Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review最新文献_第2页

Adventure into Peacetime Intra-Alliance Espionage: Assessment of the America-Germany Saga 和平时期联盟内部间谍活动的冒险:对美德传奇的评估

Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/lfpr-2016-0010

L. Amusan, Siphiwe Mchunu

{"title":"Adventure into Peacetime Intra-Alliance Espionage: Assessment of the America-Germany Saga","authors":"L. Amusan, Siphiwe Mchunu","doi":"10.1515/lfpr-2016-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lfpr-2016-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Peacetime espionage is often employed by states as a means of acquiring information about competitor states in the international system. However the practice is not limited to competitor states. In a world where security concerns are an ever-present consideration for state action, acts of espionage normally reserved for use against enemies are also used against ally states. The basic premise is that while alliances are able to foster mutual trust and cooperation, they do not conclude that an ally will always be trust-worthy and faithful, most especially, when it involves issues of national interest. The international system and a need to safeguard one’s own interests and population mean that espionage, even against an ally, will remain a necessary state function and all states should therefore remain vigilant against attempts at infiltration of their state secrets. The question of peacetime intra-alliance espionage and the consequences thereof has yet to be answered and it is the purpose of this research to fill that intellectual gap. This research will look at traditionally allied countries, with a long record of cooperation, and not competing states. To achieve this, the case from 2013 of two North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) allies, Germany and the United States (US), are our main focus. Lessons worth drawing from this, by NATO small states members, shall be discussed.","PeriodicalId":252461,"journal":{"name":"Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review","volume":"84 1-2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134393395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Iranian foreign policy and discourse of divine justice 伊朗外交政策与神圣正义的话语

Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/lfpr-2016-0003

Ieva Koreivaitė

{"title":"Iranian foreign policy and discourse of divine justice","authors":"Ieva Koreivaitė","doi":"10.1515/lfpr-2016-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lfpr-2016-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Iran nuclear negotiations, which resulted in an agreement in Vienna on the 14 July 2015 after signing The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, and its aftermath is one of the key topics of inquiry in recent decade. The density of the debate is primarily emanating from concerns related to the security questions of the Middle East and to the sensitivity of Israeli security situation. Moreover, it arises from the complexity of the whole negotiation process. Such issues like Supreme Leader’s Ali Khamene’i’s fatwa designating sinfulness to the nuclear capacity, his after-deal speech, calling for the enmity between Iran and the United States, Iran’s declared aim to implement global justice and other cases are not customary acts of the state and the study of Iranian foreign policy is not substantive using customary instruments of analysis of International Relations. The article refers to the problem of knowledge production on Iran, and suggests that it mainly resulted from the lack of exchange between International Relations and Middle Eastern studies. This article aims to point at the authority of the ideas in Iran’s foreign policy that Islam or Islamic ideologies like Khumaynism produce. Therefore the article focuses on the main narratives of the First Supreme Leader Ruhullah Khumayni’s concept of justice in order to, first, explain the key points in Iran’s position during negotiations and its aftermath and, second, to introduce the study of the concept of justice as a productive source of information and an approach for further analysis of Iranian foreign policy.","PeriodicalId":252461,"journal":{"name":"Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126495405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is This the Right Time for NATO to Resume Dialogue with Russia? 现在是北约恢复与俄罗斯对话的好时机吗?

Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/LFPR-2016-0006

R. Norkus

引用次数: 0

Social Media: Mimesis and Warfare 社交媒体:模仿和战争

Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/lfpr-2016-0026

Ignas Kalpokas

引用次数: 4

On the Clausewitzian Challenge in Eastern Europe 论东欧的克劳塞维茨挑战

Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/lfpr-2016-0007

Andrius Bivainis

引用次数: 0

National and Regional Identity in Kaliningrad Oblast from the Cross-border Perspective 从跨界视角看加里宁格勒州的民族与地域认同

Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/lfpr-2016-0005

M. Zieliński

引用次数: 0

From the Editor 来自编辑

Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/lfpr-2016-0021

Gerda Jakštaitė

引用次数: 0

Lithuania’s Foreign Policy Under the Eastern Partnership Programme in 2009–2014: From Small State Policy Tto Smart State Strategy 2009-2014年东部伙伴关系计划下的立陶宛外交政策:从小国政策到聪明国家战略

Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/lfpr-2016-0008

Maksimas Milta

引用次数: 2

Identity Tensions: The Case of Michail Golovatov’s Release 身份紧张:迈克尔·戈洛瓦托夫获释案

Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/lfpr-2016-0004

Justinas Lingevicius

引用次数: 2

Us and European Integration Prior to 1968 1968年之前的美欧一体化

Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/LFPR-2016-0011

N. T. Hang

{"title":"Us and European Integration Prior to 1968","authors":"N. T. Hang","doi":"10.1515/LFPR-2016-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/LFPR-2016-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper surveys the history of the United States policy towards European integration from 1945 up to 1968 before President Nixon came into office. Drawing on a detailed analysis of the documents mostly obtainable from the official websites of the US Department of State, the US National Archives, and the EU Historical Archives, the paper argues that it was the European geopolitical and economic context after the Second World War and the United States national interests which moulded this country’s pro-European integration policy. Thus, the paper will begin with an analysis of the search for global influence between the United States and the Soviet Union before examining how the United States redefined its core interests in recognition of the Soviet threat. Then, it will explore the role that the United States played in reconstructing Western European economy and defending it physically. Also, it is argued that the United States and Western Europe took concerted action together to create the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), European Economic Community (EEC), and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom), the very first supranational institutions which have made the European integration process irreversible. It will be concluded that the vitality of the European integration project depended on US economic and political capital for its success.","PeriodicalId":252461,"journal":{"name":"Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130989977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3