Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources最新文献

{"title":"Traditional Knowledge and Usage of Edible Plants amongTemuan Community in Gunung Ledang Johor National Park, Malaysia","authors":"Norhayati Ahmad, S. F. Sabran, M. H. Mazlun, M. Bakar, F. Kormin, S. FUz","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"Edible plants are important for their nutrient values as part of human diet and as food resources that are essential in times of food shortage. Due to the lower utilization of edible plants, loss of traditional knowledge and food security issues have caused the urgent need to document and safeguard the edibles knowledge especially among indigenous people. The objectives of this study were to document edible plant species used by Temuans in Gunung Ledang Johor National Park and to determine the relative value of different edible plants usage, and cultural importance. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview and free listing technique that were applied to all 85 informants from Tanah Gembur village. Frequency Citation (FC), Utilization of Frequency(f), Cultural Importance Index (CI), and Cultural Food Significance Index (CFSI) were used to evaluate the relative importance of the different edible plants. A total of 43 edible plant species belonging to 22 families and 33 genera were recorded in the study. Based on the result, Manihot esculenta Crantz scored the highest FC and CFSI while Carica papayahad the highest CI value. These crucial knowledges suggest a potential approach toward conserving the vast traditional knowledge from Temuan community.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121951677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Photosynthetic Rate and Stomatal Conductance, Intercellular CO2 Concentration, Transpiration Rate, Vapour Pressure Deficit and Photosynthetically Active Radiation in Sweet Corn (Zea mays)","authors":"A. K. Khamis, U. A. Asli, M. N. H. Sarjuni, M. A. Jalal, Hajar Aminah A. Karim, S. Sulaiman","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet corn (Zea mays) is thethird-largest plantation crop in Malaysia. Since it is cultivated mainly for the corncobs, the reproductive and kernel development stages are critical for high yields. Photosynthesis measurement can be used as a major approach to improve photosynthetic efficiency, which can directly affect yield. Additionally, plant nutrient uptake also plays a major role in yield quantity and quality. Conventional fertilisation(chemical and/or organic) may result in excessive fertilizer input, which is detrimental to the environment. We therefore investigated the relationship between photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2concentration (Ci), transpiration rate and vapour pressure deficit based on leaf temperature (VpdL) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) during the growth and development stages of sweet corn. The seeds were subjected to the germination test to assess viability and were then planted at a distance of 10 cm both between plantsand rows (replicates). A total of eight subplots (2.2 m long, 60 cm wide, 30 cm high) were prepared in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Leaf gas exchange measurements were carried out at days 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 at 9:00 a.m. in the morning and 4:00 p.m. in the evening. Three uniform plants were selected from each replicate and used for measurements throughout the experiment. At day 30, photosynthesis started to decline and was largely unaffected by the set environmental conditions, although stomatal conductance remained high. This can be attributed to the energy diversion from vegetative stages to reproductive stages. Therefore, fertilising practices should be synchronised to match the plant stages for more sustainable and efficient fertilisation and to obtain maximum yield.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127578833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of Asystasia Gangetica and Phyllanthus Niruri Extracts: Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities","authors":"Ozahrah Hasan Basir, N. Zaid, N. Fauzi, A. H. A. Razak","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"Antioxidant plays a significant role in inhibiting and scavenging free radicals, which protectshuman against infection and degenerative diseases. Nowadays, most studies focus on “natural antioxidants” from herbs due to safe therapeutic. In this study, performance on different extraction methods, i.e. Soxhlet, cold maceration and traditional extraction method assisted with ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) for Asystasia gangetica leaves and Phyllanthus niruri plant are investigated by means of antioxidant, total phenolic content and antibacterial activity. The extracts were characterized for its antioxidant activity and total phenolic content by means of DPPH radical scavenging method and Folin-Ciocalteau reagent respectively. Optimization studies were carried out on combined cold-maceration and UAE extraction method by using Response Surface Method. Then, the optimized extracts were further characterized for antibacterial activity using Escherichia coliand Staphylococcus epidermidisby the agar disc diffusion method. Sample containing cold macerated A. gangetica and P. niruri indicates the highest antioxidant property as it contains the highest percentage of DPPH scavenging activity (59.57% and 51.14% respectively). While, the total phenolic content of macerated A. gangetica and P. niruri are 2.73 mg GAE/g and 2.68 mg GAE/g respectively. Consequently, after the determination of highest percentage of DPPH scavenging activity, the extracts werefurther optimized using UAE. From the optimization, the optimum condition was determined to be power of 17.57±0.01W and time of 5.83±0.01minutes for A. gangetica while, the power of 98.14±0.01W and 0.17±0.01minutes for P. niruri. Both optimized extracts showed potent antibacterial activity with high degree of antibacterial against E. coli. In conclusion, combination of cold maceration and UAE method increase the amount of antioxidant from extracts of A. gangetica and P. niruri. The finding from this study can be useful in pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121522204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Note on The Butterflies of Gunung Belumut, Kluang Forest Reserve, Malaysia","authors":"A. Rahman, M. Mohamed","doi":"10.30880/jaita.2020.01.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jaita.2020.01.01.003","url":null,"abstract":": Gunung Belumut is a hill dipterocarp forest that contains the third highest peak in Johor. It is surrounded by oil palm plantations and lacking comprehensive biodiversity data. Biodiversity data is important especially for long term monitoring of an ecosystem. To accommodate this, a butterfly survey was done in Gunung Belumut Amenity Forest located within Kluang Forest Reserve, Johor. Sampling was done through manual collection using aerial nets and baited traps. A total of 128 individuals comprising 64 species were collected. Despite the high plant species richness in Kluang Forest Reserve, the butterfly diversity observed within Gunung Belumut Amenity Forest was relatively low when compared to other forested areas in Johor. This may be attributed to the abundance of oil palm plantation surrounding the area.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126613694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding Rate and Success Rate of Foraging Waders in Tropical Intertidal Areas","authors":"N. Norazlimi, R. Ramli, N. Hasmi","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.01.005","url":null,"abstract":": A serious deduction in waders population worldwide has led to several study on ecology of waders in their stop-over migratory routes. Extensive study on wader’s habitat used especially on their feeding ground is needed to establish a framework that channels to the conservation of waders species. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the feeding and success rates of foraging in selected species of waders at Jeram and Remis Beaches of Selangor, Malaysia. Direct observation techniques were used in this study. Kruskal-Wallis Analysis test shows that there was significant difference in feeding rates (H= 139.58, p < 0.001) and success rates between the species (H = 11.18, p = 0.011). Pairwise comparisons analysis proved that the differences of feeding rates occurred between Little heron and Lesser adjutant (z = 107.39, p < 0.0001); Little heron and Whimbrel (z = -159.31, p < 0.001); and Lesser adjutant and Common Redshank (z = 80.3, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, Mann-Whitney test shows that the differences lie between Little heron and Common redshank (W = 5743, p = 0.0114) and also between Lesser adjutant and Common redshank (W = 9353, p = 0.012). Spearman correlation shows that a significant correlation was found between both feeding and success rates (R = -0.293, p < 0.001). This study concluded that the feeding rates and success rates were differed between different species of waders utilizing similar feeding ground due to the differences in foraging techniques used while foraging.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115463557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of Natural Food Colourants Using Food Grade Microbial Pigments -A New Focus in Industrial Microbiology","authors":"K. Kamarudin, Siti Najihah Solehin, N. S. Badrulhisham, A. M. Rehan","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"In today’s food industry, the new focus on large-scale microbial production of natural food colourants has emerged among the manufacturers due to the relatively costly production of plant-derived food colourants, and the doubtful safety status of inorganic and synthetic colourants. However, it is still very challenging to change the consumers’ reliance on synthetic colourants. In fact, the first European success on the launch of β-carotene from Blakeslea trispora in 1995 has headed more search for new sources of natural food grade microbial pigments. The acceptance and rejection of a microbial food grade pigment by a community of consumers depend on two main contributing factors i.e. the regional and the traditional-based legislations. This paper discusses the classification of natural pigments, the legislation on natural food colourants, the success and new sources of potential pigmentproducing microbes, and the advantages of microbial fermentation.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127490306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Checklist of Marine Fungi and Yeasts Associated with Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) leucospilota from Pangkor Island","authors":"Mohd Zulhafiz Che Zahri, M. Rehan, K. Kamarudin, Fatin Najihah Mohd Lutfi, S. M. Radzi, A. M. Rehan","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2020.01.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"Marine microorganisms such as fungi and yeasts can adapt to extreme marine environment conditions and play different roles especially in the nutrient cycling and as bioindicator of ocean change. This study was carried out to isolate and identify fungi and yeasts associated with Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) leucospilota from Pangkor Island, Perak, Malaysia in order to determine their species richness. Two specimens of H. leucospilota were collected from Giam Island and Teluk Nipah Beach of Pangkor Island. Nine samples of fungi and ten samples of yeasts were isolated from the internal and external parts of the H. leucospilota specimens such as cuticle, tentacle, coelomic fluid, cloaca, cuvierian tubules, and surrounding sediment and seawater. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region were applied for species identification of the microorganisms. Sequence analyses of the ITS region resulted in the identification of five genera of fungi i.e. Cladosporium, Curvularia, Polyporaceae, Acremonium, and Penicillium; and four genera of yeasts i.e. Sterigmatomyces, Pichia, Debaryomyces, and Candida with some of them could be identified up to the species level. The findings have significantly contributed to the recent information on the checklist of fungi and yeasts isolated from the H. leucospilota specimens from Pangkor Island.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127598931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}