{"title":"Nocturnal Aspects of Narcolepsy with Cataplexy","authors":"Ho-Won Lee","doi":"10.13078/JKSRS.08002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13078/JKSRS.08002","url":null,"abstract":"The four classic symptoms of narcolepsy consist of excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis and hypnagogic/ hypnopompic hallucinations. Tow of them is related directly to night sleep. And also a significant number of patients have trouble sleeping except sleep paralysis and hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations at night. The aim of this review is to increase awareness on this issue, thereby enhancing the care of narcoleptic patients by more specific approaches to their disturbed night sleep.","PeriodicalId":243131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Sleep Research Society","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129708919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Usefulness of Repeated Multiple Sleep Latency Test for the Diagnosis of Narcolepsy","authors":"S. Han, E. Joo, J. Cho, S. Hong","doi":"10.13078/JKSRS.08006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13078/JKSRS.08006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) has been used as an objective measure of daytime sleepiness and for the diagnosis of narcolepsy. However, the MSLT’s current criteria for narcolepsy may miss narcolepsy. To investigate the usefulness of repeated MSLT for increasing the sensitivity of narcolepsy diagnosis, we performed the second MSLT in patients whose clinical history includes excessive daytime sleepiness with or without cataplexy but the first MSLT result did not meet the criteria for narcolepsy. Method: MSLT was repeated in 27 patients with excessive daytime sleepiness. Each patient had an overnight polysomnography and the first MSLT in next day. The 2nd MSLT was performed 1-3 months after the first MSLT. Five nap trials were done in each MSLT. Result: In the 2nd MSLT, nine of 27 patients (33%) with an initial MSLT that did not satisfy the diagnostic criteria of narcolepsy, met the MSLT criteria for narcolepsy (Mean sleep latency < 8 min and two or more sleep-onset REM periods). The other 16 patients were diagnosed as idiopathic hypersomnia. Four patients whose history has excessive daytime sleepiness with cataplexy didn’t meet the MSLT criteria for narcolepsy in both first and second MSLTs. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that repeated MSLT is valuable for the diagnosis of narcolepsy in patients with suspected narcolepsy but insufficient result of the first MSLT for narcolepsy criteria.","PeriodicalId":243131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Sleep Research Society","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128899391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Update of Restless Legs Syndrome","authors":"Kwang Ki Kim","doi":"10.13078/JKSRS.08005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13078/JKSRS.08005","url":null,"abstract":"Recent Update of Restless Legs Syndrome Kwang Ki Kim, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Neurology, Dongguk University International Hospital Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a very frequent neurological disorder characterised by sensory and motor symptoms. The diagnosis of RLS basically relies on the presence of 4 clinical criteria defined by the International RLS Study Group. So RLS is can be composed of various pathogenetic mechanisms. This review focuses on the recent developments in pathophysiology of RLS, with particular emphasis on the background of recent developments in genetics, neuroimaging, and animal studies. Neuroanatomical, neurophysiological, neuropharmacological, and neurogenetic findings have to be merged to reveal the secrets of restless legs syndrome.","PeriodicalId":243131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Sleep Research Society","volume":"2020 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130312845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recognition and Management of Complex Sleep Disordered Breathing","authors":"Sang Ahm Lee","doi":"10.13078/JKSRS.07008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13078/JKSRS.07008","url":null,"abstract":"Complex sleep apnea is a recently proposed classification category, describing patients with obstructive sleep apnea, who develop frequent central sleep apnea or periodic breathing pattern when treated with continuous positive airway pressure therapy. The prevalence of complex sleep apnea may be as high as 15% in a general sleep center patient population. The etiology of this syndrome is unclear, but a predominant derangement of respiratory control coexisting with upper airway obstruction has been proposed. Clinical significance is that these patients do not respond well to continuous positive airway pressure, and, in particular, may not be appropriate candidates for autotitrating devices. It would be useful to clinically identify such patients so that alternate therapeutic approaches could be anticipated.","PeriodicalId":243131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Sleep Research Society","volume":"260 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116253948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laryngeal Stridor in a Patient with Multiple System Atrophy","authors":"H. Seok, Kun-Woo Park, Ki-Young Jung","doi":"10.13078/JKSRS.07011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13078/JKSRS.07011","url":null,"abstract":"Laryngeal Stridor in a Patient with Multiple System Atrophy Hung Youl Seok, Kun-Woo Park, Ki-Young Jung Department of Neurology, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine Sleep-related breathing disorders have been extensively reported as a frequent and major problem in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). Laryngeal stridor and obstructive sleep apnea are the most common sleep disordered breathing in MSA. We report laryngeal stridor in a patient with multiple system atrophy. A 56-year-old man presented with abnormal breathing sound different from snoring during sleep noticed by his bed partner. He is unaware of his nocturnal stridor. Polysomnography showed obstructive sleep apnea and laryngeal stridor. Laryngoscopy during wakefulness detects normal movement of vocal cord. CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) eliminated laryngeal stridor and obstructive sleep apnea with pressures of 9 cmH2O.","PeriodicalId":243131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Sleep Research Society","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125015127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seung Hyun Yoon, Y. C. Choi, Young Ju Shin, S. Kim
{"title":"Practice Parameters for the Treatment of Snoring and OSA with Oral Appliances: An Update for 2005","authors":"Seung Hyun Yoon, Y. C. Choi, Young Ju Shin, S. Kim","doi":"10.13078/JKSRS.07007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13078/JKSRS.07007","url":null,"abstract":"Practice Parameters for the Treatment of Snoring and OSA with Oral Appliances: An Update for 2005 Seung Hyun Yoon, D.D.S., M.S., Yeong Chan Choi, D.D.S., Young Ju Shim, D.D.S, Seong Taek Kim, D.D.S., Ph.D. TMJ & Orofacial Pain Clinic, Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea These practice parameters are an update of the previously published recommendations regarding use of oral appliances in the treatment of snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Oral appliances (OAs) are indicated for use in patients with mild to moderate OSA who prefer them to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, or who do not respond to, are not appropriate candidates for, or who fail treatment attempts with CPAP. Until there is higher quality evidence to suggest efficacy, CPAP is indicated whenever possible for patients with severe OSA before considering OAs. Oral appliances should be fitted by qualified dental personnel who are trained and experienced in the over-all care of oral health, the temporomandibular joint, dental occlusion and associated oral structures. Follow-up polysomnography or an attended cardiorespiratory (Type 3) sleep study is needed to verify efficacy, and may be needed when symptoms of OSA worsen or recur. Patients with OSA who are treated with oral appliances should return for follow-up office visits with the dental specialist at regular intervals to monitor patient adherence, evaluate device deterioration or maladjustment, and to evaluate the health of the oral structures and integrity of the occlusion. Regular follow up is also needed to assess the patient for signs and symptoms of worsening OSA. Research to define patient characteristics more clearly for OAs acceptance, success, and adherence is needed.","PeriodicalId":243131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Sleep Research Society","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116777156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Position Change During Sleep Period in Patients with Multiple System Atrophy","authors":"H. Nam, Yoon-Ho Hong, Hyung-Min Kwon, Jinwhan Cho","doi":"10.13078/JKSRS.07010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13078/JKSRS.07010","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose: We wanted to investigate whether patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) change their positions less frequently compared to the controls during sleep and during the sleep period time. Methods: Fifteen MSA patients and fifteen controls were compared. They were matched in sex, age, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and PLMI (periodic limb movements index during sleep). Technician-attended standard polysomnography was performed. Position changes were divided into 3 categories depending on the interval between the arousal and the start of the position change. Category 1 was the position changes that initiated within 3 seconds after arousal. Category 2 was the position changes that occurred between 3 and 10 seconds of arousal and category 3 was the position change after 10 seconds of arousal. Results: As a whole, position changes are less frequent in the MSA group. Category 1 position change is decreased in stages 1 and REM in MSA group compared to the control group. The frequency of category 2 position change is also dramatically lower in the MSA group as a whole and especially with prior stages 1 and 2. Category 3 position change shows marked difference between the two groups when they are compared as position change per hour of WASO. Conclusions: Our study shows less frequent position changes during sleep in MSA patients. Longer period of wakefulness during night seems to be a compensatory mechanism for the position change.","PeriodicalId":243131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Sleep Research Society","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127182884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Suppression of Motor Evoked Potential and H-reflex during Cataplexy in Narcolepsy","authors":"S. Han, E. Joo, S. H. Kim, So-Hee Jung, S. Hong","doi":"10.13078/JKSRS.07009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13078/JKSRS.07009","url":null,"abstract":"Suppression of Motor Evoked Potential and H-reflex during Cataplexy in Narcolepsy Sun Jung Han, MD, Eun Yeon Joo, MD, Sun Hwa Kim, So-Hee Jung, RN, Seung Bong Hong, MD Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Neurology, Sanbon Medical Center, College of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea Clinical Trial Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea","PeriodicalId":243131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Sleep Research Society","volume":"1635 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127446659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Usefulness of Diagnostic Polysomnography in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome","authors":"Seung Hoon Lee","doi":"10.13078/JKSRS.07004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13078/JKSRS.07004","url":null,"abstract":"소아에서의 폐쇄성 수면무호흡증후군(obstructive sleep 은 임상적으로 병력과 신체검사를 통하 apnea syndrome) 여 의심을 할 수 있고 추가적으로 다양한 형태의 부가적인 검사 즉 수면 중 음성녹음 이나 비데오녹화 (audiotaping) 수면중혈중산소농도측정 (videotaping), (pulse oxymetry), 주간 또는 환자의 집에서 시행하는 수면다원검사 등과 같 은 변형된 형태의 수면다원검사(abbreviated polysomno등을 통하여 진단할 수 있다 graphy) . 미국 소아과협회 에서는 모든 소아에게 (American Academy of Pediatrics) 정기적인 건강관리 유지의 한 부분으로서 코골이가 있는 경우에 원인에 대한 선별검사와 함께 만약 코골이가 있고 폐쇄성 수면무호흡이 의심되는 증상이 있거나 신체검사에 서 이를 시사하는 소견이 있는 경우에 부가적인 진단적 검 사를 권장하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 부가적인 검사들은 질 환의 심한 정도에 대한 평가가 힘들고 검사결과가 가음성 으로 나오는 경우가 많기 때문에 정확한 진단에는 한계가 있다. 이러한 경우에는 단순 코골이와 폐쇄성 수면무호흡 증을 감별하기 위하여 검사실에서 야간에 시행하는 수면다 원검사(Laboratory-based nocturnal polysomnography) 가 가장 유용한 검사방법이다.","PeriodicalId":243131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Sleep Research Society","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114930343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical Outcome of Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in the Treatment of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea","authors":"S. Kim, C. Rhee","doi":"10.13078/JKSRS.07001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13078/JKSRS.07001","url":null,"abstract":"Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) remains the most commonly performed surgical procedure as treatment of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Although curative for many patients, the procedure has an extremely high over-all failure rate, causing many questions on its validity. A meta-analysis revealed a success rate of UPPP as low as 40%. The reason for this low success rate might be due to the variable obstruction sites of the upper airway, causing OSAHS. Furthermore, the results of UPPP has been reported to decrease with time. Difficult localization of the upper airway obstruction sites accounts for the low success rate of UPPP. Proper selection of UPPP candidates based on Friedman Staging System, recently introduced, has reported an improved success rate as high as 80%. Furthermore, the concept of multilevel surgery for tongue base and nasal cavity in addition to UPPP enables better surgical outcomes. In conclusion, with its advantages of easy applicability and less invasiveness, better surgical outcome of UPPP might be anticipated with multilevel surgery including the tongue base and the nasal cavity in selected patients.","PeriodicalId":243131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Sleep Research Society","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124158539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}