Clinical and Translational Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Book Review: Neurology and Religion","authors":"J. Kesselring","doi":"10.1177/2514183X20957156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183X20957156","url":null,"abstract":"This very readable and erudite book on neurology and religion, edited and co-authored by well-known and very knowledgeable experts in theology and philosophy as well as in neuroscience and medicine. They take on the difficult task to try to explain religious experience and behaviour in neuroscientific terms to study correlations of neural phenomena with subjective experiences of spirituality and hypotheses to explain such phenomena. There probably is a neurological and evolutionary basis for subjective experiences traditionally categorized as spiritual or religious.","PeriodicalId":242430,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133511826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linear oblique craniectomy: A novel method of minimally invasive subdural grid insertion","authors":"Calvin W. Howard, N. Aboelnazar, Noor Salem, N. Syed, L. Willetts","doi":"10.1177/2514183X20973085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183X20973085","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many countries rely upon subdural grid electroencephalography in the planning of epilepsy surgeries. However, craniotomy for subdural grid implantation is known to result in a variety of complications and requires diligence from the surgical team. We describe a minimally invasive method of subdural grid insertion, termed the linear oblique craniectomy, designed to mitigate complications and increase ease of subdural grid insertion. Objective: To demonstrate feasibility of minimally invasive subdural grid insertion utilizing skull anatomy. Methods: Three fresh frozen and embalmed human cadavers underwent surface landmarking and craniectomy to introduce a 4 × 5 cm2 subdural grid over the Sylvian fissure. Anteroposterior lens-shaped craniectomy measured 5 cm in length with 1 cm maximal width. The dura mater was longitudinally incised, and subdural grids were introduced over the Sylvian fissure. Results: The total area of the craniectomy created by the linear oblique approach consists of only approximately 20% of the total area removed by the traditional approach to access the Sylvian fissure for mesial temporal epilepsy monitoring/preoperative planning. The locations of the grids were evaluated by MRI and computed tomography scans postoperatively to ensure accurate alignment with the Sylvian fissure. Conclusion: In this cadaveric study, we demonstrate the linear oblique craniectomy procedure that provides an alternative approach to subdural grid implantation with significantly decreased invasiveness. This surgical approach has the potential of reducing complication rates of subdural grid insertion for surface monitoring of the brain activity and/or neuromachine interface analysis and is associated with significant reduction of surgical time.","PeriodicalId":242430,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114628038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract book Swiss Neurological Society","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/2514183X20973127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183X20973127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":242430,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131446260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In memoriam: Dr med. Hansruedi Isler","authors":"P. Sandor, C. Andrée, A. Gantenbein, E. Jagella","doi":"10.1177/2514183X20928998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183X20928998","url":null,"abstract":"Within Switzerland, Dr med. Hansruedi Isler has been known as ‘the pope of headache’, which was true for both, patients and fellow physicians. He was founder (1984) and longtime president of the Swiss Headache Society, and established ‘Headache Neurology’ as a subspecialty in Switzerland, with a significant number of neurologists following suit. Internationally, Hansruedi Isler has also been well known – for his passion for headache disorders and patient care, but also for publications in his second field of interest, the history of medicine throughout his life. His monography and thesis about Thomas Willis who introduced the terms ‘neurologia’ and ‘psychologia’ and developed a 17th-century neuropsychiatric concept was seminal. However, for Hansruedi Isler, the dichotomy of body and soul embodied in neurology on the one side and psychiatry on the other side was not a sustainable scientific concept then and now. He extensively published on the history of neurology and discussed the evolving pathophysiological concepts of migraine and other primary headache disorders as well as their therapies. As the founder of the headache clinic (‘Kopfwehsprechstunde’) at the Neurological University Hospital in Zurich 1966, he systematically developed and studied interdisciplinary patient care within and outside the tertiary care headache center. Together with Colette Andrée he founded and developed the national patient’s organization, ‘Migraine Action’, which has been well received and is active until today. Some of his concepts reaching outside headache neurology are of importance for current neurological thinking, such as his work on ‘hemicrania epileptica’ together with Heinz Gregor Wieser. Among others, he published on the emergence of iatrogenic complications of migraine treatment, including medication overuse headache (MOH), recognizing ergots as important substances in this context and laid the clinical foundations for stratified MOH inpatient programs which are state-of-the-art today for the treatment of the most severely affected patients. Of great importance for the understanding of primary headache disorders was his work on the so-called Swiss cohort study, describing the longitudinal evolution of migraine and non-migrainous headaches over a period of 30 years. The study provided deep insights into the epidemiology and comorbidities of headaches in a ‘normal’ population. Furthermore, the longitudinal evolution showed that intraindividually a number of different nosologic entities were fulfilled, partly in sequence, when studied over time, suggesting that primary headaches which are separately classified following International Headache Society criteria might indeed be pathophysiologically related. Hansruedi Isler was also an exceptional person with multiple interests outside Neurology, a true humanist – with quasi-encyclopedic knowledge, and also multilingual. Nobody really found out the true number of languages he Dr med. Hansruedi Isler (1934–2019)","PeriodicalId":242430,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127539325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended preclinical investigation of lactate for neuroprotection after ischemic stroke","authors":"L. Buscemi, C. Blochet, Melanie Price, P. Magistretti, H. Lei, L. Hirt","doi":"10.1177/2514183X20904571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183X20904571","url":null,"abstract":"Lactate has been shown to have beneficial effect both in experimental ischemia–reperfusion models and in human acute brain injury patients. To further investigate lactate’s neuroprotective action in experimental in vivo ischemic stroke models prior to its use in clinics, we tested (1) the outcome of lactate administration on permanent ischemia and (2) its compatibility with the only currently approved drug for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA), after ischemia–reperfusion. We intravenously injected mice with 1 µmol/g sodium l-lactate 1 h or 3 h after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and looked at its effect 24 h later. We show a beneficial effect of lactate when administered 1 h after ischemia onset, reducing the lesion size and improving neurological outcome. The weaker effect observed at 3 h could be due to differences in the metabolic profiles related to damage progression. Next, we administered 0.9 mg/kg of intravenous (iv) rtPA, followed by intracerebroventricular injection of 2 µL of 100 mmol/L sodium l-lactate to treat mice subjected to 35-min transient MCAO and compared the outcome (lesion size and behavior) of the combined treatment with that of single treatments. The administration of lactate after rtPA has positive influence on the functional outcome and attenuates the deleterious effects of rtPA, although not as strongly as lactate administered alone. The present work gives a lead for patient selection in future clinical studies of treatment with inexpensive and commonly available lactate in acute ischemic stroke, namely patients not treated with rtPA but mechanical thrombectomy alone or patients without recanalization therapy.","PeriodicalId":242430,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124161217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of different carotid stent designs in endovascular therapy of severe carotid artery stenosis","authors":"P. Gruber, J. Berberat, T. Kahles, J. Añon, M. Diepers, K. Nedeltchev, L. Remonda","doi":"10.1177/2514183x20932417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183x20932417","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the major periprocedural risks of carotid artery stenting is embolism caused either by plaque debris or by local thrombus forming. Double-layer micromesh stent design has shown to lower the chance of debris embolism but might have a slightly higher risk of local thrombus forming. Thus, we compared two different stent designs regarding safety and outcome profile in elective patients with high-grade carotid artery stenosis using a self-expanding, double-layer micromesh carotid stent system (DLCS) or a self-expanding hybrid carotid stent system (HCS). Methods: A single-center, open-label, retrospective cohort study of 67 consecutive, elective patients with high-grade symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid stenosis was executed at a comprehensive stroke center. Outcome measures were reocclusion rate, periprocedural symptomatic ischemic events, as well as other periprocedural complications, and recurrent stroke and mortality at 30 days’ follow-up. Results: Thirty-two patients (24% women, median age 75 years (interquartile range (IQR) 71–80) were treated with DLCS, and 35 patients (29% women, median age 71 years (IQR 63–76) years) with HCS. In both groups, pretreatment carotid stenosis degree was similar (median NASCET of 80%). Successful deployment was achieved in all cases without technical failure, and both groups did not differ in reocclusion rates, recurrent stroke, and mortality within 30 days. Conclusions: DCLS and HCS revealed to have similar safety and outcome profile in elective patients with high-grade symptomatic as well as asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis.","PeriodicalId":242430,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115237314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with abnormal cerebral blood flow in Egyptian children with sickle cell disease","authors":"F. Abd-Allah, Mona Eltagui, A. M. Aboulfotooh, N. Kishk, Mohammad A. Farrag, Sandra Ahmed Mohammed, R. Shamloul, S. El-Jaafary, Fadwa Said, A. Ibrahim, M. El-Ghamrawy","doi":"10.1177/2514183X20911351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183X20911351","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a well-established tool for cerebrovascular assessment. Estimating the flow velocity across the intracranial arteries helps to identify children with sickle cell anaemia who are at risk for stroke. Objective: Our aim is to correlate TCD findings with clinical condition in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) to determine the value of TCD assessment as a predictive tool for stroke in SCD and to identify any association of TCD findings with disease severity, transfusion therapy and treatment administered. Methods: Eighty-five paediatric SCD patients aged from 3 years to 18 years of both genders who were followed up at the Hematology Clinic of New Children’s Hospital at Cairo University were included in this cross-sectional observational study. All our participants underwent routine laboratory investigations and TCD assessments. Results: Oof the 85 patients, two patients (2.3%) died before completing the TCD study and eventually 83 patients were included in the analysis. Seventeen (20.5%) patients had abnormal TCD findings, seven (8.4%) patients showed high-risk findings and 10 (12.1%) patients had conditional flow pattern. Logistic linear regression analysis confirmed that annual frequency of blood transfusion and hydroxyurea (HU) dose were associated with a decreased risk of abnormal TCD findings. Conclusion: The current study demonstrates that our TCD data reproduce the findings of other studies and that it is very likely the results from large trials are applicable for Egyptian children. The annual frequency of blood transfusion and HU dose were associated with a decreased frequency of abnormal TCD findings.","PeriodicalId":242430,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116858500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cluster headache and anxiety: Results of the EUROLIGHT cluster headache project – An Internet-based, cross-sectional study of people with cluster headache","authors":"H. Pohl, A. Gantenbein, P. Sandor, J. Schoenen, C. Andrée","doi":"10.1177/2514183X20925956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183X20925956","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate how anxiety influences the burden of disease of cluster headache. Methods: Participants completed a modified version of the EUROLIGHT questionnaire. Anxiety was measured with the anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. An elevated level of anxiety was assumed when eight or more points were scored. Results: The data of 1089 participants were taken for analysis. The score of the anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A) correlated weakly with the number of attacks in the last 30 days (r = 0.17). A score of eight and above in the HADS-A was associated with hurting oneself during an attack (odds ratio (OR) = 2.63), worrying about future attacks (OR = 2.95) and reporting of both failed relationships (OR = 2.81) and career problems (OR = 2.65). The odds of feeling understood by family and friends as well as colleagues and employers were lower in anxious persons (OR = 0.35 and 0.40, respectively). Conclusions: Anxiety complicates dealing with cluster headache and strongly aggravates its burden. Instead of finding help in others, anxious persons feel misunderstood and withdraw; relationships fail and difficulties at work arise.","PeriodicalId":242430,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132534775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CARASIL with coronary artery disease and distinct cerebral microhemorrhage: A case report and literature review","authors":"S. Müller, Eya Khadhraoui, I. Allam, L. Argyriou, U. Hehr, J. Liman, G. Hasenfuss, M. Bähr, C. Riedel, J. Koch","doi":"10.1177/2514183X20914182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183X20914182","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral Autosomal Recessive Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL, Maeda syndrome) is an extremely rare autosomal-recessive genetic disorder with a serious arteriopathy causing subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy. In less than 20 cases, a genetic mutation was proven. Patients suffer from alopecia, disc herniations, and spondylosis. Between the age of 30 and 40, the patients typically develop severe cerebral infarcts. Clinical symptoms, genetic study, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and coronary angiography of a patient with proven CARASIL are presented. The patient showed the typical phenotype with cerebral small-vessel disease, cerebral infarcts, spondylosis, and abnormal hair loss. Additionally, distinct cerebral microhemorrhage and a severe coronary artery disease (CAD) were found, which have not been reported before for CARASIL. Mutation screening revealed the presence of a homozygous c.1022G > T substitution in the HTRA1 gene. Evidence from other publications supports a pathogenetic link between the HTRA1 mutation and CAD as a new feature of CARASIL. This is the first report about CARASIL with a concomitant severe CAD. Thus, in patients with CARASIL, other vessel diseases should also be considered.","PeriodicalId":242430,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience","volume":"279 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114611394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of noninvasive ventilation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: The complication of bulbar impairment","authors":"Junghyun Kim, J. Bireley, G. Hayat, Jafar Kafaie","doi":"10.1177/2514183X20914183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183X20914183","url":null,"abstract":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative illness that causes gradual loss of muscle function. Patients eventually develop bulbar impairment, requiring extensive respiratory support. Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has gained attention as an easily accessible method with promising benefits. We conducted this systematic review to outline the therapeutic effects of NIV, add to previous publications discussing this topic by providing updates on newly completed and ongoing studies, and identify limitations that must be addressed in future trials. A search of PubMed and Cochran for relevant primary studies yielded 26 publications. Studies indicate NIV use is associated with improvements in quality of life, regardless of the severity of bulbar impairment. However, NIV’s benefits on survival were limited to patients with less bulbar impairment. In addition, our review found several limitations that undermine the efforts to establish a definitive treatment regimen. Future studies will need to address these problems in order to provide patients with better respiratory care.","PeriodicalId":242430,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience","volume":"306 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122686652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}