Federalism-E最新文献

Federalism-E Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.24908/federalism-e.v24i1.16267

Liam Nohr

{"title":"Reconciliatory Federalism","authors":"Liam Nohr","doi":"10.24908/federalism-e.v24i1.16267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24908/federalism-e.v24i1.16267","url":null,"abstract":"In 2015, Canada saw a Liberal government form under the young and energetic leadership of Justin Trudeau. After a Conservative government under Stephen Harper, Trudeau set out to bring a ‘fresh and exciting’ vision of Canada that prioritized reconciliation with Indigenous peoples. Thus “reconciliatory federalism” was born. Since then, discussions between Indigenous leaders and the federal government have increased exponentially, yet the undertones of Canada’s colonial history still play an evidentiary role in Canadian federalism. This paper seeks to evaluate Trudeau’s “reconciliatory federalism” in relation to the scholarly literature pertaining to Indigenous self-determination and Canadian federalism. Moreover, using definitions of Kiera Ladner’s treaty federalism and Martin Papillon’s multi-level governance as a theoretical framework, I seek to investigate if Trudeau’s vision of reconciliatory federalism can bridge the two scholarly camps together. While treaty federalism argues for a top-down approach to establish a nation-to-nation relationship between Indigenous peoples and the state, multi-level governance argues for a bottom-up approach in which Indigenous peoples find multiple avenues within the existing federalist structure to integrate into. Using the examples of the Wet’sewet’en Cree First Nation and the Manitoba Métis Federation, I seek to contextualize the implications of reconciliatory federalism in relation to the two scholarly camps.","PeriodicalId":247232,"journal":{"name":"Federalism-E","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114807765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Local Government-First Nation Treaty Agreements in B.C. 卑诗省地方政府-第一民族条约协定

Federalism-E Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.24908/federalism-e.v24i1.16272

Gurleen Johal

{"title":"Local Government-First Nation Treaty Agreements in B.C.","authors":"Gurleen Johal","doi":"10.24908/federalism-e.v24i1.16272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24908/federalism-e.v24i1.16272","url":null,"abstract":"Although there have been efforts from both federal and local governments towards reconciliation in recent times, there are very few modern treaties in B.C. An important component of reconciliation is repairing relations between the government and First Nations and treaties are an important way of doing so. Treaties according to the BC Treaty Commission are legal agreements between First Nations, and the provincial and federal government that ensures Indigenous rights and promotes reconciliation. Specifically, modern treaties can enable Indigenous self-governance, self-determination, economic sufficiency and land ownership. In 1991, BC Task Force joined and made new recommendations to improve the BC treaty process, leading to new provincial legislation about treaty-making in BC. As a result, the local government and First Nations made stronger efforts to engage in treaty negotiations across the province. Although several First Nations have participated in the treaty-making process, BC has only successfully signed seven modern treaties. Of the seven, the Tsawwassen treaty is the only treaty in an urban area. This paper aims to explore why there are so few modern treaties between the local government and First Nations in an urban context. Ultimately, this paper will draw from the Tsawwassen, Musqueam, Squamish and Tsleil-Waututh Nations to discuss the barriers that explain the limited number of modern treaties in BC and why some First Nations groups are reluctant to engage in treaty agreements with the local government.","PeriodicalId":247232,"journal":{"name":"Federalism-E","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126442890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

State Masculine Logics, Neoliberalism, and Canadian Federalism 国家阳刚逻辑、新自由主义与加拿大联邦制

Federalism-E Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.24908/federalism-e.v24i1.16268

Karina Valcke-Beckett

引用次数: 0

Time to Move On 是时候继续前进了

Federalism-E Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.24908/federalism-e.v24i1.16230

J. Weir

{"title":"Time to Move On","authors":"J. Weir","doi":"10.24908/federalism-e.v24i1.16230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24908/federalism-e.v24i1.16230","url":null,"abstract":"The reform of Canada’s federal electoral system was a key platform promise of the Liberal party throughout the 2015 election campaign. Justin Trudeau famously proclaimed that the 2015 federal election would be the last in Canada under a first-past-the-post (FPTP) system; but, as several years followed, there was no change, and discourse surrounding the issue has largely fizzled out (Small, 41). Canada’s FPTP system has not changed since confederation, and it remains among only four other democracies worldwide that use “this archaic electoral system” (Rebick). FPTP is considered to create two main issues in Canadian politics: distortion of votes, and heightened regionalism. Voting behaviour and outcomes are currently distorted through unequal vote weight, ‘wasted votes’, and the phenomenon of strategic voting. Regionalism leads to national division, skews which issues are considered electorally important, negatively alters party behaviour, and changes how political preferences are perceived in Canada. Together, these effects are disengaging the Canadian public from political participation. This paper will explain the ways in which vote distortion and regionalism plague Canada’s current electoral system and the health of its democracy, and demonstrate how a shift towards a mixed-member proportional representation (MMPR) electoral system can alleviate those issues. Specifically, MMPR’s provision of a broader second vote nullifies the effect of wasted votes and strategic voting, while discouraging political parties from engaging in behaviour that targets specific electoral regions and produces political polarization.","PeriodicalId":247232,"journal":{"name":"Federalism-E","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126443430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Canadian Senate and the election of senators 加拿大参议院和参议员的选举

Federalism-E Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.24908/fede.v23i1.15367

Stephanie Hastick

{"title":"The Canadian Senate and the election of senators","authors":"Stephanie Hastick","doi":"10.24908/fede.v23i1.15367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24908/fede.v23i1.15367","url":null,"abstract":"The research essay debates whether the Canadian Senate should keep its current government-appointed system where the executive branch chooses who becomes a senator. Alternatively, there should be an elected Senate where senators must run in elections to keep their seats. From these two opinions, the research essay will support electing a Senate to reform the current system of appointments. The essay's introduction will give context to how the Senate currently works—for example, describing how the Governor-General makes the senators' appointments on the prime minister's advice. Furthermore, provinces are assigned a certain number of seats, with the divisions being Ontario, Quebec, the maritime provinces, and the western provinces. The discussion will move to why Canada should have an elected Senate, defending that it gives power to the people, ultimately adding more democracy to Canada. Including providing checks and balances. Additionally, stopping the allowance of too much unilateral executive power. The following paragraph will be on how to organize an elected Senate. It will analyze the United States and Australia's senate system and compare how they operate within Canada's new senate design. Alongside discussion on how the voting system and the seat assignments to the provinces would work. Lastly, demonstrating how the elected Senate will change the way Canada can govern. For their scandals, it will allow citizens to hold senators accountable during election time, like Senators Mike Duffy, Patrick Brazeau, and Pamela Wallin. Both members of parliament and senators will have more autonomy as the prime minister's powers are weakened. Including the ability for voters to punish the House of Commons for legislation they pass with possible midterms. Plus, allowing for a slower and thoughtful process. Finally, the conclusion will include an overview of why the Senate should be elected, an elected senate's organization, and how an elected system would change the way the federal government can govern.","PeriodicalId":247232,"journal":{"name":"Federalism-E","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127223655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Truth and Reconciliation Commission Gives Municipalities the Opportunity to Defy their Status as "Creatures of the Province" 真相与和解委员会为市政当局提供了挑战“省民”地位的机会

Federalism-E Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.24908/fede.v23i1.15416

V. Hudson

{"title":"Truth and Reconciliation Commission Gives Municipalities the Opportunity to Defy their Status as \"Creatures of the Province\"","authors":"V. Hudson","doi":"10.24908/fede.v23i1.15416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24908/fede.v23i1.15416","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s (TRC) inclusion, or lack thereof, of Municipalities as a critical power structure in the process of decolonization and resurgence across settler-colonial Canada. The TRC only called upon Municipalities five times, suggesting that they have little importance to the process. This indicates that it is up to the Federal and Provincial governments to address the calls to action, to which they would only be able to apply a top-down and “one size fits all” approach. This approach is insufficient because many diverse subgroups of Indigenous people live across Canada. So, who will effectively help develop policies, resources, and urban planning for the local Indigenous communities? That would have to be municipalities, unlike what the TRC is suggesting. Municipalities are more capable of providing a grass-roots approach to urban planning and policymaking when addressing the calls to action, something the other levels of government can not do, therefore, defying the ideology of being known as “Creatures of the Province” and signifying their importance to the process. Throughout this paper, I identify how municipalities can effectively take on the calls to action by recognizing and including the unique Indigenous identities within urban spaces, a requirement in accomplishing true reconciliation, decolonization, and Indigenous resurgence.","PeriodicalId":247232,"journal":{"name":"Federalism-E","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122571879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Economic Decline on Canadian Regional Discontent 经济衰退对加拿大地区不满的影响

Federalism-E Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.24908/fede.v23i1.15382

Blair Maddock-Ferrie

引用次数: 0

Premiers Abroad

Federalism-E Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.24908/fede.v23i1.15371

Tyler Elliott

引用次数: 0

Federalism, A Contested Concept 联邦制，一个有争议的概念

Federalism-E Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.24908/fede.v23i1.15350

Sarah Asfour