{"title":"On the essence of democracy and the election system","authors":"Zbigniew Szonert","doi":"10.1515/lape-2015-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lape-2015-0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":244362,"journal":{"name":"Law and Administration in Post-Soviet Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130228684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"General Remarks on Polish Bankruptcy Law","authors":"K. Maćkowska","doi":"10.1515/lape-2015-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lape-2015-0002","url":null,"abstract":"After Poland regained its independence in 1918, Polish bankruptcy law was based on provisions enacted by invaders what resulted in four diff erent binding systems in various parts of Poland. A unitary bankruptcy law was introduced in 1934 in a form of presidential executive orders, the fi rst regulating liquidation and the second one governing the procedure of reorganization. Both of these orders were modifi ed in 1990 and 1997 when a term of merchant was replaced by term of entrepreneur. As it is widely underlined, not only economic and legal aspects caused that a bankruptcy law has been updated. Also a linguistic level required enactment of a modern law1. In 2003 a new law was enacted and it is still valid, however it was modifi ed several times, including the last change dated on 31st of December, 2014. Th is act is entitled Th e Bankruptcy and Reorganization Law (further: the BRL). It consists of six parts: General rules relating to bankruptcy law and its eff ects, Cross borders proceedings, Separate bankruptcy proceedings, Reor-","PeriodicalId":244362,"journal":{"name":"Law and Administration in Post-Soviet Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126427543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Th e analysis of the amount and structure of foreign exchange reserves in Poland in the years 1998–2014","authors":"M. Redo","doi":"10.1515/lape-2015-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lape-2015-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign exchange reserves are understood as foreign currency owned and controlled by a central bank. Th ey are regarded in the majority of countries, especially developing countries, as the main part of reserve assets of a given country. Other components of such assets include gold and receivables from the International Monetary Fund (related to membership in this organization). Reserve assets of the country act as an external security of the fi nancial solvency of a given economy; thus, they determine fi nancial stability of the country and its credibility. Th at is why central banks actively manage the most fl uid part of reserve assets in order to acquire high profi tability with, at the same time, high level of security and fl uidity of invested means. Managing reserve assets in Poland, pursuant to Art. 3 paragraph 2 of the Act from the 29th of August, 1997 on NBP (the National Bank of Poland)1 is strictly in the power of the central bank (NBP). Actions in this respect are being specifi ed currently by Długoterminowa strategia zarządzania rezerwami dewizowymi of NBP","PeriodicalId":244362,"journal":{"name":"Law and Administration in Post-Soviet Europe","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131078401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The development of innovation and entrepreneurship in the voivodeship of Kuyavia and Pomerania","authors":"A. Strzelecki","doi":"10.1515/lape-2015-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lape-2015-0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":244362,"journal":{"name":"Law and Administration in Post-Soviet Europe","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130798783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polish contemporary legal system and its movie depict","authors":"Anna Garczewska","doi":"10.1515/lape-2015-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lape-2015-0001","url":null,"abstract":"1 Such fi lms were also made during the communist regime (e.g.: Without Anesthesia (Bez znieczulenia), dir. A. Wajda, 1978; No End (Bez końca), dir. K. Kieślowski, 1984; A short fi lm about killing (Krótki fi lm o zabijaniu) dir. K. Kieślowski, 1987; Collusion (Zmowa), dir. J. Petelski, 1988). Legal system existing in Poland between 1944 and 1989 as well as a bit diff erent conception of popular culture during that time would demand more in-depth analysis, therefore such fi lms are omitted in this article, as I concentrate on contemporary law and culture. 2 For example: Collusion (Zmowa, dir. J. Petelecki, 1988), Th e Debt (Dług, dir. K. Krauze, 1999), Immensity of Justice (Bezmiar sprawiedliwości, dir. W. Saniewski, 2006). Collusion (Zmowa) is based on “Połaniec case” of 1976, that was also made into series of articles, books and a theatre play. Th e other two fi lms are described herein. 3 E.g.: Execution (Egzekucja), dir. J. Krysiak, J. Morawski, 2000; Strongwoman (Siłaczka), dir. M. Zmarz-Koczanowicz, Poland 2002. explanation or consequences, connected with the main subject – politics4. Sometimes Polish law is also presented in foreign movies or in fi lms in cooperation with Polish fi lmmakers5. Th ere are also festivals6 or presentations7 of legal fi lms in Poland, raising awareness of legal and social problems. I would say that fi lms dealing with Polish legal system, as scarce as they are, may be classifi ed into three groups depending on their main subject:","PeriodicalId":244362,"journal":{"name":"Law and Administration in Post-Soviet Europe","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133657942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constitutional Changes in Poland Between 1989 and 1997","authors":"G. Górski","doi":"10.2478/lape-2014-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lape-2014-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1987 and 1988 the communist elite in Poland that held the power had become aware of the fact that the significant changes in both system and economic model were necessary. It resulted from the influence of both external factors, i.e. the general dismantling of the system and paralysis of the Soviet state, as well as the internal ones, such as the growing threat of economic disaster1. The growing social resistance and gradual self-","PeriodicalId":244362,"journal":{"name":"Law and Administration in Post-Soviet Europe","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114543423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Right to Court in Polish Penal Proceedings Since 1989","authors":"Anna Ryłow","doi":"10.2478/LAPE-2014-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/LAPE-2014-0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":244362,"journal":{"name":"Law and Administration in Post-Soviet Europe","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128143410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Principle of Decentralization of Public Power in Poland","authors":"Jacek Przybojewski","doi":"10.2478/lape-2014-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lape-2014-0003","url":null,"abstract":"The regard for width but also for effective way of exercising public power justifies placing centres of power in different configurations, also concerning the scope of formally determined territorial competences. It is in accordance with the logic of construction of institutional structure, comprising many decisive levels that have tasks, competences but also realization measures clearly determined. The aforementioned structure is formed basing on plain but the most often not directly hierarchical interdependencies. Such situation creates possibility of greater participation in exercising power by representatives of the Nation or local communities, chosen in general elections. Nevertheless, it remains a necessity to preserve balanced relations between state and local interests to ensure harmonious coexistence of constitutional rules of uniformity of the state – article 3 of the Constitution1 – and decentralization of public power (article 15 section 1 of the Constitution),","PeriodicalId":244362,"journal":{"name":"Law and Administration in Post-Soviet Europe","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129286273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polish Contemporary Legal System in Court Shows and Courtroom Dramas","authors":"Anna Garczewska","doi":"10.2478/lape-2014-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lape-2014-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Human creativity taking form of music, fashion or sports has always been present in everyday life; it can be commonly accepted (mainstream) or be a minuscule phenomenon (subcultures, countercultures). The mainstream culture is usually called the popular culture. Pop culture is heavily influenced by mass media, in the 21st century that mostly being television, cinema and the Internet. The effect is a media culture that shapes opinions, tastes and values of many (if not majority of ) people. Media culture is a culture of image. Sometimes the subject of this image is law. Popular culture can use different means to present legal problems, one of the most known is film. Aspects of law in the movies are widely researched within other countries and are the subject of a rapidly developing interdisciplinary scientific field: Law–and-Film1.","PeriodicalId":244362,"journal":{"name":"Law and Administration in Post-Soviet Europe","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125378789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Legal and Economic Aspects of the Financial Independence of Communes in Poland","authors":"A. Strzelecki","doi":"10.2478/lape-2014-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lape-2014-0004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":244362,"journal":{"name":"Law and Administration in Post-Soviet Europe","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129295448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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