Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development最新文献_第2页

Population status, habitat composition and threats of Paphiopedilum fairrieanum (Lindl.) Stein (Orchidaceae: Cypripedioideae) in Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park 凤蝶的种群现状、生境构成及威胁吉格梅辛格旺楚克国家公园的斯坦兰(兰科:杓兰科)

Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.17102/cnr.2022.68

S. Tshewang, P. Gyeltshen, Chetenla, Arjun Nepal, K. Dendup, Letro Letro

引用次数: 2

Ecological Conditions of Luetshokha Lake and its Recharge Potential using Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting, Samtengang, Wangdue Bhutan 不丹Wangdue Samtengang Luetshokha湖的生态条件及其屋顶雨水收集的回灌潜力

Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.17102/cnr.2022.72

Tshering Pem, Dhan B. Gurung, Kelzang Dawa, Rupesh Subedi

{"title":"Ecological Conditions of Luetshokha Lake and its Recharge Potential using Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting, Samtengang, Wangdue Bhutan","authors":"Tshering Pem, Dhan B. Gurung, Kelzang Dawa, Rupesh Subedi","doi":"10.17102/cnr.2022.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17102/cnr.2022.72","url":null,"abstract":"Luetshokha lake is noted to harbour invasive aquatic plants and experience reduction in water level. This research assessed the floristic and macroinvertebrate composition of Luetshokha lake in Samtengang, Wangdue and its potential to increase water level using rooftop rainwater harvesting (RWH). Presence of aquatic plants such as Brasenia schreberi, Schnoeplectus pungens and Potamogeton distinctus indicate organic pollution of water in the lake. Coenagrionidae and Baetidae families were the most dominant macroinvertebrate communities present in the lake. There was a positive relationship between aquatic plants and macroinvertebrate diversity indices (rs = 0.20, p = 0.25), richness (rs = 0.24, p = 0.16) and evenness (rs = 0.29, p = 0.04). The relationships between aquatic plants and physico-chemical variables were negative; pH (rs = -0.02, p = 0.90), conductivity (rs = -0.45, p = 0.00), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) (rs = -0.43, p = 0.01) and salinity (rs = -0.34, p = 0.56). However, temperature was positively correlated (rs = 0.25, p = 0.14) with aquatic plants. Similarly, macroinvertebrate diversity was negatively correlated with pH (rs = -0.31, p = 0.07), temperature (rs = -0.11, p = 0.54), conductivity (rs = -0.24, p = 0.17), TDS (rs = -0.24, p = 0.16) and salinity (rs = -0.27, p = 0.12). Family Biotic Index (FBI) indicated good physical condition of lake water with some organic pollution. The lake water level was estimated to rise by 0.05 m through a potential RWH of 1,784.37 m3 from the roof catchment area of 2,221.01 m2.","PeriodicalId":252240,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131766642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Local Volume Equations and Tables for two Forest Management Units in Bhutan: An Attempt to Provide FMU Specific Estimate of Timber Volume for Sustainable Forest Management 不丹两个森林管理单位的局部体积方程和表:为可持续森林管理提供FMU具体木材量估算的尝试

Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.17102/cnr.2020.53

Younten Phuntsho, L. Tshering, Dorji Wangdi

引用次数: 0

Ecology of Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) at Lingmethang, Eastern Bhutan 不丹东部Lingmethang地区檀香的生态学

Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.17102/cnr.2020.48

P. Thinley, Jambay Jambay, D. B. Gurung, T. Rabgay, Penjor Penjor, Manish Kumar, K. Wangchuk, M. Pradhan, B. Sitaula, N. Raut

{"title":"Ecology of Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) at Lingmethang, Eastern Bhutan","authors":"P. Thinley, Jambay Jambay, D. B. Gurung, T. Rabgay, Penjor Penjor, Manish Kumar, K. Wangchuk, M. Pradhan, B. Sitaula, N. Raut","doi":"10.17102/cnr.2020.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17102/cnr.2020.48","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried out at Lingmethang to find out the ecological requirement for the growth of Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) trees in Bhutan. It also aimed to determine the preferred hosts of Sandalwood in the study site and to map its habitat suitability in the country. Plot size of 20 x 20 m2 for trees, 10 x 10 m2 for shrubs, and 5 x 5 m2 for regenerations and herbs were used. Soil samples were collected by digging soil to 25-30 cm depth from each plot. PC-ORD software was used for finding the relation of the variable with seedling abundance. A total of 19 tree species under 14 families and 40 undergrowth species under 24 families were recorded in the areas where Sandalwood is growing naturally. Mallotus philippensis and Albizia sikkimensis were the co-dominant tree species with chirpine as the dominant tree. Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) was the most preferred host species of the Sandalwood seedlings followed by Murraya koenigii. Mature Sandalwood tree was found parasitizing on Desmodium sp. (Fabaceae). Slope was one of the most determinant factors for the growth of Sandalwood (r = .951, p < .05), but rainfall had greater influence even though negative (r = -.943, p < .05) in the valley. Soil Nitrogen did not have much effect on the seedling abundance but mature trees prefered Fabaceae as hosts. A total of 16 dzongkhags are suitable for plantation of Sandalwood. Among these, Zhemgang Dzongkhag has the maximum potential area (469.62 km2) and Punakha Dzongkhag has the least (2.88 km2).","PeriodicalId":252240,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126678541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mineral Composition and Behaviour of Mammals at Natural Saltlicks in Jomotsangkha Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhutan 不丹 Jomotsangkha 野生动物保护区天然盐池中哺乳动物的矿物质成分和行为

Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.17102/cnr.2020.49

J. Thinley, U. Dorji, U. Tshering, Arjun Nepal, Lekey Chaida, Chaten Chaten, Kiran Rai, S. Tobgay, Bep Tshering, T. Dorji, P. Thinley, T. Rabgay, Pema Yondrup, Yeshey Wangchuk

{"title":"Mineral Composition and Behaviour of Mammals at Natural Saltlicks in Jomotsangkha Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhutan","authors":"J. Thinley, U. Dorji, U. Tshering, Arjun Nepal, Lekey Chaida, Chaten Chaten, Kiran Rai, S. Tobgay, Bep Tshering, T. Dorji, P. Thinley, T. Rabgay, Pema Yondrup, Yeshey Wangchuk","doi":"10.17102/cnr.2020.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17102/cnr.2020.49","url":null,"abstract":"Natural saltlicks are used by mammal species mainly to supplement mineral deficiency playing critical role in animal ecology. There is information gap on the use of natural saltlicks by mammals in Bhutan. Nine natural saltlicks from Jomotsangkha Wildlife Sanctuary were purposively selected to fill this gap of information. The study aimed to assess mineral composition and ecological behaviour of mammals at natural saltlicks. Nine composite soil samples were randomly collected and nine camera traps were set up at nine saltlicks for a duration of 56 days from 2 January to 28 February, 2019. Data management and analysis were carried out using camerabase and R software. Potassium, phosphorus and sodium elements were found in the saltlicks. Camera traps yielded 419 independent events of 12 species under 10 families. Herbivores were most common (n = 390) and non-herbivores the least (n = 12). Wild dog was also captured licking salts (n = 1) which is least reported across the world. Mineral composition (r = 0.70, p < .05) and anthropogenic activities (r = 0.60, p < .05) were key factors affecting the visitation rate and ecological behaviour of mammal species. Disturbed saltlicks from Samdrupcholing Range revealed fewer individuals of mammals (n = 71) with disturbed ecological behaviour while undisturbed saltlicks from Jomotsangkha Range revealed higher individuals of mammals (n = 340) with undisturbed ecological behaviour. Therefore, anthropogenic activities at disturbed saltlicks call for planned monitoring.","PeriodicalId":252240,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127974828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Record of the Critically Endangered Elongated Tortoise Indotestudo elongata (Blyth, 1853) at High Elevation, Bhutan 极度濒危的长形龟Indotestudo elongata (Blyth, 1853)在不丹高海拔的记录

Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.17102/cnr.2020.55

Dorji Drukpa, Kinley Kinley, D. Tamang, Gyeltshen Gyeltshen, Tshering Dema, Yeshi Phuntsho, D. Thapa, Sacha Dorji, Letro Letro

引用次数: 1

Business to Business Marketing in Bhutan: A Case Study from Balam Gewog under Mongar Dzongkhag 不丹的企业对企业营销:以蒙格·宗卡格领导下的巴拉姆·格沃格为例

Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.17102/cnr.2020.50

Kinley Pema, Tashi Dendup, R. Chhetri

{"title":"Business to Business Marketing in Bhutan: A Case Study from Balam Gewog under Mongar Dzongkhag","authors":"Kinley Pema, Tashi Dendup, R. Chhetri","doi":"10.17102/cnr.2020.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17102/cnr.2020.50","url":null,"abstract":"The Commercial Agriculture and Resilient Livelihoods Enhancement Programme (CARLEP) and the Regional Agricultural and Marketing Cooperative (RAMCO) piloted the business to business (B2B) marketing model in 2018 to address smallholder farmers’ marketing issues in Eastern Bhutan. As the B2B pilot model is currently not functional, it is vital to understand the B2B model’s challenges to successfully replicate the interventions in other communities. The lack of follow-up studies on the B2B marketing model motivated the authors to investigate the model’s challenges for implementation in the country. This case study was based on six vegetable groups in Balam Gewog, Mongar, Bhutan. Primary data were collected through focus group discussions with six vegetable groups and in-depth interviews with key informants. Secondary data were collected from Gewog, CARLEP, and RAMCO. The results showed that the B2B marketing model adopted in Balam Gewog was a primary B2B marketing model – a linkage only for selling produce. Four critical issues with the B2B marketing model adopted in Balam Gewog were noted: (1) mismatch between vegetable production and collection schedule, (2) lack of quantity and quality specification of vegetables in the contract between vegetable farmers’ groups and the buyer, (3) inadequate support services, and (4) lack of monitoring by facilitating organisations after contract signing between vegetable farmers’ groups and the buyer. Accordingly, we recommend adjusting the collection schedule as per the production season, specifying contract clauses like quantity and quality of produce, improving support services, and monitoring business by relevant authorities.","PeriodicalId":252240,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133657324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Variability of Foxtail Millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.] Genotypes 谷子(Setaria italica, L.)的变异性评价测定。)基因型

Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.17102/cnr.2020.52

M. Kandel, S. Gurung, N. Dhami, Jiban Shrestha

{"title":"Assessment of Variability of Foxtail Millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.] Genotypes","authors":"M. Kandel, S. Gurung, N. Dhami, Jiban Shrestha","doi":"10.17102/cnr.2020.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17102/cnr.2020.52","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of genetic diversity and variability is an initial step for crop development in a plant breeding program. Thirty foxtail millet genotypes were evaluated for their ten agro-morphological traits viz. grain yield, days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of nodes per tiller, panicle length, thousand-grain weight, and leaf blast during April to August season of 2018 at Kabre, Dolakha, Nepal. Clustering was done based on variability observed among the genotypes for all the ten traits by the average linkage method. The genotypes were grouped into six clusters. The shortest inter cluster distance between Cluster I and Cluster II was 17.63 and the longest was between Cluster IV and Cluster VI with 47.55. Cluster I had the maximum leaf blast score with the minimum leaf length. The Cluster II had the maximum grain yield and days to 50% heading and the number of nodes per tiller. The Cluster III was characterized by the maximum leaf length and leaf blast value. The genotypes grouped into the Cluster IV were characterized by the lowest value of days to 50% heading and 80% days to maturity and those of Cluster V had the maximum thousand-grain weight. The genotypes categorized into Cluster VI had the maximum plant height, leaf length, and panicle length. Cluster II and Cluster V were good because of their agro-morphological traits. The presence of a high level of diversity among the genotypes indicated their suitability for selection in crop breeding programs. Correlation analysis of genotypes having the maximum panicle length leaf area and higher plant height and shorter maturity period are pre-requisite for improvement in grain yield.","PeriodicalId":252240,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116200430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Rhaphiolepis bengalensis (Roxb.) B.B.Liu & J.Wen: A New Record of Plant to Bhutan bengalensis (Roxb.)刘宝宝、温家杰:不丹植物新记录

Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.17102/cnr.2020.57

D. B. Gurung, Pema Tobgay, T. Dendup, Summit Subba, Wangchuk Blon, Phuentsho Phuentsho, R. Dorji, Kencho Dorji

引用次数: 1

The First Record of Horned Lark from Jigme Khesar Strict Nature Reserve – A New Record for Bhutan 吉梅卡萨严格自然保护区角云雀首次记录——不丹新纪录

Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.17102/cnr.2020.56

Gyeltshen Dorji, S. Wangchuk, Wangchuk Wangchuk, S. Tobgay, Jigme Tshelthrim Wangyal

引用次数: 0