Current Trends in Natural Sciences最新文献

{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF LIGHT ON THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF PT AND AU NANOPARTICLES BY SHEWANELLA ONEIDENSIS MR-1","authors":"A. Ghinea, C. Moisescu, A. Moroșanu, I. Ardelean","doi":"10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.032","url":null,"abstract":"Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is a metal-reducing bacterium widely used in dissimilatory reduction and recovery of precious metals. It has previously been used for the photo-induced reduction of Au(III) to Au(0), but to date there are no reports for the photo-induced reduction of Pt(IV). This study investigated whether light could be used to stimulate the synthesis of Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) in S. oneidensis MR-1. The synthesis of AuNPs and PtNPs by S. oneidensis MR-1 both at dark and under white light was verified by UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that light significantly influences the synthesis of both Au and Pt nanoparticles. Under light conditions, the synthesis of AuNPs and PtNPs was induced within 24 hours, and the concentration increased exponentially over time. While being exposed to dark conditions, the reduction appeared to be a slower process (i.e., 48 hours for Au and more than 72 hours for Pt). The size and cellular localization of the NPs synthesized in above mentioned conditions also differed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that the synthesis of PtNPs by S. oneidensis MR-1 can be induced by light, which could be a cost-effective and an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical synthesis.","PeriodicalId":254664,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Natural Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132894045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF THE APPLICATION OF SOME NEW TYPES OF CALCAREOUS AMENDMENTS ON SOYBEAN PRODUCTION AND QUALITY, IN THE CONDITIONS OF SCDA PITEȘTI IN 2021","authors":"O. Badea, D. Popescu, Cristina Mariana Nicolae, N. Ionescu","doi":"10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.037","url":null,"abstract":"Given the importance of soybeans, both in our country and in the world, it is necessary to expand the areas in different environment. In the conditions of the clay-illuvial soils of the station, the promotion of soybeans involves first of all the restoration of the culture medium and the chemical properties, considering the acid reaction which is totally unsuitable for the roots of the plant. To this end, an experience has been set up to promote the latest amendments based on calcium carbonate approved by us. Thus, the experiment promoted agrocalcium products - based only on CaCO₃ and doloflor with CaCO₃ and MgO (magnesium oxide). From the obtained results it was found that compared to the unfertilized control, the soybean plants produced total biomass of 9-11 t/ha, the biomass of the pods between 5,5-7,4 t/ha (over 60%) and the biomass of the grains between 3- 4,3 t/ha (over 30%). From a qualitative point of view, the Raluca TD soybean variety contained in the grains 36% protein, 25% oil, 6% fiber at a grain humidity of less than 10%. The data obtained showed a good adaptability of the new soybean variety in the conditions of the station.","PeriodicalId":254664,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Natural Sciences","volume":"384 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126730168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASPECTS REGARDING THE APPEARANCE AND EVOLUTION OF THE PEST TUTA ABSOLUTA (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE) IN TOMATO CROPS IN GREENHOUSES","authors":"Simona-Ştefania Hogea, M. Costache","doi":"10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.033","url":null,"abstract":"The most important vegetable crop in the world in greenhouses is tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) with an yield of 182 MT per year. Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) commonly known as ”tomato leafminer” or ”South American tomato moth” is the main pest in tomato crops in greenhouses, that can cause economic losses of up to 80-100%, if appropriate control measures are not taken. The experience was carried out during 2 years (2020-2021), between July and September, in greenhouse conditions (second cycle) in Vărăști village (Giurgiu county). The pest population was dynamically monitored by placing pheromone traps in the tomato crops in the high plastic tunnels, the average of the captured adults being 3367.5. In both years, the climatic conditions were favorable for the appearance and evolution of the pest attack. To prevent the spread of the attack, chemical treatments were applied at intervals of 7-10 days. In 2021, the yield obtained was with 4.76% higher than in 2020.","PeriodicalId":254664,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Natural Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121637615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECT OF EXCESSIVE SODIUM-CONTAINING IRRIGATION WATERS ON SOIL INFILTRATION RATE","authors":"I. Tas, Y. E. Yildirim, Zeki Gokalp","doi":"10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.002","url":null,"abstract":"Due to increasing demand for limited water resources, the pressure on irrigation water used in agricultural production is also increasing. One of the alternative solutions to meet the irrigation water needed in agricultural production is to use low-quality water resources. However, use of these waters can cause serious problems for the environment, especially for soil and plants, in the short, medium and long term. The sodium concentration of the irrigation water affects the structure of the soil, infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity properties, as well as negatively affects the nutrient uptake of the plants. In this study, the effect of irrigation water with excess sodium content on the infiltration rate, which is one of the important parameters for the design and operation of irrigation systems and sustainable agricultural production, was researched. The infiltration rate was measured by the double-ring infiltrometer method. In this study, irrigation water with four different Electrical Conductivity (ECi = 0.6 [control], 5, 10 and 15 dS m-1) and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) (1, 20, 40 and 50) were used. Cumulative infiltration values varied between 360-446 mm, and a 9-19% reduction was determined as compared to the control treatments, depending on the increasing ECi and SAR ratios. The steady-state infiltration rate of the treatments varied between 24.5-36.5 mm h-1 and decreased by 24-34%. In response to increased EC and SAR in irrigation water, the infiltration rates and cumulative infiltration values of soils decreased.","PeriodicalId":254664,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Natural Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125513305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ASSOCIATED WITH TROPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE AVIFAUNA OF THE DAM LAKES IN THE MIDDLE AREA OF THE ARGEȘ VALLEY","authors":"M. D. Conete","doi":"10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.024","url":null,"abstract":"Ecosystem services are becoming an integral part of science and biodiversity conservation strategies, however, our knowledge is limited to only a few services and in the study area they were not yet evaluated. Birds are ecologically diverse and more beloved and well-known than other vertebrate groups. Some bird species are useful in applications such as environmental quality and are used as early warnings of environmental change and climate change assessment. The economic relevance of birds is not widely quantified and appreciated, and the economic relevance to human society of the ecological roles of birds is neglected. Our research contributes to the improvement of knowledge about birds in the area, to the quantification of some services provided by birds through the trophic analysis of avifauna. This research is useful in understanding their importance to ecosystems and the people who benefit from them, as well as in developing conservation strategies for birds and their habitats. Of the 207 bird species identified in the study area, belonging to 17 orders and 49 families, species with a zoophagous - polyphagous trophic regime and insectivorous species predominate. Thus, representatives of seven food guilds were found, with the predominance of zoophagous - polyphagous and insectivorous species, and the food guilds with the lowest number of species were the piscivorous and vegetarian dietary guilds. The majority (34 - 51 %) of insectivorous species populate the habitats of forests and riparian forests and localities (building area), while among zoophagous – polyphagous (43) and omnivores (19) species dependent on wetlands; most of the insectivorous species are summer visitors (35). Most of the bird species studied also are important from an ecological and economic point of view, providing numerous ecosystem services and play a vital role in agriculture and forestry by managing pest and rodent populations. Thus, insectivorous species (55 species) have a special role in controlling pest insects, in reducing insect populations, and nocturnal birds of prey (with a zoophagous – polyphagous and carnivore - predator trophic regime) have a role in managing rodent populations harmful to agriculture. Some bird species, omnivorous or vegetarian, pollinate or disperse the seeds of plants, and others (Sturnus vulgaris) clean the bodies of other animals (sheep, goats etc.). Corvids and some larids have a certain role on garbage ramps. Birds in the study area also have a cultural role, they are emblematic of nature, they are loved, observed, monitored (birdwatching - recreational activity), fed and used as artistic inspiration and with traditional value in the study area. On the other hand, huge flocks of anseriformes, in the winter aspect, feed on arable land, but they cause damage to farmers, ecosystem disservices, and it is necessary to grant a subsidy per land surface for feeding goose species. By determining the contributions of birds (and biodiversity i","PeriodicalId":254664,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Natural Sciences","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123645538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF HARVEST TIME ON HERBAGE YIELD AND QUALITY OF ANNUAL GRASS CULTIVARS","authors":"Mahmet Aksan, Mahmut Kaplan","doi":"10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.014","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to determine the effects of harvest time on herbage yield and quality of different annual grass cultivars harvested in different periods. A total of 10 different annual grass (Lolium multiflorum L.) cultivars supplied from an agricultural company were used as the plant material of the field experiments. Experiments were carried out in randomized blocks – split plots design with 3 replications. Annual grass cultivars were harvested in booting, flowering and milky stage. Green and dry herbage yields, crude protein, crude ash, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) characteristics were investigated. Harvest periods had a significant (P≤0.01) effect on all parameters. ADF-NDF ratios, green and dry herbage yields increased, and crude protein and crude ash ratios decreased with the progress of harvest time. The highest crude protein yield was obtained from the plants harvested in flowering stage. Based on present findings obtained under Central Anatolian conditions, Baqueona, Baqueona, Medaocus cultivars are recommended in terms of herbage and protein yields.","PeriodicalId":254664,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Natural Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117066157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOCONTROL BACTERIA AGAINST BOTRYTIS GRAY MOLD AND OTHER STRAWBERRY FUNGAL PATHOGENS","authors":"S. Dinu, O. Boiu-Sicuia, L. Barbu","doi":"10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.031","url":null,"abstract":"Strawberries are listed among the functional foods. Beside their appreciated taste, they are rich in antioxidant compounds. Due to their sugars, fleshy pulp and thin skin, as well as dwarf habitus, they are exposed to various plant diseases, especially fungi. Botrytis gray mold is the most destroying pathogen, but there are other fungi that can cause losses in the field or after harvest. The aim of this study is to select some bacterial strains that could be easily formulated as biocontrol agents against various molds. These bacteria were isolated from winery semi-composted marc and analyzed through specific microbiologic methods. Based on their in vitro antagonistic activity, two bacterial isolates were selected. These strains revealed up to 84.2% inhibition of Botrytis cinerea growth, and high antifungal activity against various other fungi, such as Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Qualitative enzymatic tests, as well as microscopic analysis of the microbial interactions revealed fungal degradative enzymes produced by the bacterial strains. As the selected strains were determined to be spore producing bacteria, long term preservation is an advantage for their formulation as plant protection inoculants. Moreover, these bacteria revealed no phytotoxic activity against test plants.","PeriodicalId":254664,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Natural Sciences","volume":"129 14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121027156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ON THE USE OF VINASA CLARIANT ORGANIC FERTILIZER IN WHEAT CROP","authors":"D. Popescu, O. Badea, Mariana Cristina Nicolae, N. Ionescu","doi":"10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.036","url":null,"abstract":"In the current conditions in the technology of wheat crop, more and more either fertilizers with the lowest possible concentrations of active ingredients or organic fertilizers are being promoted. These new requirements are also in line with current European fertilization rules. This paper presents new results by comparing an organic fertilizer with conventional fertilizer systems. The organic fertilizer researched proved to be very effective in the production of total biomass, spicke/ear biomass, grain biomass and MTG. In absolute terms, wheat produced over 11 tons of total biomass, over 6 tons of spike biomass (59%) and over 3 tons of grain (29%) all these results proved to be very close to the combination of urea and organic fertilizer and respectively superior to urea applied alone. The results obtained are recommended for the promotion of Vinasa Clariant in farm conditions.","PeriodicalId":254664,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Natural Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115983301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESEARCH ON SEED GERMINATION STIMULATION AT PAULOWNIA TOMENTOSA THUNB. STEUD.","authors":"D. Poșta, S. Rózsa, T. Gocan, I. Cântar","doi":"10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.027","url":null,"abstract":"Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Sieb. & Zucc. Ex Steud. (syn. P. Imperialis Sieb. & Zucc.), is a native species to China, popularly being called “Princess Tree”. In Romania, the species is sensitive to the early frosts, which cause frostbite of non-lignified stems. Unprotected trees can be destroyed to ground level, but recover vigorously from shoots. Paulownia tomentosa is an invasive species introduced to the US from China as an ornamental and landscape tree in the mid-1800s. The family name derives from its genus Paulownia Siebold & Zucc., 1835 whose name was given in honour of the Danish princess Anna Paulowna or Pavlovna (1795-1865), the consort of King William II of the Netherlands and the daughter of Tsar Paul I of Russia (Gledhill, D., 2008). The aim of the research was to speed up the germination of Paulownia tomentosa seeds with Nitrozyme (based upon a highly concentrated and purified extract of marine kelp) in different concentrations: 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 0.9%. The germination capacity of the seeds decreases from the moment of dispersal even in optimal conditions of storage in the laboratory. In the case of treated seeds with 0.1% Nitrozyme the values of height and diameter of the seedling increased slightly.","PeriodicalId":254664,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Natural Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117082703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE WATER QUALITY FOR THE DRINKING WATER NETWORKS IN BECHAR CITY","authors":"A. Arbaoui, M. Dris, B. Meddah, I. Arbaoui, Madani Benyoussef","doi":"10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i22.030","url":null,"abstract":"The study carried out involves an evaluation of the physico-chemical parameters of drinking water networks in Bechar city (Algeria). In this work we have characterized the quality of drinking water, investigated the main sources of water pollution and proposed solutions to this problem. Today, the water consumer in Bechar city enjoys an aftertaste in drinking water, despite its treatment upstream of the dam. The installation of the dam began in October in 968, the drinking water supply system of the town of Bechar was carried out between 1978 and 1980, and the dam was inaugurated in May 1981. This work was initiated to better understand the quality of drinking water. The quality of drinking water must be checked upstream (sources of water) until downstream (consumer), it can also be degraded during its storage and passage through the distribution of drinking water networks. Contamination can come from the network itself. The results found show that almost all of the parameters analyzed comply with both national and international drinking water regulations. To this end, we have concluded that the supply of drinking water to the city of Bechar is subject to several constraints such as the degradation of drinking water supply networks and the aging of reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":254664,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Natural Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126945017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}