The lancet. Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Let's get physical.","authors":"The Lancet Psychiatry","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00276-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00276-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240194,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"689"},"PeriodicalIF":64.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40612378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More phenomenology in psychiatry? Applied ontology as a method towards integration.","authors":"Rasmus R Larsen,&nbsp;Luca F Maschião,&nbsp;Valter L Piedade,&nbsp;Guilherme Messas,&nbsp;Janna Hastings","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00156-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00156-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There have been renewed calls to use phenomenology in psychiatry to improve knowledge about causation, diagnostics, and treatment of mental health conditions. A phenomenological approach aims to elucidate the subjective experiences of mental health, which its advocates claim have been largely neglected by current diagnostic frameworks in psychiatry (eg, DSM-5). The consequence of neglecting rich phenomenological information is a comparatively more constrained approach to theory development, empirical research, and care programmes. Although calls for more phenomenology in psychiatry have been met with enthusiasm, there is still relatively little information on how to practically facilitate this integration. In this Personal View, we argue that phenomenological approaches need a shared semantic framework to drive their innovative potential, thus enabling consistent data capture, exchange, and interoperability with current mental health data and informatics approaches (eg, the Research Domain Criteria project). We show how an applied ontology of phenomenological psychopathology offers a suitable method to address these challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":240194,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"751-758"},"PeriodicalIF":64.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40493158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Psychiatry 2022; 9: e32.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00244-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00244-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240194,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"e39"},"PeriodicalIF":64.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40487446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What psychiatry can do to end LGBT conversion therapy.","authors":"Stewart Adelson,&nbsp;Alice M Miller,&nbsp;Kelly Johnson,&nbsp;Graeme Reid","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00235-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00235-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240194,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"e40"},"PeriodicalIF":64.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40612292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Event-related psychological distress in young Filipinos after the 2022 Philippine presidential elections.","authors":"Allan B I Bernardo,&nbsp;Peejay D Bengwasan","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00231-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00231-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240194,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"e42-e43"},"PeriodicalIF":64.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40612294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged grief disorder - Authors' reply.","authors":"Joanne Cacciatore,&nbsp;Allen Frances","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00262-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00262-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240194,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"697"},"PeriodicalIF":64.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40612383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconsidering the definition of trauma.","authors":"Jaimie L Gradus,&nbsp;Sandro Galea","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00196-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00196-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240194,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"608-609"},"PeriodicalIF":64.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40511094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial and ethnic differences in alcohol, cannabis, and illicit substance use treatment: a systematic review and narrative synthesis of studies done in the USA.","authors":"Ayana Jordan,&nbsp;Stephanie Quainoo,&nbsp;Charla Nich,&nbsp;Theresa A Babuscio,&nbsp;Melissa C Funaro,&nbsp;Kathleen M Carroll","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00160-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00160-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reports from uncontrolled trials and surveys suggest that there are disparities in substance-use outcomes for minoritised racial and ethnic populations, yet few of these disparities have emerged from randomised clinical trials (RCTs). We conducted a systematic review of RCTs published in English of Black or Latinx adults with any non-nicotine substance use disorder that reported rates of treatment initiation, engagement, or substance-use outcome by race or ethnicity. Study quality was assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tool and a Yale internally validated quality assessment. Of the 5204 studies, 50 RCTs met the inclusion criteria, all done in the USA, 24 compared treatment initiation, engagement, or outcome across races or ethnicities and 26 compared these same factors within a race. Few RCTs have reported outcomes specifically for Black or Latinx populations, with nine reporting significant differences by race or ethnicity. Significant differences were found in all studies that evaluated the baseline differences in social determinants. This Review explains the need for optimisation of RCTs to inform the design, delivery, and dissemination of treatment to historically excluded communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":240194,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"660-675"},"PeriodicalIF":64.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40398705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuing the conversation around opioid use disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder comorbidity.","authors":"Jaymin Upadhyay,&nbsp;Christopher D Verrico,&nbsp;Mariesa Cay,&nbsp;Sanda Kodele,&nbsp;Luba Yammine,&nbsp;George F Koob,&nbsp;Rudy Schreiber","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00234-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00234-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240194,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"e37-e38"},"PeriodicalIF":64.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40511099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuing, reducing, switching, or stopping antipsychotics in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders who are clinically stable: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Giovanni Ostuzzi,&nbsp;Giovanni Vita,&nbsp;Federico Bertolini,&nbsp;Federico Tedeschi,&nbsp;Beatrice De Luca,&nbsp;Chiara Gastaldon,&nbsp;Michela Nosé,&nbsp;Davide Papola,&nbsp;Marianna Purgato,&nbsp;Cinzia Del Giovane,&nbsp;Christoph U Correll,&nbsp;Corrado Barbui","doi":"10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00158-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00158-4","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Although antipsychotic maintenance treatment is widely recommended to prevent relapse in chronic psychoses, evidence-based guidelines do not provide clear indications on different maintenance treatment strategies, including continuing the antipsychotic at standard doses, reducing the dose, switching to another antipsychotic, or even stopping the antipsychotic. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of these maintenance treatment strategies, hypothesising the superiority of all strategies over stopping, and of continuing at standard doses over both switching and reducing the dose.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We did a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated antipsychotics for relapse prevention in adults with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders who were clinically stable, and which compared four treatment strategies: continuing the current antipsychotic at standard doses recommended for acute treatment; reducing the current antipsychotic dose; switching to a different antipsychotic; and stopping the antipsychotic and replacing it with placebo. We excluded RCTs with fewer than 25 individuals, a prerandomisation washout period greater than 4 weeks, a follow-up shorter than 6 weeks, and those recruiting treatment-resistant individuals. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and online trial registers for published and unpublished RCTs from inception to Sept 1, 2021, combining terms describing all available antipsychotics, and terms describing continuation, maintenance, or long-term treatment for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Relative risks (RRs) and standardised mean differences were pooled using random-effects pairwise and network meta-analyses. We assessed risk of bias of each RCT with the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2 tool, and confidence of pooled estimates with CINeMA. The primary outcome was relapse prevention. The study protocol was registered in advance in the Open Science Forum registry.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Of 3936 records identified, 119 records, reporting on 101 RCTs, were eligible, 98 of which (including 13 988 individuals) provided data that could be meta-analysed for at least one outcome. The mean proportion of female participants per study was 38% (range 0-100; median 39%, IQR 29-50), whereas for male participants it was 62% (range 0-100; median 61%, IQR 50-71), and the overall mean age was 38·8 years (range 23·2-63·9; median 39·3, IQR 35·0-43·9). Of the 98 RCTs meta-analysed, 89·8% were done in high-income and upper-middle-income countries. The ethnic group White or so-called Caucasian was the most represented (mean 56% participants per study), although this information was relatively scarce. All continuation strategies were significantly more effective in preventing relapse than stopping antipsychotic treatment, with a large risk reduction for continuing at standard doses (RR 0·37, 95% CI 0·32-0·43; number-needed-to","PeriodicalId":240194,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"614-624"},"PeriodicalIF":64.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40399438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}