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Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels最新文献

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Modeling and Use of Correlations in Heat Treatment 热处理中相关性的建模和应用
Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560307
{"title":"Modeling and Use of Correlations in Heat Treatment","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560307","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This chapter discusses the processes involved in the calculation of cooling and heating curves of importance in austenitizing and tempering. It also discusses the processes in the estimation of austenitizing time, formation of pearlite from austenite, estimation of transformation products of austenite, calculation of the amount of martensite and retained austenite, calculation of measures of hardenability, and estimation of mechanical properties. The chapter examines the method to estimate the amount of softening which occurs during heating to the tempering temperature. It considers the hardness of martensite as a function of carbon content. Then, the chapter describes the factors to consider to be able to calculate the residual stresses. It provides information on Kirkaldy's model used for calculating Jominy curves. Tables for calculating the temperature distribution in steels as a function of time during heating and cooling are also included.","PeriodicalId":244741,"journal":{"name":"Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels","volume":"268 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133991915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Iron-Carbon Phase Diagram and Time-Temperature-Transformation (TTT) Diagrams 铁碳相图和时间-温度相变图
Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560003
{"title":"The Iron-Carbon Phase Diagram and Time-Temperature-Transformation (TTT) Diagrams","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This chapter describes the two types of Time-Temperature-Transformation (TTT) diagrams used and outlines the methods of determining them. As a precursor to the examination of the decomposition of austenite, it first reviews the phases and microconstituents found in steels. This includes a presentation of the iron-carbon phase diagram and the equilibrium phases. The chapter also covers the common microconstituents that form in steels, including the nomenclature used to describe them. The chapter provides a comparison of isothermal and continuous cooling TTT diagrams. These diagrams are affected by the carbon and alloy content and by the prior austenite grain size, and the way in which these factors affect them is examined.","PeriodicalId":244741,"journal":{"name":"Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129313939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Temperature Conversions 温度转换
Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560407
M. Bishop
{"title":"Temperature Conversions","authors":"M. Bishop","doi":"10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560407","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This appendix contains a temperature conversion table listing temperatures to be converted, along with degree Centigrade or Fahrenheit equivalent.","PeriodicalId":244741,"journal":{"name":"Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122032037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
ASTM Standard A255-89 Method for Calculating Hardenability from Composition ASTM标准A255-89成分淬透性计算方法
Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560389
{"title":"ASTM Standard A255-89 Method for Calculating Hardenability from Composition","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560389","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This chapter discusses the method for calculating hardenability from the composition. It contains tables listing multiplying factors, carbon content, initial hardness, and 50% martensite hardness. The tables also list Jominy distance for 50% martensite vs. DI (In and mm), boron factors vs.% carbon and alloy factor, and distance hardness dividing factors for non-boron and boron steels (In and mm).","PeriodicalId":244741,"journal":{"name":"Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114355550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Compositions of Standard Alloy Steels 标准合金钢的成分
Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560415
{"title":"Compositions of Standard Alloy Steels","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560415","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This appendix contains tables listing the chemical compositions of standard alloy steels.","PeriodicalId":244741,"journal":{"name":"Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124400412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Glossary of Selected Terms 精选术语词汇表
Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560469
{"title":"Glossary of Selected Terms","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560469","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This appendix is a compilation of terms and definitions related to the heat treatment of plain carbon and low-alloy steels.","PeriodicalId":244741,"journal":{"name":"Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131957850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Austenitization of Steels 钢的奥氏体化
Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560205
{"title":"Austenitization of Steels","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560205","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Austenitization is the heat treatment of steel in the austenite region, and it is conducted for two reasons. One is to obtain austenite as a necessary precursor for heat treatment, and this is the main emphasis of this chapter. The other is to chemically homogenize steel, so that concentration gradients formed during solidification upon casting are minimized. The chapter provides a brief examination of austenitization for chemical homogenization, which deals with austenitizing prior to heat treating. The topics covered are dendritic segregation in steels, austenitization to remove coring, ingot segregation, grain growth behavior, formation of austenite, austenite grain size, heating in the austenite region, and practical austenitizing temperatures.","PeriodicalId":244741,"journal":{"name":"Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123634260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hardenability 淬透性
Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560043
{"title":"Hardenability","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The crux of this chapter is to develop a method to quantitatively define hardenability. The chapter includes the empirical methods to estimate the hardenability knowing the chemical composition, describes prior austenite grain size, and examines their utility. It then reviews the Jominy end-quench test and explains its relation to hardenability. The chapter outlines the concepts of the critical diameter and the ideal critical diameter, leading to establishing a quantitative measure of hardenability. Next, it examines methods that have been developed which allow estimation of the ideal critical diameter from the chemical composition and the austenite grain size. The chapter reviews the methods which allow calculation of the Jominy curve from a value of the ideal critical diameter. Additionally, it describes the selection and application of H-band steels. Finally, the chapter describes the effect of boron on the hardenability of steels.","PeriodicalId":244741,"journal":{"name":"Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132827814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
A Comment on Magnification Markers 关于放大标记的评论
Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560440
{"title":"A Comment on Magnification Markers","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560440","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This appendix presents a comment on magnification markers.","PeriodicalId":244741,"journal":{"name":"Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126009087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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