发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Forms in objects 对象中的形式
Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0005
Anna Marmodoro
{"title":"Forms in objects","authors":"Anna Marmodoro","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"In Anaxagoras’s system, something is qualified as, e.g. hot when it has within its constitution parts or shares of the relevant Opposite, e.g. the Hot, in preponderance over parts of other Opposites. Thus objects overlap constitutionally with the properties that qualify them. The chapter argues that Plato inherits Anaxagoras’s model of overlap, develops it, and makes it central to his own metaphysics. But it also shows that Plato is aware of some of the model’s shortcomings, and of the formidable difficulties which emerge specifically when the model is combined with his theory of Forms. The chapter examines some of these difficulties, pertaining to parthood, structure, and complexity, focusing on arguments that are milestones in Plato’s thought, such as the Partaking Dilemma in the Parmenides and the Third Bed Argument in the Republic.","PeriodicalId":242364,"journal":{"name":"Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116869330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Parts, or no parts? 有零件还是没有零件?
Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0006
Anna Marmodoro
{"title":"Parts, or no parts?","authors":"Anna Marmodoro","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter investigates the mereological complexity of the Forms, asking, not whether Forms have parts (which was a question examined in chapter 4), but whether and how each Form is constitutionally unified. If objects participate in Forms, overlapping constitutionally with them, how do the parts of a Form make up a single entity? Plato addresses this question by breaking new ground in metaphysics. In the Theaetetus Plato pioneers an account of how a composite may be derived from parts but be partless.","PeriodicalId":242364,"journal":{"name":"Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130594836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Overlap, relations and relatives 重叠，关系和亲戚
Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0007
Anna Marmodoro
{"title":"Overlap, relations and relatives","authors":"Anna Marmodoro","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter argues that in extending Anaxagoras’s model of constitutional overlap, Plato uses it to accounts for how: (i) objects are qualified by properties, (ii) objects relate to other objects (and Forms relate to other Forms), (iii) necessity governs the qualification of objects, and (iv) objects are structured. The chapter shows that Plato develops a relationless ontology, wherein what we consider instances of symmetric, asymmetric, and even multigrade relations are all accounted for by a new type of constitutional overlap that involves plural participation. In addition, in the Sophist, Plato enriches his ontology with second-order Forms, the so-called Great Kinds, which, while helping solve some difficulties, are ultimately an unsatisfactory metaphysical experiment.","PeriodicalId":242364,"journal":{"name":"Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121233291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The paradeigma shift 范式转变
Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0008
Anna Marmodoro
{"title":"The paradeigma shift","authors":"Anna Marmodoro","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on the metaphysical innovations Plato introduces in the Timaeus to solve (some of) the difficulties he has wrestled with in the preceding dialogues. It argues that by introducing the paradeigma, Plato reifies structure into a single Form. The paradeigma is all the Forms, which are now primitively structured into one single Form, as qualitative aspects of it. This radical change in Plato’s conception of the Forms brings about an equally significant change in his account of participating in the Forms. Plato comes to endorse a new explanatory ‘mechanism’ for property qualification, that is, similarity, and moves from constitutional to qualitative overlap between Forms and objects. In the Timaeus, Plato enriches his account by introducing efficient causation in his system: the operation of a divine agent, the Demiurge, to implement imitation. Further, the chapter shows how Plato finds in the Timaeus his own solution to the Third Man regress.","PeriodicalId":242364,"journal":{"name":"Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121569438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conclusion 结论
Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0009
Anna Marmodoro
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"Anna Marmodoro","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"The conclusion brings together the interpretative results argued for in the preceding chapters, and highlights the main original claims of the book, concerning Plato’s metaphysics of objects and properties, and of causation, and its (hitherto underinvestigated) dependence on Anaxagoras’s metaphysics. It focuses on Plato’s metaphysics of participation by overlap; his conception of constitutional causation; his account of relationality as qualification, rather than as relatedness; and his account of necessity and the normativity of transcendent Forms.","PeriodicalId":242364,"journal":{"name":"Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125291926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Making things up 编造故事
Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0003
Anna Marmodoro
{"title":"Making things up","authors":"Anna Marmodoro","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"In Anaxagoras’s ontology, the Opposites are primitively numerically and qualitatively the same, and exist extremely mixed with each other, according to his ‘Everything in Everything Principle’. Their extreme mixture is facilitated by their being gunky, that is, divided into (proper) parts that have (proper parts) ad infinitum. The chapter examines how objects ‘emerge’ out of gunk, in this system, and how they are qualitatively differentiated in their extreme mixture. Anaxagoras’s ontology is built on a mathematical principle—the unlimited division of the Opposites—whereby Anaxagoras implicitly endorses what we might call the normativity of mathematics on the physical world, which we will encounter again in Plato’s theory of Forms. The chapter examines in more detail the constitution of objects as bundles of properties, which Plato will also adopt, and the reification of structure as seeds, a stance from which Plato will depart.","PeriodicalId":242364,"journal":{"name":"Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130927005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Plato’s Forms as powers 柏拉图的形式作为力量
Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0004
Anna Marmodoro
{"title":"Plato’s Forms as powers","authors":"Anna Marmodoro","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter introduces Plato’s fundamental entities, the Forms. It focuses on his view that the Forms are causal powers, and his innovative stance that the Forms are transcendent entities; it argues that Plato’s Forms are transcendent powers. This raises the (difficult) question of what kind of causal efficacy transcendent entities can have on things in the physical world. By showing that Plato’s Forms are causal powers having constitutional causal efficacy, as difference-makers, like Anaxagoras’s Opposites, the chapter begins to build the case for what I call Plato’s Anaxagoreanism. If the Forms operate like Anaxagoras’s Opposites, by constitutional causal efficacy, except that they are transcendent, how can features of objects in the physical world be constitutionally derived from features of transcendent entities, the Forms? The chapter argues that Plato thinks of the causal efficacy of the Forms on the model of the normativity of mathematics and geometry over the sensible world.","PeriodicalId":242364,"journal":{"name":"Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127983714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anaxagoras’s metaphysical foundations 阿那克萨哥拉的形而上学基础
Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0002
Anna Marmodoro
{"title":"Anaxagoras’s metaphysical foundations","authors":"Anna Marmodoro","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577158.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter introduces Anaxagoras’s metaphysics and the relations of fundamentality and composition that hold between entities in his ontology: the Opposites (properties), stuffs, objects, the so-called seeds (i.e., reified structures), and nous with its vortex. The chapter argues that the crux of Anaxagoras’s metaphysics, which will also influence Plato the most, is the stance that parts of properties are parts of objects. Objects are qualified by properties by having parts of properties (in preponderance) within their constitution. Thus, constitutional overlap is the ‘mechanism’ by which Anaxagoras accounts for the qualification of objects. The chapter provides an account of Anaxagoras’s Opposites as causal powers and explains the type of causal efficacy the Opposites have in the world: constitutional causal efficacy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":242364,"journal":{"name":"Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133912822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：604180095
Book学术官方微信