (2005) in aetiology of heart diseases, physiological stress plays an important role. For measuring work stress, occupational stress index (OSI) is an acceptable scale in modern psychological researches. It is widely and effectively used by psychologists and social scientists (Israel, et al., 1996). Work stresses arises are dominant feature of present life having prominent long lasting effects on employees’ behaviour, attitude and work productivity. Due to this, systematic studies demand of stress and working environment stressors have risen dramatically. A considerable portion of organization research involves the study of stress relating to job Karasek and Theorell, (2012). For personality development, pers","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123325522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Record of Pseudodistoma arborescens Millar, 1967a (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) in the Red Sea with Some Notes on the Cytotoxic Activity of the Alkaloid Content on MCF-7 Cell Lines","authors":"A. Al-Sofyani","doi":"10.4197/met.27-2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/met.27-2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The ascidian, Pseudodistomaarborescens, is reported for the first time in the Saudi Arabian water of the Red Sea. It is found to be an important component of the coral reefs at a water depth of 6-13 meter of Janabiyat Island, Doga area (19° 46́ 09.14́́́ˊ N, 40° 34 ́16.33́́́́ˊE) in December 2014. The species is redescribed and briefly its cytotoxic activity was tested. The anti-proliferative activity of the alkaloid content of Pseudodistoma arborescens has been evaluated against the MCF-7 cell line; showed IC50 value of 0.70 ± 0.01 mg/L.","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115282481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Trend of Occupational Accidents and Their Under-Reporting Estimations in the Factories of Pakistan; 1993-2009","authors":"Mohsin Abbas","doi":"10.4197/met.27-2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/met.27-2.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the occupational accidents trends and their under-reporting estimations in Pakistan during 1993-2009. Accident rates and Index value analysis method base on year 1993 used to compare the changing profile of occupational accidents. Occupational accidents underreporting (Ur) in non-reporting factories (NRFs) calculated by considering their proportional accident rate equal to the number of reported occupational accidents by RFs. Total 10330 occupational accidents investigated in RFs. Total 819 fatal accidents found with average fatality rate of 25 fatal accidents per 105 workers in RFs. Total 9511 non-fatal accidents found with an accident rate of 271 nonfatal accidents per 105 which was high (567 non-fatal accidents per 105) from 1993 to 1996. Occupational accidents Ur (77%) estimated three times higher than reported occupational accidents (23%) in RFs with their continuous increasing trend. This study concludes the weak organizational safety culture in Pakistan. Enforcement at governmental level for safety reporting and labor laws reforms required to reduce the Ur of occupational accidents in the factories of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125786897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Tree Plantations on Moderating Air Temperature in Arafat, Makkah for the Period 2002-2016","authors":"A. Mohammed","doi":"10.4197/met.27-2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/met.27-2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Recently many studies have shown that average temperature has increased globally. However, temperature trends vary in different parts of the world due to local geographical, climatic, land usage and various socio-economic factors. This study focuses on temperature trend in Makkah and intends to investigate the effect of vegetations on temperature trend. Temperature trend is analyzed from two meteorological monitoring sties in Arafat and Waly Al-Ahd area for the period 2002-2016. The two sites have demonstrated opposite trends from each other for the above period. In Arafat area temperature has not increased and has rather decreased during the last 15 years (-0.05C/year). The negative trend in Arafat was more evident since 2009 (-0.21oC/year). In contrast, Waly Al-Ahd area demonstrated positive significant trend (+0.14oC/year). In Arafat area mass tree plantation has taken place during the last couple of decades. Furthermore, Arafat has experienced no urbanization, as it is one of those Holy areas that are reserved for the purpose of Hajj. During the study period greenery in Arafat area has increased significantly since the plantation project was started in 1986. In contrast rapid urbanization, resulting in increase in energy use, road traffic, and change in land usage has led to temperature rise in most parts of the Makkah City including Waly Al-Ahd. This study shows how local factors, such as vegetation can affect local temperature trend. Arafat tree plantation project can be used as a good example to encourage more tree plantation in the Holy sites to cope with the increasing heat in the coming decades. Trees also provide shelter from the blazing sun, especially during Hajj season in Makkah, where temperature reaches as high as 50C in summer months and probably will continue to rise in the future.","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131440415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land Suitability Classification for Current Land Use in Akkar Plain- Tartous Governorate","authors":"S. Mohammed","doi":"10.4197/met.27-2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/met.27-2.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125348784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Screening of Groundwater and Surface Water in Agricultural Region Surrounding Al-Madina Al-Monawara","authors":"N. H. Al-Makishah","doi":"10.4197/met.27-2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/met.27-2.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114707715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foliar Application of Saudi Desert Plants Extract Improved Some Mungbean Agronomic Traits Under Drought Stress","authors":"F. Alghabari","doi":"10.4197/met.27-2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/met.27-2.3","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate Saudi desert plants potential to promote mungbean growth under drought stress, a pot experiment was performed at field experimental station, King Abdulaziz University during 2016/2017 season. Drought stress was imposed by application of 40% and 60% field capacity (FC) levels. Pots with 100% field capacity were also maintained as control. Natural plant extracts of ten desert plants (Eucalyptus globulus, Azadirachta indica, Moringa oleifera Lam, Moringa peregrine Forssk., Tetraena simplex L., Simmondsia chinensis, Indigofera tinctoria, Dianella ensata, Emex spinosa, Ambrosia dumosa) were foliar applied prior to stress treatment application. Tap water treatment was used as control. Data for mungbean growth and pod characteristics were recorded. Drought stress decreased mungbean growth and severity of impact increased with lowering field capacity. The natural plant extract (NPE); NPE 9 (Dianella ensata) and NPE 11 (Ambrosia dumosa) favoured both plant growth 33% and pod characteristics 11%. The effect of NPE 6 (Tetraena simplex L.) and NPE 7 (Simmondsia chinensis) were significant for plant growth 21-24 cm while non-significant for pod characteristics under severe drought stress. On contrary, NPE 2 (Eucalyptus globulus) and NPE 3 (Azadirachta indica) effect was significant for mungbean pod characteristics 60% and non-significant for growth traits. The rest of the applied NPEs were non-significant for both growth and yield traits. The combination of NPE9 × FC-2, NPE6 × FC-2, NPE11 × FC-1 and NPE7 × FC-1 produced tallest plants (29.33 cm), maximum fresh biomass (8.54 g), dry biomass (6.71 g) and number of branches per plant (6.8). The combination of NPE2 × FC-2, NPE3 × FC-1, NPE9 × FC-1 and NPE11 × FC-3 produced maximum pods per plant (4.2), pod length (7 cm), pod fresh weight (5.4 g) and dry weight (4.5 g) respectively. It’s clear from the statistical analysis that mungbean performed better under medium stress level (FC-2) while NPE6, NPE7, NPE9 and NPE11 significantly stimulated plant growth under stressed environment. In conclusion, by application of Dianella ensata and Ambrosia dumosa, mungbean can be successfully grown under medium drought stress conditions.","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129235043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, Mortality and Exploitation of Penaeus semisulcatus in Jizan Fisheries, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Lafi S. Al Solami","doi":"10.4197/met.27-2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/met.27-2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The growth parameters, mortality coefficients and exploitation rate of Penaeus semisulcatus in Jizan fisheries were determined during the fishing season 2015 / 2016. The growth curves and parameters were estimated using length-frequency data for combined sexes (pooled data). The S S growth parameters (L∞, K & to) for the sexes combined are estimated as L∞ = 94.40 mm, K = 0.81year-1 , tRoR = -0.20 year, M=1.634 year P-1P, Z=3.124 year P-1P , and F=1.961 year P-1P.The results indicated that, the current exploitation rate 'Ecur = 0.628' was higher than that required to get the maximum sustainable yield per recruit 'ERmaxR=0.581 .In the present study B/R was found 5.98 gm. The current biomass per recruit ratio indicates that the current exploitation rate is not suitable for maintaining a sufficient spawning stock biomass of P. semisulcatus in Jizan area which indicates that the stock status of fisheries is currently overexploited.","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126787815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}