Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Effectiveness of Wet Cupping versus Blood Donation on Hematological Parameters in Healthy Young Adults","authors":"Z. Mustafa, S. Sheiko","doi":"10.15218/ejnm.2020.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2020.02","url":null,"abstract":"Backgrounds and objectives: Therapeutic phlebotomy is the removal of blood from the body that has been practiced since ancient time for treating the illnesses. Recently, interest in wet cupping to treat various hematological disorders particularly polycythemia and high hemoglobin in public has grown. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of wet cupping versus blood donation on hematological parameters. \u0000Methods: A total of 60 healthy young adults were assigned non-randomly either in cupping (n=30) or blood donation (n=30) groups. Blood samples were collected from all subjects to measure hematological parameters before and one week after interventions. Subjects of wet cupping and blood donation were matched in age and baseline hematological parameters. \u0000Results: The findings of the study showed a significant difference in hematological parameters of wet-cupping and blood donation including Hb level (14.87 vs. 14.39), PCV (44.78 vs. 42.91), and RBC (5.27 vs. 4.94), respectively. While the values of other parameters were not different significantly; MCV (85.15 vs. 86.95), MCH (28.31 vs. 29.20), MCHC (33.24 vs. 33.57), RDW (12.53 vs. 12.40), platelet (245.77 vs. 246.27), and WBC (7.47 vs. 7.47), respectively. \u0000Conclusion: The present study suggests that both wet-cupping and blood donation are effective interventions in reducing hematological parameters.","PeriodicalId":250078,"journal":{"name":"Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129490170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Quality of Pre Cardiac Catheterization Nursing Care at Surgical Specialty Hospital-Cardiac Center in Erbil City","authors":"Yousif Omer","doi":"10.15218/ejnm.2020.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2020.09","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Cardiac catheterization is an invasive procedure, also is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure of the heart and blood vessel. A major role of nurses is to provide care to the patients before procedure. The aim of the study is to assess the quality of nursing care for patients undergoing cardiac catheterization in cardiac centre in Erbil city.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on all nurses who perform pre cardiac catheterization nursing care in the Surgical Specialty Hospital - Cardiac Centre in Erbil City. A questionnaire and checklist was designed for the purpose of the study. Data were collected through the part one interview with nurses and part two was checklist observation of nursing care. Frequency and Kendall test was used for data analysis.Result: The mean ± SD of age was 25.36 ±2.16 years. Gender was more than half of the nurses were female, were male (45.5 %), single (63.6%), most (90.9) of them were nurses graduated from Hawler Medical Technical Institute, the length of experience in nursing (63.6%) had experience of 1-5 years, duration of work for nurses (72.7%) in cardiac catheterization worked for 1-5 years, and none of them attended any training program on cardiac catheterization in the Kurdistan region or abroad.In general, there was no significant association between the quality of pre cardiac catheterization nursing care and their socio-demographic characteristics of the nurses.Conclusion: Nursing care had sometimes to never level, but need continuous knowledge and training course regarding nursing care. Future research is required to affirm these determinations.","PeriodicalId":250078,"journal":{"name":"Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126001952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to Adherence to Post-stroke Exercise Program: A Qualitative Study into the Experiences of Patients with Stroke","authors":"Dara Al-Banna, S. Khuder","doi":"10.15218/ejnm.2019.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2019.17","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Approximately one-third of stroke patients remain disabled and post-stroke rehabilitation is required. Adherence to an exercise rehabilitation program is considered an important area of interest in the wake of optimizing long-term participation in physical activities after stroke. This study aims to explore the barriers to adherence to exercise program among post-stroke patients.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in the Physiotherapy units of Hawler and Rizgary Teaching Hospitals, Erbil, the Kurdistan Region of Iraq including twelve post-stroke participants with limited/ inadequate adherence to a post-stroke exercise program schedule from March to December 2018. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews. All of the interviews were conducted at a time and place that was the most convenient for the participants. Within two months, the categories emerging from the analysis of the inter-views began to repeat, and no new categories emerged, leading to an enrollment of 14 participants. One month after the first interview, the second interview was conducted which included 12 participants. This was done to confirm their previous answers and ensuring that there were no new concepts about this limited adherence. Software for Qualitative Data Analysis was used for managing the data.Results: More than half of the participants were over 70 years old, male, illiterate, married, and housekeepers from urban areas. Most of the participants had an ischemic stroke for more than four weeks. The barriers to adherence to post-stroke exercise program were categorized into the four main categories of the barriers related to environment and facility, personal (physical and psychological) factors, organizational policies, and contents of exercise program.Conclusion: Barriers to adherence are different in nature. Environmental barriers and lack of facilities show that a well-organized rehabilitation program in health care system at directorate of health-Erbil is very important to improve and facilitate adherence...","PeriodicalId":250078,"journal":{"name":"Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124680053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Health Teaching on Women’s Knowledge and Skills Regarding Breast Self-Examination in Primary Health Centers in Erbil City/Iraq","authors":"K. Aziz, Shayma Sameer Maqsud","doi":"10.15218/EJNM.2019.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15218/EJNM.2019.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Breast cancer is a general term used for different types of cancers that develop from breast tissue cells. Breast self-examination may help detection of breast cancer in early time. The aim of the study is to identify women’s knowledge and skills about Breast Self-Examination. The objectives of the study was to identify the overall effectiveness of health teaching on knowledge and skills of women about Breast Self-Examination.Methods: A Quasi-experimental study was conducted on 100 women who attended to three main primary health care centers in Erbil city during November 2017 to April 2018. Data collection was done two times, one before teaching session and second after that through direct interview and a questionnaire format. Chi-square test was used for comparing pre and post-test results of the study sample.Results: Regarding level of knowledge about Breast Self-Examination the results revealed that there were three levels as: poor 28%, fair 49% and good 23%. Regarding their skills about Breast Self-Examination, the results indicated that there were three categories as poor 78%, fair 6% and good 16 %. There was a significant difference between overall knowledge and skills of participants before and after teaching session.Conclusion: Teaching session was effective on Breast Self-Examination knowledge and skills. Public education can be developed by health policy in the region in order to breast cancer prevention and early detection.","PeriodicalId":250078,"journal":{"name":"Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129103147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurses Job Satisfaction in Health Care Institutions in Duhok City","authors":"A. Sarkees, S. S. Azzez","doi":"10.15218/EJNM.2019.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15218/EJNM.2019.07","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Nurses are one of the most important human resources working in health care institutions as they range in different levels and disciplines. They are the mainstay of modern health care institutions and a vital component in these institutions achieving their goals. Therefore, nurses' job satisfaction is an important aspect in providing quality health care. This study was conducted to determine nurses' job satisfaction in health care institutions in Duhok City.Methods: A descriptive study design was carried out to assess the nurses' job satisfaction in health care institutions of Duhok City. This study involved nurses who worked the morning shift in both primary health care centers and public hospitals in Duhok City. A total of 137 nurses were selected from 946 nurses through utilizing a non-probability (purposive) sampling method and agreed to be subject of present study. A questionnaire designed by researchers was used for data collection through review of previous related studies and the data were gathered through self-report method. This questionnaire consisted of two aspects; the first one used for gathering nurses' socio-demographic data and the second one consisted of 30 Likert scale questions with responses ranging from strongly disagree, disagree, agree, strongly agree, and scored one to four respectively. These questions were divided into 5 categories as follow: job promotion, nature of work, work policy, communication and interaction, and supervision satisfaction. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and Pearson correlation) and levels of job satisfaction were calculated through using cut off points.Results: General dissatisfaction of nurses in regards to their job promotion, nature of work, work policy, work supervision, and communication and interaction.Conclusions: Nurses working in health care institutions in Duhok City were dissatisfied in regards to the categories included in this study.","PeriodicalId":250078,"journal":{"name":"Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129914372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Potentially Traumatic Events among Adolescents in Erbil City","authors":"R. Abdullah, N. Shaker","doi":"10.15218/EJNM.2019.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15218/EJNM.2019.08","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Many children and teenagers throughout lifetime maybe ex-pose to extraordinary forms of stressful and traumatic events, particularly individuals who live in countries experiencing continuous conflicts such as Iraq. Approximately one-third of traumatized adolescents might develop symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. The current study aimed to evaluate the types of potentially traumatic events and prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder among adolescents in Erbil city.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at eleven public and private schools in Erbil City. The samples of the study were selected in three stages; the schools' selection, the class selection in the schools, and involvement of 300 students within the study. Data were collected from face-to-face interview of participants from 1st of March to 15th May 2018. Screening for post-traumatic stress disorder was done by using the post-traumatic stress disorder screening tool. The validity and reliability have been verified. Frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square, t-tests, and Fisher exact test was used for data analysis.Results: Majority of participants were Kurdish, from the host community; More than half of them were males and middle in the rank within their families while the most prevalent potentially traumatic events were identified to be emotional abuse and physical abuse. Such events include betrayal and disappointment, witnessing parents fighting with each other, witnessing direct physical torturing, and physical torture. Among traumatized ado-lescents, it is predicted that about 41.7% have post-traumatic stress disorder.Conclusions: Post-traumatic stress disorder is prevalent among adolescent students and it differs in terms of gender and type of schools. Post-traumatic stress disorder was found to be the highest percentage among females compared to males, and within public schools compared to private schools. The most prevalent potentially traumatic events among adolescents were emotional and physical trauma.","PeriodicalId":250078,"journal":{"name":"Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128135012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Of Suicide among Women Survived Domestic Violence In Erbil Governorate","authors":"Diana A Kako, A. Gardi","doi":"10.15218/EJNM.2019.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15218/EJNM.2019.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Domestic violence is a global issue leading to many medical and mental health consequences. A stable family relationship is mandatory for physical and mental health. The current study aimed at assessing the risk of suicide as a consequence of domestic violence among the survived women in Erbil governorate.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. A sample of 105 women survived from domestic violence was recruited through a non-probability snowball sampling technique. Data were collected through direct interview with survivals using an adapted version of the ready-made questionnaire format of Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale. The questionnaire was used for interviewing the women about (socio-demographic, violence, and risk of suicide). The validity and reliability of the instrument was checked. Data were analyzed by using the frequency, percentage and fisher exact test from the Statistical Package for Social Science version 23.Results: The results of the study revealed that, the mean age of the study sample was 33.16 years old. 62.9% were married, and 63.8% were housewives. 33.3% of violence conducted was marital rape, in 26.2% of the cases; the violence was continuous throughout the past year. 76.2% of women wished for death and 57.1% thought of suicide. The suicidal risk was mostly linked to rape and sexual violence, were 100% of raped cases wished for death, and 62.5% of them had set a suicidal plan.Conclusion: Domestic violence has a direct relation to the risk of suicide among women survived domestic violence.","PeriodicalId":250078,"journal":{"name":"Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":"5 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123904136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Episiotomy and Perineal Tear in the Maternity Teaching Hospital of Erbil City, Iraq","authors":"H. Ahmed, Warda Abdollah, N. Al-Tawil","doi":"10.15218/EJNM.2019.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15218/EJNM.2019.06","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: During childbirth, women are at risk for experiencing perineal trauma to the genitalia resulting in a tear of the perineum or the surgical process of an episiotomy. Knowing the prevalence and the risk factors associated with perineal trauma may help in the reduction of episiotomy and prevention of occurrence of tear. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence and risk factors associated with perineal trauma among women ages 15-48.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Maternity Teaching Hospital of Erbil, Kurdistan region, Iraq. All records of mothers (n = 1500) who had been admitted to the delivery room for vaginal delivery during the month of May (2015) were reviewed. Chi-square test of association and binary logistic regression were used to interpret the data.Results: The overall rates of episiotomy, tear, their combined presence, and an intact perineum were: 47.8%, 7.2%, 26.1% and 18.9%, respectively. Incidence of having an episiotomy, tear, or combination of both, were significantly associated with women of young ages and women who were primigravida parity. There was a statistically significant association between high birth weight and the occurrence of perineal trauma. There was no association between perineal trauma and residency (urban/rural), occupation, gender of baby and time of delivery. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that having an episiotomy increased the risk of a tear by more than 30%.Conclusions: The prevalence of episiotomy was found to be 73.9% which is much higher compared to the World Health Organization recommendation which is 10%. Perineal trauma were associated with factors such as age, parity, and birth weight. Episiotomy is a risk factor for a vaginal tear. We recommend further research to inform the development and implementation of restrictive episiotomy policies to reduce and prevent occurrences of perineal trauma.","PeriodicalId":250078,"journal":{"name":"Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125065782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Self-care Practices of Adolescent Students with Pre-menstrual Syndrome in Erbil City","authors":"S. Ahmed, A. Saeed","doi":"10.15218/EJNM.2019.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15218/EJNM.2019.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Premenstrual syndrome includes recurrent, troublesome physical and emotional symptoms that develop 7–14 days before the onset of menstruation and subsides when menstruation occurs. This study aimed to assess adolescent student's knowledge and self-care practices toward premenstrual syndrome in intermediate and secondary schools at Kurdistan Region of Iraq.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in primary and secondary schools in Erbil city from January 2018 to June 2018. Purposive (non-probability) sampling technique was used to target 200 adolescent students through in person interviews by a questionnaire. The clinical criterion of American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists for Premenstrual syndrome was used. Data were presented using descriptive statistics in the form of frequencies, percentages, and Chi-Square test.Results: The majority (72.5%) of adolescent students were between ages 13-16 years. The majority (75.5%) of students knew about symptoms of Premenstrual syndrome different from woman to woman or cycle to cycle, while most (63%) of school girls never practiced yoga to decrease Premenstrual syndrome symptoms. The results revealed that the majority of overall study sample, 60% had fair knowledge toward premenstrual syndrome. The assessment of student's mother is fair because majority (42%) of their mothers were illiterate, while most (71.5%) of subjects sometimes used self-care practices to manage or control symptoms of premenstrual syndrome. There was no significant association between levels of knowledge of students with self-care practices.Conclusions: Knowledge and self-care measures about premenstrual syndrome were in-sufficient among the adolescent school girls. Students are needing educational program to increase female awareness and practice about Premenstrual syndrome.","PeriodicalId":250078,"journal":{"name":"Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128234854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Nurses in Health Needs of Refugees and Internally Displaced Peoples","authors":"H. MohammedSadiq, Sana Ahmed, Saadia MuhammedHassan","doi":"10.15218/EJNM.2019.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15218/EJNM.2019.09","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Nurses working in refugee camps face to high basic health needs of these populations requiring a nursing role in this situation. The aim of this study was to explore the role of nurses in addressing the basic health needs of refugees and internally displaced peoples.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 120 nurses from 26 camps in Duhok governorate/Iraqi Kurdistan were invited to participate in the study between September 15th and November 25th, 2017. Data was collected through the direct interview (investigator-administered self-reported technique) with the participants. The findings of the study were presented in descriptive statistics.Results: The mean age of nurses was 29.10 years old. The nurses participated in activities such as infection control activities (78.3%), health education campaigns (92.5%), breastfeeding education (84.2%), and nursing health care services (94.2%). Board of Relief and Humanitarian Affairs is a governmental body within the structure of Duhok governorate and is a key agent of basic needs of refugees.Conclusions: The study documented that a considerable percentage of nurses have participated in the nursing-based activities in refugee camps.","PeriodicalId":250078,"journal":{"name":"Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121797732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}