Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8最新文献

Study on Phytoremediation Potential of Vetiver Plants and Its Amelioration by Ascorbic Acid in Constructed Wetlands 人工湿地中香根草植物修复潜力及抗坏血酸改良研究

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8 Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/12522d

G. Dhanya, D. Jaya

引用次数: 0

Determination of Microbial Water Quality of Treated Water and Raw Water Sources in the Harare Area, Zimbabwe 津巴布韦哈拉雷地区处理水和原水的微生物水质测定

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8 Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/2591f

T. G. Chirenda, Sunitha C. Srinivas, R. Tandlich

{"title":"Determination of Microbial Water Quality of Treated Water and Raw Water Sources in the Harare Area, Zimbabwe","authors":"T. G. Chirenda, Sunitha C. Srinivas, R. Tandlich","doi":"10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/2591f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/2591f","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial water quality is an essential aspect in the provision of potable water for domestic use. The provision of adequate amounts of safe water for domestic purposes has become difficult for most municipalities mandated to do so in Zimbabwe. Morton-Jaffray Treatment Plant supplies potable water to Harare City and areas surrounding Harare. This study investigated microbial water quality and the impact of microbial water quality related disasters in the area supplied by the Morton Jaffray Treatment Plant. Questionnaires were distributed to household owners in Harare who receive their water from the Municipality and those who use alternate water supplies. Candidates were randomly selected from their workplace. The raw water quality of Manyame River and its tributaries was assessed. Treated water in households was assessed for microbial quality using hydrogen sulphide test and heterotrophic bacteria plate count. Raw water sources were found to be contaminated by faecal matter. Household water sources tested negative for faecal contamination but positive for heterotrophic bacteria. CFU quantities ranged from 1 to 452 CFU/m(ell) for all samples. The WHO guidelines for domestic water sources state that water used for domestic purposes should not contain more than 100 CFU/m(ell). Public perceptions of water quality ranged from 'unsafe' to 'highly contaminated'. A decrease in the level of aesthetic appeal resulted in residents resorting to alternative sources such as wells and rivers for their domestic water. The current state of treated water was suitable for domestic use. Pathogen monitoring of domestic water is recommended using the hydrogen sulphide test and R2A agar test.","PeriodicalId":250553,"journal":{"name":"Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121620130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation and Assessment of Water Quality Index of River Salandi at Hadagada Dam and Its Down Stream upto Akhandalmani, Bhadrak, Odisha, India 印度奥里萨邦哈达格达大坝萨兰迪河及其下游至Akhandalmani的水质指数调查与评价

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8 Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/11162d

P. K. Panda, R. B. Panda, P. Dash

{"title":"Investigation and Assessment of Water Quality Index of River Salandi at Hadagada Dam and Its Down Stream upto Akhandalmani, Bhadrak, Odisha, India","authors":"P. K. Panda, R. B. Panda, P. Dash","doi":"10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/11162d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/11162d","url":null,"abstract":"After going through Hadagada dam, Agarpada, and Bhadrak town, the river Salandi joins the river Baitarani near Akhandalmani, the Tinitar Ghat. Forest runoff, untreated and semi-treated mining wastes, agricultural wastes, Ferro Alloys Corporation (FACOR) industrial wastes, and urban wastes are all collected during the journey. Water samples were collected from nine different stations in the summer (April and May), rainy (August), post-rainy (October), and winter (December) of 2015, and physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters were examined using standard protocols. The weighted arithmetic index approach was used to determine the water quality index (WQI) of river Salandi using the mean values of twelve significant parameters over the course of the year. The water quality index (WQI) reveals that water quality varies by monitoring station, with good water quality at Hadagada Dam, Satabhauni, and Dhusuri, poor water quality at Akhandalmani & very poor water quality at Bidyadharapur, very poor and unfit for drinking water at Agarpada, Randia (FACOR), and Baudpur, and river water of class ‘C' at Rajghat. The river after passing Bhadrak town is free from pollution. It is due to dilution and by natural processes where the pollutants are stabilized.","PeriodicalId":250553,"journal":{"name":"Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126192983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unplanned Urbanization and Canopy Losses in Punjab, India: A Theoretical Approach 印度旁遮普省无计划的城市化和林冠损失:一个理论方法

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8 Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/12577d

Kirandeep K. Dhami

{"title":"Unplanned Urbanization and Canopy Losses in Punjab, India: A Theoretical Approach","authors":"Kirandeep K. Dhami","doi":"10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/12577d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/12577d","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization, or the expansion of concrete areas in cities, has resulted in a shift in land use patterns around the world. The canopy cover in the regions has been mostly damaged by the expansion of concrete regions in cities. Those parts of the ground that used to be covered in trees have now become the concrete floors of cities. Despite the notion that forested area is essential for a healthy ecology, trees are being taken down with little thought or care. Punjab, an Indian state, is experiencing a high rate of unplanned urbanisation, which has resulted in significant canopy loss. It would not have necessitated substantial attention if the state had been rich in forested land. Punjab, on the other hand, is no longer recognised for its dense canopy cover. It is the state with the least amount of forest cover in the country, accounting for around 3.67 percent of its 50362 square kilometres or even less due to continuing deforestation in the name of development. Between 2011 and 2017, the state lost 9 lakh trees, with regeneration and afforestation taking a back seat during this time. As the state's tree-cutting programme continues, this percentage is shrinking with each passing day. With such a low canopy cover and a population of 28 million people to maintain, the state has already begun to see some of the negative impacts of unplanned urbanisation and canopy loss, such as depletion of the water table, changes in weather patterns, bad air, and water scarcity. The objective of this study is to document an increase in canopy losses in various parts of the state of Punjab in India using the published data and discuss the prevailing consequences observed due to urbanization at the massive scale in the state. This article reviews alarming canopy losses in the state in the past recent a few years and the impacts of unsustainable development in the state of Punjab, India.","PeriodicalId":250553,"journal":{"name":"Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114298263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the effect of Antecedent Rainfall on Pore-Water Pressure Distribution Characteristics in Residual Soil Slopes under Tropical Rainfall 热带降雨条件下前雨对残积土坡面孔隙水压力分布特征的影响

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8 Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/3989f

M. Elfadil

{"title":"Investigating the effect of Antecedent Rainfall on Pore-Water Pressure Distribution Characteristics in Residual Soil Slopes under Tropical Rainfall","authors":"M. Elfadil","doi":"10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/3989f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/3989f","url":null,"abstract":"The major criteria associated with unsaturated soil slope instability are characteristics of variations in pore-water pressure distribution. They are directly influenced by flux boundary conditions at the soil–atmosphere interface (rainfall infiltration, evaporation, and evapo-transpiration). Using Jet Fill Tensiometer, two slopes were instrumented at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia's Skudai campus in Malaysia. The field monitoring data was examined to quantify pore-water pressure distributions in residual soil slopes under tropical climate conditions in order to investigate the effect of antecedent rainfall on pore-water pressure distributions. Slope stability analyses were also carried out for each slope at a depth of 1.0-2.0 metre to define the factor of safety range. The results showed that antecedent rainfall, initial pore-water pressures prior to a significant rainfall event, and the magnitude of the rainfall event all play a significant role in the development of the worst pore-water pressure condition on a slope. In residual soils with low permeability, the influence of antecedent rainfall in the establishment of the worst pore-water pressure state was found to be more significant than in residual soils with high permeability.The factor of safety of low permeability residual soils was found to be unaffected by the worst pore-water pressure condition.","PeriodicalId":250553,"journal":{"name":"Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133516788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of Equilibrium Conditions of Methane Gas Hydrate 甲烷气体水合物平衡条件的测定

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8 Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/11680d

A. Kumari, Mukund Madhaw

引用次数: 0

Seasonal Variations in the Concentrations of Chemical Elements in the Organs of Selected Marine Fishes from the International Iraqi Waters, NW Arabian Gulf 西北阿拉伯湾伊拉克国际水域某些海鱼器官中化学元素浓度的季节变化

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8 Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/11927d

F. Al-imarah, G. A. Al-Najar, M.A.R. Al-Doghachi, Abbas A. Hantoosh

引用次数: 0

Using Time Series Analysis to Support the Water Resources Management in the Upper Basin of the Suquia River: An Observational Study 利用时间序列分析支持苏基亚河流域上游水资源管理的观测研究

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8 Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/4329f

Reyna Teresa, Guillén Nicolás, Lábaque María, Álvarez Javier, E. Matías, Funes Federico

{"title":"Using Time Series Analysis to Support the Water Resources Management in the Upper Basin of the Suquia River: An Observational Study","authors":"Reyna Teresa, Guillén Nicolás, Lábaque María, Álvarez Javier, E. Matías, Funes Federico","doi":"10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/4329f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/4329f","url":null,"abstract":"A time series analysis is a valuable tool to get information about analyzed data structures and their components, which provides a good basis for successful future predictions. This information is useful to take decisions to the best management of this resource. The region where the province of Cordoba is located is subject to strong variations in their hydrological cycles. The strong population growth experienced in the recent years in the city of Cordoba and its area of influence (Area of Greater Cordoba) with more than 1.4000.000 inhabitants, has resulted in conflicts in the uses of this resource. During the last decades have been situations of prolonged droughts and floods. The Suquia River, is the most important source of supply to the City of Cordoba and runs through the city. The prediction of the rainfall over its basin is crucial for proper management reservoir level, floods, and droughts. In this paper, a time series analysis´s study was applied as a valuable tool to get information about rainfall´s data structures and their components to provides a good basis for successful prediction future climate situations. \u0000This study deals with the modeling and forecasting of rainfall time series in the area of upper basin of Suquia River. The series analyzed were San Antonio. El Condor, Season: El Cajon and El Barrio Station Canal. The time series models that were proposed for the analysis of each record were ARMA models. The results show that the time series analysis is a tool that offers valuable information on the characteristics pluviographs.","PeriodicalId":250553,"journal":{"name":"Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127652532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determining the Structure of the Community of Dominant Fish Species Associated to Soft Bottoms in the Lagoon of La Paz, B.C.S. México La Paz, B.C.S.泻湖软底优势鱼类群落结构的测定

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8 Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/12587d

Bruma R. Castillo-Rosas, E. Barjau-González, J. López-Vivas, J. A. Armenta-Quintana, Javier Aguilar-Parra

{"title":"Determining the Structure of the Community of Dominant Fish Species Associated to Soft Bottoms in the Lagoon of La Paz, B.C.S. México","authors":"Bruma R. Castillo-Rosas, E. Barjau-González, J. López-Vivas, J. A. Armenta-Quintana, Javier Aguilar-Parra","doi":"10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/12587d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/12587d","url":null,"abstract":"The study of fish communities from coastal lagoons allows a better understanding of role of these organisms in these systems, and the effect of anthropogenic impact. The aim of the present study was to determine the community structure, in particular dominance of fish species associated to soft bottoms in the lagoon of La Paz, while the specific objectives considered Determine the physicochemical parameters of the localities and their relationship with the dominant species, determine the structure of soft bottom species by using the ecological indexes of specific richness of Margalef (IRE), Shannon-Weaver (H '), Pielou’s evenness (J'), Simpson (Dsi),determine the ecological role of the dominant species according to the BVI and determine the resident and transitory species according to their zoogeographic affinity. Six bimonthly samplings were carried out in seven localities from November 2016 to September 2017 and physicochemical parameters were recorded. Analysis of temperature showed differences between two marked seasons, warm and cold. Species richness showed differences between months and localities. Shannon-Weaver index and Pielou’s evenness showed significant differences only between months. Simpson’s index suggests a high diversity. According to the BVI, 15 species from the families Haemulidae, Sciaenidae and Gerreidae, were the most biologically important. Zoogeographic affinity analysis showed that 58% of the species prefer the Province of Cortez. Dominant species recorded in this study play a key role in soft-bottom systems like the lagoon of La Paz.","PeriodicalId":250553,"journal":{"name":"Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116355515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate Change Deciphered 破译气候变化

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8 Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v8/3881f

Burl Henry

引用次数: 0