{"title":"In situ and ex situ bioremediation of seleniferous soils and sediments","authors":"Shrutika L. Wadgaonkar, P. Lens","doi":"10.2166/9781789061055_0217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789061055_0217","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of environmental selenium (Se) research has been increasingly recognized during the last decade (Nancharaiah & Lens, 2015a; Tan et al., 2016). The concerns about Se toxicity began in the 1930s, when symptoms for alkali disease and blind staggers were observed in livestock grazing on grass grown on Se-enriched soil in South Dakota (Tinggi, 2003). On the other hand, Se deficiency was brought to the forefront in the 1960s with identification of a peculiar heart muscle disease symptom, called Keshan’s disease, in China (Chen, 2012). In animals and humans, selenium plays an important role in the redox regulation of intracellular signaling, redox homeostasis and thyroid hormone metabolism (Huawei, 2009; Papp et al., 2007). To avoid deficiency and toxicity, the United States National Academy of Sciences Panel on Dietary Oxidants and Related Compounds recommended a dietary allowance of 55 μg Se day−1 in humans and set an upper tolerable limit of 400 μg Se day−1 (World Health Organization, 2011). The United Kingdom Expert Group on Vitamins and Minerals (2003) recommended a minimum intake of 60 μg Se day−1 for women and 70 μg Se day−1 for men. The amount of selenium in the food chain, and thus in the human diet, depends on the selenium concentrations in the soil. Therefore, soil is the most important part of","PeriodicalId":242948,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128282401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Selenium biofortification for human and animal nutrition","authors":"Jun Li, G. Laing, I. Ferrer, P. Lens","doi":"10.2166/9781789061055_0265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789061055_0265","url":null,"abstract":"Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element, playing a crucial role in the functioning of enzymes in humans and animals and protecting cells from damage by free radicals (Hatfield et al., 2014). Selenoproteins, that is, proteins containing selenium, are best known as antioxidants and catalysts for the production of active thyroid hormone (Rayman, 2012). Although the essential role of Se for the growth and survival of plants has not been confirmed yet, it is a beneficial element for plants, which can enhance resistance to stress (see Chapter 8). Despite the importance of this trace element, intake of Se by animals and humans in a wide range of countries, including several countries inWestern Europe and East and Central Africa, is still low, resulting in Se deficiency and causing negative health effects, including increased risk of mortality, poor immune function, and cognitive decline (Broadley et al., 2006; Rayman, 2012; Roekens et al., 1986). An estimated one billion people around the world are affected by selenium deficiency, because of low Se intake (Poblaciones & Rengel, 2017; Rayman, 2004). The recommended daily Se intake in an adult human diet is 0.04–0.4 mg per person per day (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization [FAO/WHO], 2001). Besides, farm animals (Dermauw et al., 2013) and pets (van Zelst et al., 2016) can be affected by Se deficiencies, leading to economic losses. Therefore, the Se content in the human","PeriodicalId":242948,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114699332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Radioactive selenium: origin and environmental dispersion scenarios","authors":"T. Gil-Díaz, F. Heberling, E. Eiche","doi":"10.2166/9781789061055_0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789061055_0061","url":null,"abstract":"Radionuclides can be present in the environment from both natural and anthropogenic origins, showing characteristic biogeochemical behaviours according to the specific properties of the element. The environmental mobility and bioavailability of selenium (Se) strongly depends on the chemical species which, in turn, depends on aspects like redox state and microbiology. Among the most common oxidation states, species of Se(IV) and Se(VI) are considered relatively mobile and bioavailable. Once incorporated within an organism, Se shows a narrow band between dietary deficiency (e.g., used as a co-factor in functional proteins and RNA) and toxicity (e.g., selenosis, dependent on the concentrations and the chemical species involved; Jeffery et al., 2002). The recommended daily intake for adult humans is limited to 1 μg kg−1 of body weight, with a maximum allowable concentration in drinking water of 10 μg L−1 (WHO [World Health Organization], 2011). In addition, Se has no essential metabolism in plants but it is still readily taken up and accumulated due to its structural similarity with other oxyanion forms of bio-essential elements like sulfate and phosphate (Pilon-Smits et al., 2017).","PeriodicalId":242948,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution","volume":"518 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133227094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Cappelletti, V. Funari, G. Gasparotto, E. Dinelli, D. Zannoni
{"title":"Selenium in the environment","authors":"M. Cappelletti, V. Funari, G. Gasparotto, E. Dinelli, D. Zannoni","doi":"10.2166/9781789061055_0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789061055_0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":242948,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123409848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Selenium hyperaccumulation in plants","authors":"L. W. Lima, M. Schiavon","doi":"10.2166/9781789061055_0245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789061055_0245","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":242948,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133265346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biosynthesis of selenium nanomaterials by anaerobic bacteria for environmental technologies","authors":"P. Lens","doi":"10.2166/9781789061055_0353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789061055_0353","url":null,"abstract":"2016b), elemental tellurium 2017b) and CdTe have been synthesized. Mal showed the nanoparticles are mainly present in the loosely bound fraction of the EPS, and can thus be harvested by centrifugation of the sludge. Most reactors were operated at mesophilic (30°C) temperatures, with a few studies investigating psychrophilic (Zeng et al. , 2019) and thermophilic (Dessì et al. , 2016) conditions. BOR: biomass oxidation reaction; HER: hydrogen evolution reaction.","PeriodicalId":242948,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114615790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Se nanoparticle manufacturing for medical applications","authors":"A. Presentato, Elena Piacenza, R. Turner","doi":"10.2166/9781789061055_0289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789061055_0289","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":242948,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122717441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reactivity and selectivity of zerovalent iron toward selenium oxyanions under aerobic conditions","authors":"Jinxiang Li, Yuankui Sun, Xiaohong Guan","doi":"10.2166/9781789061055_0173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789061055_0173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":242948,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129592864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microbial ecology of selenium-respiring bacteria","authors":"J. Boltz, B. Rittmann","doi":"10.2166/9781789061055_0145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789061055_0145","url":null,"abstract":"Irrigated agriculture, steam-power generation, mining, and other human activities result in water that is co-contaminated by selenium (Se), sulfur (S), and nitrogen (N) that typically exist as selenate (SeO42−) and/or selenite (HSeO3−), sulfate (SO42−), and nitrate (NO3−), respectively. Usually, their concentrations are very different, whether in irrigated agriculture run-off or in wastewater. The S-to-Se mass ratio (S:Se) is typically in the order of 1000:1 (g S:g Se) and the N-to-Se mass ratio (N:Se) is typically in the order of 50:1 (g N:g Se). The target contaminant concentrations in treated effluent also show great disparity. For example, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, 2020) requires existing steam-power-generation facilities to discharge water having less than 3 g N/m and 0.029 g Se/m (average daily concentrations over a consecutive 30-day period); this is a N:Se ratio ∼100:1 (g N:g Se). Selenium is among the first micro-pollutants that, according to regulation (EPA, 2020), require biological wastewater treatment and have regulated surface-water discharge standards. When the contaminated water has a pH of 6 to 8 and a temperature of 15 to 30°C, bacteria can anaerobically reduce these oxyanions at a rate that makes bioreactors an economically viable treatment alternative (Boltz &","PeriodicalId":242948,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133266926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microbial reduction of selenium oxyanions: energy-yielding and detoxification reactions","authors":"S. Lampis, G. Vallini","doi":"10.2166/9781789061055_0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789061055_0101","url":null,"abstract":"Selenium (Se), a semi-metallic chemical element in the oxygen group (group 16 [VIa]) of the periodic table, can be beneficial – even essential in some instances – for microbes and animals, including humans, when present at a suitable concentration, whereas no essential Se requirement has been shown for higher plants (Lenz & Lens, 2009; Winkel et al., 2015). Se is an essential trace element required for the biosynthesis of seleno-amino acids such as selenocysteine (Se-Cys) (Bock et al., 1991; Gromer et al., 2005) and selenomethionine (Se-Met, the major dietary form) (Schrauzer, 2000). These are potent antioxidants as well as a source of Se for the synthesis of Se-dependent antioxidant and repair proteins such as glutathione peroxidases, thioredoxin reductases, and methionine sulfoxide reductases (Flohe et al., 1973; Kim & Gladyshev, 2007; Mustacich & Powis, 2000; Zoidis et al., 2018). Multiple selenoproteins have been identified in eukaryotes, ranging from yeasts (Tastet et al., 2008) to humans (Papp et al., 2018), but Se is also found in prokaryotic proteins such as formate dehydrogenase from Methanococcus jannaschii (Jones et al., 1983) formylmethanofuran dehydrogenase from Methanopyrus kandleri (Vorholt et al., 1997), and thiol/disulfide oxidoreductase from Geobacter sulfurreducens (Kryukov & Gladyshev, 2004).","PeriodicalId":242948,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technologies to Treat Selenium Pollution","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127122587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}