Interrogation and Torture最新文献

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Interrogation and Torture Pub Date : 2020-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190097523.003.0007

R. Bull, Asbjørn Rachlew

{"title":"Investigative Interviewing","authors":"R. Bull, Asbjørn Rachlew","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190097523.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190097523.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"In many places throughout world, suspects (and sometimes witnesses and victims) are still interrogated in a coercive, pressurizing manner. The beliefs underlying such practices are examined in this chapter, as is the emerging body of research on offenders’ opinions about effective interviewing, which actually supports the efficacy of a more humanitarian approach. A seismic shift away from coercive interrogation that seminally commenced in 1992 in England and Wales—involving the “PEACE” investigative interviewing approach—is described, together with the research that underpinned this (then novel) method. Later scientific work in the United Kingdom on its effectiveness is then presented and discussed. After these studies are reviewed, more recent research from various countries are put forward that have also found a rapport-based, humane approach to be effective. Building on this emerging science, a number of investigative organizations in a variety of countries have replaced coercive interrogation techniques with investigative interviewing (e.g., the Norwegian Police and the New Zealand Police), and a greater number are in the process of doing the same. The Norwegian Police experience is exemplary on this point, and will be described in detail. The chapter will then conclude with an account of the recent United Nations initiative to establish a Universal Protocol that adopts this type of non-coercive approach based on study and practice.","PeriodicalId":244138,"journal":{"name":"Interrogation and Torture","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128487460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 107

Personality Disruption as Mental Torture 人格分裂是一种精神折磨

Interrogation and Torture Pub Date : 2020-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190097523.003.0003

D. Luban, Kay Newell

{"title":"Personality Disruption as Mental Torture","authors":"D. Luban, Kay Newell","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190097523.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190097523.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyzes the interrogation program employed by the CIA on high-value detainees (the so-called Rendition, Detention, and Interrogation or RDI program), and argues that it constitutes mental torture under U.S. law. By extension, the argument applies to any use of similar interrogation methods. Specifically, we show through detailed textual and historical analysis that the RDI program of inducing “learned helplessness” violates the Torture Acts’ prohibition on inflicting prolonged mental harm by procedures “calculated to disrupt profoundly the human personality.” The chapter accomplishes four main things. First, it demonstrates a connection between the RDI program and previous decades’ interrogation research sponsored by the CIA. The program was not an improvisation devised by contract psychologists because the Agency lacked expertise (one of its public claims). Second, it demonstrates that the Torture Statute prohibits the methods devised through this research. Third, it demonstrates the need for a fundamental shift in the way both lawyers and commentators talk about the RDI program: de-emphasizing the short list of “enhanced interrogation techniques” approved in the well-known “torture memos,” and emphasizing instead the larger program of round-the-clock abuse aiming at personality disruption. Finally, it documents these claims with information mined from tens of thousands of pages of declassified government sources.","PeriodicalId":244138,"journal":{"name":"Interrogation and Torture","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132183464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Afterword 后记

Interrogation and Torture Pub Date : 2020-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190097523.003.0022

Alberto Mora

引用次数: 0