{"title":"Phenomenology of AI-Generated \"Entity Encounter\" Narratives","authors":"J. Houran, Brian Laythe","doi":"10.31156/jaex.25124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31156/jaex.25124","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We used the ChatGPT-3.5 artificial intelligence (AI)-based language program to compare twelve types of mystical, supernatural, or otherwise anomalous entity encounter narratives constructed from material in the publicly available corpus of information, and compared their details to the phenomenology of spontaneous accounts via the Survey of Strange Events (SSE) and the grounded theory of Haunted People Syndrome (HP-S). Methods: Structured content analysis by two independent and masked raters explored whether the composite AI-narratives would: (a) cover each encounter type, (b) map to the SSE’s Rasch hierarchy of anomalous perceptions, (c) show an average SSE score, and (d) reference the five recognition patterns of HP-S. Results: We found moderate evidence of a core encounter phenomenon underlying the AI-narratives. Every encounter type was represented by an AI-generated description that readily mapped to the SSE, albeit their contents showed only fair believability and low but generally positive correlations with each other. The narratives also corresponded to below-average SSE scores and referenced at least one HP-S recognition pattern. Conclusions: Prototypical depictions of entity encounter experiences based on popular source material certainly approximate, yet not fully match, the phenomenology of their real-life counterparts. We discuss the implications of these outcomes for future studies.","PeriodicalId":242256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128111245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Charles Tart’s Contributions to Parapsychology","authors":"D. Radin","doi":"10.31156/jaex.25229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31156/jaex.25229","url":null,"abstract":"In this Festschrift in honor of Charles Tart, I originally intended to focus on how Charley – as his friends call him – influenced the discipline of parapsychology from his entry into the field in the 1960s to the present day. That turned out to be an overly ambitious goal because Charley has made so many influential contributions, and in so many facets of parapsychology, that it is not possible to cover them all without writing a lengthy monograph. So instead, I offer a few words about how Charley influenced my own involvement in the field, then I mention four topics that continue to shape the way I think about and approach the study of psi phenomena, and I finish my tribute with an edited transcript of a delightful chat I had with him in preparation for writing this article.","PeriodicalId":242256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115459003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Publications of Note 3(2)","authors":"E. Cardeña","doi":"10.31156/jaex.25347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31156/jaex.25347","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>N/A</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":242256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115245144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Body Movements During Maladaptive Daydreaming","authors":"E. Somer","doi":"10.31156/jaex.25004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31156/jaex.25004","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to shed light on the lived experience of stereotypical body movement and gesturing during maladaptive daydreaming (MD). Method: Forty-one individuals with probable MD participated in asynchronous in-depth email interviews. Results: Four themes describing the movement experience in MD emerged: Need, Variety, Awareness and Agency, and Functions. The analysis revealed two main findings about the bi-directional effect of movement on MD. First, kinesthesia might enhance the daydreamers’ experience by deepening their fantasy immersion through improved focus featuring self-hypnotic characteristics. In addition, respondents reported that their body movements enhanced the daydreaming experience by embodying the protagonists' actions. MD-related motions were associated with occasional loss of agency, suggesting unintentional neuromuscular activation. ","PeriodicalId":242256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition","volume":"66 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126030274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring Cognitive Processes Used by Mediums During Alleged Communication with the Deceased","authors":"Christopher D. Connelly, D. Vernon, J. Cane","doi":"10.31156/jaex.24279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31156/jaex.24279","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to gain some understanding regarding the type of self-reported cognitive strategies involved in the mediumistic process. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 Spiritualist medium tutors and the content was analyzed using a reflexive Thematic Analysis (TA) approach. Results: This analysis identified three main themes: focused attention and inhibition of distractions, multitasking behaviors, and memory-related phenomena, which could be associated with components of executive functions. Conclusion: These themes suggest that mediums may use specific cognitive processes to initiate and maintain alleged communication with discarnate personalities. The implications of such findings are discussed. ","PeriodicalId":242256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123160060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sam Knight Details How Not to Build a Premonitions Bureau","authors":"Julia Mossbridge","doi":"10.31156/jaex.25150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31156/jaex.25150","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>N/A</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":242256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134286773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Festschrift for a Consciousness Hummingbird: Charles T. Tart","authors":"E. Cardeña","doi":"10.31156/jaex.25346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31156/jaex.25346","url":null,"abstract":"Charles Tart was arguably the most important theoretician and researcher of altered states of consciousness (ASC) during the second half of the 20th century. His vast output included books and articles extending the frontiers of study of states of consciousness in general, and of the hypnagogic state, dreaming, meditation, hypnosis, and minor and major psychedelic drugs, among others. Rather than a specialized scientist, he was a fast and agile hummingbird who did not visit only a flower or two but extracted noetic nectar from many more and proceeded to pollinate a wide field of study that had mostly lain barren since the early contributions by William James and a few others. In this editorial I provide a general introduction to his work and its influence on mine.","PeriodicalId":242256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128621635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Transpersonal Festschrift to Honor Charles Tart on his 85th Birthday","authors":"P. Cunningham","doi":"10.31156/jaex.24308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31156/jaex.24308","url":null,"abstract":"This summary honors Charles Tart on his 85th birthday by reviewing his contributions and the influence of his work in the subdiscipline of Transpersonal Psychology. Six contributions are reviewed, namely his vision of Transpersonal Psychology as: (a) a science of Mind and Spirit, (b) a critical psychology, (c) an empirical, non-churchly approach to religion as spiritual psychology, (d) a state-specific science of exceptional human experience, (e) an evidence-enriched science of spirituality grounded in the scientific foundations of experimental parapsychology, and (f) a psychology of human possibilities to help individuals overcome obstacles to growth.","PeriodicalId":242256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130862885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Definitive Account of Early Mediumship","authors":"E. Cardeña","doi":"10.31156/jaex.24984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31156/jaex.24984","url":null,"abstract":"Following his acclaimed earlier study on mediumship and survival, Alan Gauld provides a more complete account of about 50 years of early studies on mediumship with a select group of mediums (e.g., Mrs. Piper, Mrs. Leonard, Mrs. Dowden). He describes in detail why many if not most of the criticisms against extraordinarily accurate accounts by these mediums do not hold water when analyzed in detail. Gauld does not provide easy answers, but in his masterwork does something much more important by offering a justification to those who may want to base their belief of potential survival on empirically defensible grounds.","PeriodicalId":242256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123069176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rating the Persuasiveness of Empirical Evidence for the Survival of Consciousness After Bodily Death","authors":"H. Wahbeh, A. Delorme, D. Radin","doi":"10.31156/jaex.24125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31156/jaex.24125","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Throughout history and across all cultures, many people have believed in some form of afterlife. Recent surveys show that most people worldwide believe they will survive after bodily death. Those who do not believe would require substantial empirical evidence to influence their skepticism. This study’s objective was to evaluate what types of evidence might persuade academic professionals that some aspect of consciousness survives after bodily death. Method. We surveyed academic professionals and collected demographic and professional background data, personal confidence in survival, and paranormal belief ratings. Respondents also rated the persuasiveness of 10 relevant experiments and the likelihood of their success. These data were analyzed over all participants and partitioned by confidence in survival. Results. Professional academics (N = 442) completed the survey. Gender was a significant predictor of confidence in survival, paranormal belief, and many persuasiveness ratings, with females having higher scores than males. Older age was a positive predictor for persuasiveness ratings of a proposed experiment involving after-death communication. Confidence in survival and paranormal beliefs were highly correlated. The highest persuasiveness ratings were for a controlled, prospective experiment that resulted in veridical out-of-body perceptions during a near-death experience, a mediumship experiment, and a reincarnation experiment. The least persuasive proposed experiment was survival in the form of computer-based artificial intelligence. Conclusion. Academics hold a wide range of beliefs and confidence in survival. Successful experiments designed to test for survival may influence skeptics’ prior beliefs. ","PeriodicalId":242256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115836651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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