Utpal Dey, Ravindra C. Joshi, Shatabhisa Sarkar, Ranjit Sharma Ph., Mohanty A.K.
{"title":"Armyworm population dynamics and damage assessment in rice agroecosystems at Jampuijala, Tripura, India","authors":"Utpal Dey, Ravindra C. Joshi, Shatabhisa Sarkar, Ranjit Sharma Ph., Mohanty A.K.","doi":"10.55278/xnov5806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55278/xnov5806","url":null,"abstract":"Rice cultivation faces persistent challenges from various insect pests, including invasive species. The emergence of four armyworm species (rice swarming caterpillar, Spodoptera mauritia (Boisduval), common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (F.); rice ear-cutting caterpillar/paddy armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker); and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), along with other herbivores, poses significant threats to Asian rice ecosystems, causing considerable economic losses. This study investigates the occurrence and distribution of these armyworm species in rice agro-ecosystems across three Village Councils (VCs). Only S. mauritia larvae were observed, appearing in nursery fields approximately16-27 days after sowing and displaying sudden mass attacks primarily targeting seedlings at the 1-5 leaf stages. Damage manifestations included cutting leaf tips, creating shot holes on leaf blades, and occasionally severing seedlings at the base. The Ranjit variety in Kalaibari VC and the Gomati variety in Killa Verma VC showed the highest infestation rates (18.0%) and larval populations (1.7 larvae/m2). These findings offer valuable insights for stakeholders involved in rice cultivation across Asian rice-producing nations. Keywords: Oryza sativa, Spodoptera mauritia, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera litura, Mythimna separata.","PeriodicalId":243834,"journal":{"name":"Insect Environment","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140385790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The egg parasitoids, Trichogramma japonicum and Telenomus dignus, seem to have doubtful impact on the regulation of rice yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas – It is time for a reality check","authors":"Manjunath T. M","doi":"10.55278/rrvv7560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55278/rrvv7560","url":null,"abstract":"The egg parasitoids, Trichogramma japonicum and Telenomus dignus, generally record a high rate of parasitism of egg masses, often 100%, but critical studies in India revealed that these, either alone or in combination, parasitized only up to 60% of the eggs in an egg mass, allowing the remaining 40% to hatch and cause potential damage. It is so because they could parasitize only those eggs that are laid on the upper surface and cannot reach out and parasitize eggs laid at the bottom layer. As a result of this inherent limitation resulting in partial parasitism of egg masses, these parasitoids, either by way of natural parasitism or artificial releases even in high numbers, seem to have a doubtful impact on the regulation of rice yellow stem borer (YSB), Scirpophaga incertulas. Tetrastichus schoenobii is also a common parasitoid of YSB, but it appears very late in the field and remains active only for a short period which greatly reduces its importance unless manipulated as suggested. It is time for a reality check and to be pragmatic in our approach in utilizing these parasitoids.","PeriodicalId":243834,"journal":{"name":"Insect Environment","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shaping landscapes to “Bee at home”","authors":"Rami Reddy P. V.","doi":"10.55278/mplw6595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55278/mplw6595","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":243834,"journal":{"name":"Insect Environment","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Male parental care in insects","authors":"Balaji B. N., Sunil Kumaraswamy","doi":"10.55278/tnef7155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55278/tnef7155","url":null,"abstract":"Parental care is traditionally defined as costly behaviour by parents that increase the fitness of offspring. It may be uniparental, biparental or alloparental. In uniparental care, paternity assurance is usually repeated for copulation just before oviposition. Biparental care is favoured when sexual selection is not intense and when the adult sex ratio of males to females is not strongly skewed. Alloparental care is a seemingly altruistic and reproductively costly behaviour observed in over 120 mammalians and 150 avian species. Male parental care evolved exclusively from no care. Supporting models like the “enhanced fecundity model” and “overlapping brood model” hypothesize that male care is favoured because females do avoid care of their offspring. Biparental care largely arose by males joining caring females and was more labile in Holometabola than in Hemimetabola. Paternal care can be maintained under sexual selection which helps caring males to attract more mates.","PeriodicalId":243834,"journal":{"name":"Insect Environment","volume":"23 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Landscapes and floral resources – an important component for insect biodiversity and biological control","authors":"Kolla Sreedevi","doi":"10.55278/tzzl1988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55278/tzzl1988","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":243834,"journal":{"name":"Insect Environment","volume":"9 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Habitat manipulation, landscape patterns in national parks & wildlife sanctuaries-A new area of insect conservation","authors":"Naveena N.L","doi":"10.55278/besd9410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55278/besd9410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":243834,"journal":{"name":"Insect Environment","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salini S, Ajaykumara K. M., Safeena Majeed A. A., D. K. J., Gracy R. G.
{"title":"Record of the ocellated shield bug, Cantao ocellatus (Thunberg) (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) from Arunachal Pradesh with a brief note on its natural history","authors":"Salini S, Ajaykumara K. M., Safeena Majeed A. A., D. K. J., Gracy R. G.","doi":"10.55278/rbhg3962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55278/rbhg3962","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":243834,"journal":{"name":"Insect Environment","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Observation of Paper Wasp Nests in Holy Ghost Church Campus, Bengaluru, Karnataka","authors":"Aaromal E, Supriya M S, Abhishek Mishra, J. M","doi":"10.55278/bazk8491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55278/bazk8491","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":243834,"journal":{"name":"Insect Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Infestation of Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) in nursery","authors":"Durai M V, Pavithra S., Raja R., Aishwaraya B.","doi":"10.55278/wizp6975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55278/wizp6975","url":null,"abstract":"Swietenia macrophylla is one of the important commercial tree species, widely being cultivated in farmlands in India due to its high market demand, attractive wood colour, and quality. The present study was conducted at Research Nursery, ICFRE-IWST, Bangalore from April 2021 to March, 2022. A hundred mahogany (1-year old) plants were heavily infested with stem borer, Xylosandrus compactus. Application of Beauveria bassiana at the concentration of 1x108 spores/ml showed promising results in the management of the stem borer and caused more than 80% adult mortality in the nurseries. Key words: mahogany, Swietenia, borer, nursery and growth","PeriodicalId":243834,"journal":{"name":"Insect Environment","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}