Biochemistry Applications eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Flavonoids in Citrus Fruits by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Coupled with Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Using Chemometrics","authors":"Xiaoting Zhen, Jun Cao","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3900947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3900947","url":null,"abstract":"A rapid, efficient and simple method using capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-ESI-Q-TOF-MS) was developed for the determination of the eight flavonoids (schaftoside, rutin, hesperidin, naringenin, naringin, violanthin, hesperitin and kaempferol) in 23 citrus samples. CE and ESI-Q-TOF conditions (e.g. nebulizer gas pressure, drying gas flow rate and temperature, sheath liquid composition, BGE composition and pH) were studied to obtain an optimal analytical identification and separation. The linear calibration was investigated ranged from 10 to 300 μg/mL for the six analytes, and had a good linearity with correlation coefficient of determination ranged from 0.9901 to 0.9995. The repeatability was tested by intra (n = 3) and the RSDs for migration time and peak area were within 0.43–2.30% and 13.02–24.60%, respectively. In addition, 23 investigated citrus samples were classified into 3 clusters according to different recognition program modes hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) based on the peak areas of 8 target components.","PeriodicalId":243624,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Applications eJournal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123494898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Carbohydrates in Agrimonia Eupatoria L. Herb","authors":"N. Huzio, A. Grytsyk, L. Slobodianiuk","doi":"10.15587/2519-4852.2020.221661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2020.221661","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, methods of treatment using medicinal plants and biologically active substances based on them have become increasingly common. Today, the search for plants with a long history of use and minor side effects is of interest to our society. The most promising for procurement and use in medical practice is a common throughout Ukraine – common agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria L.). The presence of tannins, which are represented by two groups: condensed and hydrolyzed tannins is indicated. There is insufficient information in the literature on the biologically active substances of Agrimonia eupatoria L. The common agrimony herb contains 1.2–1.6 % of flavonoids, which belong to different subgroups. Thus, from the group of flavones apigenin, luteolin, luteolin-7-glycoside have been identified. The herb of Agrimonia eupatoria L. as an insufficiently studied plant raw material is also a promising object of study, including carbohydrate composition.The aim. The aim of our study was to determine the content of carbohydrates in aerial parts of Agrimonia eupatoria L. collected from natural habitat.Materials and methods. The determination of carbohydrates of Agrimonia eupatoria L. was carried out by gas chromatograph Agilent 6890N with a mass detector 5973 inert (Agilent Technologies, USA). The amounts of water-soluble polysaccharides and pectin substances were determined by gravimetric method.Results. Three free carbohydrates were found in the studied grass of the Agrimonia eupatoria L., namely: D-glucose, D-galactose and D-fructose, the content of which was 15.02 mg/g, 0.28 mg/g and 12.90 mg/g, respectively. In the common agrimony, after acidic hydrolysis and derivatization with acetylated aldononitriles were identified 8 compounds. The predominant ones were D-glucose, D-galactose and D-xylose. The content of water-soluble polysaccharides and pectin substances in Agrimonia eupatoria L. was determined at 2.90 % and 8.54 % of total dry weight, respectively.Conclusions. In completion, the present results of GC/MS indicated the presence of certain carbohydrates both in free and bound form in Agrimonia eupatoria L., that have important medicinal activity, which answered to the knowledge about the therapeutic activity of this analyzed plant. We established that in Agrimonia eupatoria L. herb the predominant monosaccharide compound was D-glucose: 23.88 mg/g and 15.02 mg/g among monosaccharides after hydrolysis and free monosaccharides respectively. Our findings propose that carbohydrates from the studied raw material can be used for creating drugs by the pharmaceutical industry, and could be used for the development of nutraceuticals","PeriodicalId":243624,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Applications eJournal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133312108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinspired Muco-Adhesive Restores Lubrication of Degraded Cartilage","authors":"H. Wan, Ke Ren, H. Kaper, P. Sharma","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3431854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3431854","url":null,"abstract":"Adsorbed lubricious films composed of biomacromolecules, natively present at articulating interfaces, yield ultralow coefficient of friction to maintain normal physiological function. Biolubrication can be impaired due to disease, e.g. osteoarthritis is associated with alteration in synovial fluid and lamina splendens composition which leads to cartilage damage. Lamina splendens is a conditioning film of synovial fluid molecules on the cartilage surface. Patients with osteoarthritis are always given hyaluronic acid (HA) injection to alleviate pain. Pain relief remains temporary because HA is easily squeezed out of the cartilage-cartilage or cartilage-meniscus sliding interface. Here, we describe how natural lubrication on degraded cartilage surface is restored by a bioinspired muco-adhesive biopolymer chitosan catechol (Chi-C). Catechol grafted chitosan (Chi-C) shows high affinity towards lubricin, a mucin-like glycoprotein PRG4, from synovial fluid. Chi-C increased the softness of lamina splendens through PRG4 recruitment, which improved the lubrication <i>in vitro</i> at nanoscale. Next, on an <i>ex vivo</i> degraded cartilage friction system, Chi-C was able to show lubrication restoration at macroscale. This research provides a new key insight in restoration of biolubrication through the use of muco-adhesive molecules, which can increase the conditioning film softness at the articulating tissue surfaces in living system.","PeriodicalId":243624,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Applications eJournal","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134003219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molluscicidal Performance of Kae Farang (Gliciridia Sepium, JacqStrudel and Siam Weed (Chromolaena Odorata, Linn.) Leaf Extracts on Golden Snail (Pomacea Caniculata, Linn.)","authors":"T. Doctor","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3385950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3385950","url":null,"abstract":"This study dealt on the efficacy of Kae farang(Gliciridia sepium) and Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) leaves extract as organic molluscicide on the Golden snail. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of Glicridia sepium and Chromolaena odorata was done and it showed that there are alkaloids, polyphenols/ tannins, steroids , cyanidin, saponins, and deoxysugars present in the extracts. Phytochemical screening of metabolites was done using the protocols of Guevara, et al. The study used in vitro trials using one (1) liter plastic containers with three(3) replications. Water (T0) from the field where the snails were collected, the aqueous extract of Gliciridia (T1) and Chromolaena (T2)were the treatments in this study. The snails were set in 10 mL water from the source and allowed to be active for overnight to ensure that they are alive. Ten (10) mL of pure extracts were applied to each of the treatments. The snail behavior was observed and noted for every 30 minutes until three hours. After three hours, the mortality rate of the snails was noted. It showed that 100 % of the snails died in the two plant extracts. There were no dead snails in the control treatment (water from the field). In conclusion, kae farang and siam weed extracts are effective as a molluscicide in the in vitro trials. It is therefore recommended that a field study should be done to further test the efficacy of the leaf extracts of both plants on Golden snail. Furthermore, the following studies are recommended: comparison of fresh and dried leaf extracts be done, stored extracts may also be tested compared to extracts fermented for twenty-four ( 24) hours. It is further recommended that Chromolaena extracts will undergo quantitative phytochemical analysis for nitrogen content because of its potential as a fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":243624,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Applications eJournal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122715768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Polyphenolic Compound Extraction from Agroindustrial Waste","authors":"Leonardo Satriono Putra, M. Purwanto, J. Sukweenadhi, Clairine Nathania, Enrico Setiawan Wibowo, G. Buschle-Diller","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3949263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3949263","url":null,"abstract":"Polyphenolic compounds have many benefits, one of which being their efficacy as antioxidants. They can be extracted from various parts of plants and from agricultural waste. In this research, rice straw from three varieties, sugarcane pulp, and empty fruit bunches from the palm oil production were investigated as potential raw materials. This study aims to determine solvents and easy-to-perform extraction methods that show the highest effectivity in regard to total phenolic and flavonoid yield and the correlated antioxidant activity. Extraction methods comprised maceration, Soxhlet extraction, and ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE); solvents that were investigated included water, 70% methanol and 70% ethanol. The antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH (diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method and FRAP (Ferric Reduction Ability of Plasma). Based on the amount of polyphenol compounds as well as the antioxidant activity, the experiments showed that Soxhlet extraction with 70% methanol as solvent worked best for palm bunch waste and sugar cane pulp. Results for rice straw biomass were inconclusive due to differences in growing conditions, however, the antioxidant activity of the extracts seemed rather promising.","PeriodicalId":243624,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Applications eJournal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124797944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant, Preliminary Phytochemicals, and GC-MS Analysis Reveald Bioactive Potential of Mucuna Pruriens (L.) DC. Leaves and Seeds","authors":"Kamlakar Chandar More, Deepak B. Shelke, Sunil Tayade, P. Gawande, H. Sonawane","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3906053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3906053","url":null,"abstract":"The bioactive potential of Mucuna pruriens leaves and seed extracted in five different solvents was evaluated by preliminary phytochemicals, antioxidant and GCMS analysis. The maximum antioxidant activity was found to be 76.96% in seeds extracted with ethanol and 72.50% in leaves extracted with petroleum ether. The preliminary photochemical analysis revealed presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, glycosides, steroids and terpenoids in plant but this detection was solvent dependent. The GCMS profiling reported 24 and 30 bioactive compounds in various solvents leaves and seeds extracts respectively. Among these compounds 20 compounds from leaves and 16 compounds from seeds reported bioactivity. The solvent dependent variations in compounds extraction were also observed. The major relative percentage of compounds in leaves extract includes Benzamide,N-[2-[4-[5-[3,3-dimethyloxiranyl]-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-pentenyl]oxy] phenyl]ethyl (15.83%) in petroleum ether, 2-Pentanone,4-hydroxy-4-methyl (35.52%) in acetone, 2-2-Dimethyl butanedioic acid (35.52%) in ethanol and 2-Pentanone.4-methoxy-4-methyl (47.12%) in methanol. While in seed extract Oxalic acid cyclohexyl pentyl ester (13.37%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (11.28%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid[zz] (39.08%) in petroleum ether, 1-octadecyne (19.08%) in chloroform and 2-Pentanone.4-methoxy-4-methyl (47.64%) in methanol. Most of the compounds has antioxidant, antifungal, hypocholesterolemic, antimicrobial, anti-malarial, anti-diabetic and anti-cancerous properties. Therefore these bioactive compounds validate the use of the plant to cure various ailments by traditional practitioners and bioactive profiling will helpful for researchers to explore its applicability.","PeriodicalId":243624,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Applications eJournal","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115988437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}