Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii最新文献

[TOXICOMETABOLOMICS: DETERMINATION OF MARKERS OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO LOW DOSES OF ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS]. [毒物代谢组学:慢性暴露于低剂量脂肪烃的标志物的测定]。

Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii Pub Date : 2017-01-01

A I Ukolov, E D Kessenikh, A S Radilov, N V Goncharov

{"title":"[TOXICOMETABOLOMICS: DETERMINATION OF MARKERS OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO LOW DOSES OF ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS].","authors":"A I Ukolov, E D Kessenikh, A S Radilov, N V Goncharov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The metabolic profile of plasma of white non-linear rats was investigated under normal conditions and after chronic inhalational exposure to low doses of aliphatic hydrocarbons with the number of carbon atoms from 6 to 10. Metabolic profile was determined with combination of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high performance, high resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with subsequent use of chemometrical methods for data treatment and presentation. It was shown that continuous 90-day exposure to a mixture of C₆-C₁₀ saturated hydrocarbons at concentration of 160 ± 20.5 mg/m³ results in various impairments of metabolic processes in liver and kidneys. Exposure to hydrocarbons at doses of 31.4 ± 5.6 mg/m³ and 5.2 ± 1.8 mg/m³ evoked significantly smaller changes. Novel metabolic markers of the toxic effect of low concentrations of C₆-C₁₀ aliphatic hydrocarbons were revealed. The ratio of concentrations of pyrophosphoric and oxalic acids in rat blood plasma was found to be the most sensitive marker called <<pyrophosphate index>>. A hypothesis is put forward about the redox balance violation as the leading pathogenetic mechanism of neuropathies and concomitant pathologies associated with hydrocarbon chronic intoxication.","PeriodicalId":24017,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii","volume":"53 1","pages":"23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36897865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[THE ROLE OF TAURINE THE PROCESS OF ADAPTATION OF VISCERAL SYSTEMS UNDER PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STRESS IN RAT]. [牛磺酸在大鼠心理情绪应激下内脏系统适应过程中的作用]。

Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii Pub Date : 2017-01-01

E A Avetisyan, A A Petrosyan, M S Khachiyan, N A Saakyan, L Yu Simonyan, S A Shogheryan

{"title":"[THE ROLE OF TAURINE THE PROCESS OF ADAPTATION OF VISCERAL SYSTEMS UNDER PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STRESS IN RAT].","authors":"E A Avetisyan, A A Petrosyan, M S Khachiyan, N A Saakyan, L Yu Simonyan, S A Shogheryan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years the identification of regulatory mechanisms of the general adaptation syndrome, manifesting itself as the response of an organism to drastic changes in the environment and leading to emotional stress, acquires a special significance. The control over visceral functions plays a particular role in stress reactions because of emerging threat of violation of neurodynamic balance of sympathetic-para- sympathetic relationships with their most sensitive element - the heart. Quick adaptation to stress helps to restore not only the sympathetic-parasympathetic homeostasis but also the energy metabolism. One of the essential components, activating metabolic processes, is taurine. This paper considers the descending influence of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) on neuronal reactions of the solitary tract nucleus (NTS), the first linking pathways of visceral sensitivity, the mechanisms of central control over visceral reactions by mathematical model analysis of heart rate variability (MMA HRV) as well as morpho-histochemical changes in brain structures integrating and regulating the visceral sphere (PVN of the hypothalamus and the amygdala) under psycho-emotional stress without and with intraperitoneal injection of taurine (50 mg/kg). Acute and semichronic experiments were conducted on white nonlinear rats under 5-hour- long immobilization psycho-emotional stress. A highly defined centralization of vegetative HRV parame- ters (HR, IVR, INRS) was revealed, these parameters being normalized on days 7 and 14 at the background of taurine injections. The interaction and interdependence of the central regulatory mechanisms of cardiovascular reactions are shown as well as a considerable protective effect of taurine on promoting early restoration of adaptive properties of the central and peripheral segments of visceral sensitivity under development of long-term psycho-emotional stress.","PeriodicalId":24017,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii","volume":"53 1","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36897866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[RECOVERY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY IMPAIRED BY PRENATAL STRESS IN RATS AFTER CASPASE-3-INHIBITOR INJECTION DURING THE EARLY ONTOGENESIS]. [胚胎发育早期注射caspase-3-inhibitor对产前应激大鼠学习记忆损伤的恢复作用]。

Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii Pub Date : 2017-01-01

N M Dubrovskaya, D L Tikhonravov, O S Alekseeva, L A Zhuravin

引用次数: 0

[THE EFFECT OF MOTION SICKNESS ON THE SLEEP-WAKE CYCLE IN RATS EXPOSED TO PRENATAL HYPOXIA]. [运动病对暴露于产前缺氧的大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响]。

Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii Pub Date : 2017-01-01

D V Lychakov, E A Aristakesyan, G A Oganesyan

{"title":"[THE EFFECT OF MOTION SICKNESS ON THE SLEEP-WAKE CYCLE IN RATS EXPOSED TO PRENATAL HYPOXIA].","authors":"D V Lychakov, E A Aristakesyan, G A Oganesyan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This study is a continuation of our research of phenomenology and mechanisms of motion sickness (MS) and the relation of this phenomenon to features of sleep-wake cycle (SWC) changes. It presents data about the effect of MS on SWC in 30-day-old intact rats and rats exposed previously to prenatal hypoxia on days 13 and 19 of gestation. In all groups of animals MS was shown to reduce significantly the waking time and to increase the time of paradoxical sleep (PS). For the first time it became possible to reveal a connection between hypothalamic mechanisms controlling MS and SWC and to suggest the role of this connection in mechanisms of development of the sopite syndrome which may be the only manifestation of MS in some animals and man. The results obtained demonstrate that hypoxia on day 19 of gestation has a greater damaging effect on the thalamocortical sleep-regulating structures than hypoxia on day 13 when only hypothalamic-hippocampal systems controlling slow-wave sleep were found disturbed. Against this background MS substantially suppresses the activity of the brain excitatory systems which provide wake- fulness maintenance (it appears to be the ascending reticular activating system) and enhances the work of those activating systems that control PS. It is in rats exposed to preliminary hypoxia on day 19 of gesta- tion, where it was possible to show the role of the evolutionary young thalamocortical system in the control of PS.","PeriodicalId":24017,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii","volume":"53 1","pages":"41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36897867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[NEUROENDOCRINE HYPOTNALAMUS AS A HOMEOSTAT OF ENDOGENOUS TIME]. [神经内分泌下丘脑作为内源性时间的内稳态器]。

Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii Pub Date : 2017-01-01

M P Chernysheva, A D Nozdrachev

引用次数: 0

[SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN THE BELUGA DELPHINAPTERUS LEUCAS DURING EXPOSURE TO ACOUSTIC NOISE]. [接触噪音时白鲸心率变异性的光谱分析]。

Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii Pub Date : 2017-01-01

A V Bakhchina, L M Mukhametov, V V Rozhnov, O I Lyamin

引用次数: 0

[LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO PERINATAL HYPOXIA ON MICROVASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM OF NEOCORTEX IN RATS]. [围产期缺氧对大鼠新皮层微血管内皮的长期影响]。

Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii Pub Date : 2017-01-01

V A Otellin, L I Khozhai, T T Sishko, I N Tyurenkov

{"title":"[LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO PERINATAL HYPOXIA ON MICROVASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM OF NEOCORTEX IN RATS].","authors":"V A Otellin, L I Khozhai, T T Sishko, I N Tyurenkov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Morphological characteristics of the elements of vessel walls in the microvasculature of rat neocortex were studied after perinatal hypoxia and subsequent introduction of salifen, a derivative of GABA, at long-term postnatal periods. It is shown that salifen at a therapeutic dose has a protective effect on the endothelium of blood vessels in the microvasculature of neocortex. It is found that after exposure to hypoxia followed by application of salifen no endothelial hypertrophy, appearance of numerous processes of endotheliocytes in the vascular lumen, and narrowing of the capillary lumen occur. The formation of la- mina densa is almost identical to that in the control. Swelling of perivascular astrocytes and reactive chan- ges of pericytes are also absent. In all layers of the neocortex the density of vessel distribution in the mic- rovasculature as well as their cross-sectional area in adult animals of the control group and after exposure to hypoxia and salifen application were approximately identical. It is shown that changes and restructu- ring of the capillary bed after exposure to hypoxia and application of salifen take place at earlier terms of development whereas by the maturity period stabilization of the structural parameters of the microvas- culature occurs. The protective effect of salifen on the elements of capillary walls determines the clinical effectiveness of its use and serves as a basis for further research in this direction.","PeriodicalId":24017,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii","volume":"53 1","pages":"49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36897868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[PHOSPHOLIPIDS, FATTY ACIDS AND HEMOGLOBIN OF ERYTHROCYTES IN RAT BLOOD UNDER STRESS CONDITIONS (SWIMMING AT A LOW TEMPERATURE)]. [应激条件下(低温游泳)大鼠血液中红细胞的磷脂、脂肪酸和血红蛋白]。

Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii Pub Date : 2017-01-01

S A Zabelinskii, M A Chebotareva, E P Shukolyukova, A I Krivchenko

{"title":"[PHOSPHOLIPIDS, FATTY ACIDS AND HEMOGLOBIN OF ERYTHROCYTES IN RAT BLOOD UNDER STRESS CONDITIONS (SWIMMING AT A LOW TEMPERATURE)].","authors":"S A Zabelinskii, M A Chebotareva, E P Shukolyukova, A I Krivchenko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The phospholipid and fatty acid content of erythrocytes in rat blood was studied after exposure to stress - swimming up to drowning. This stress was found to increase the content of phospholipids cha- racteristic for the membrane outer layer (phosphatidilcholine by 13 % and sphingomyelin by 23 %). At the same time a decrease in the content of acid phospholipids belonging to membrane inner layer was ob- served (phosphatidylethanolamine by 16 %, phosphatidyl serine by 14 % and monophosphoinositide by 23 %). The data obtained indicate that erythrocyte membrane under stress conditions undergoes certain structural changes which seem to have an effect on its functional properties. At the same time it was fo- und that the content of saturated, unsaturated and ounsaturation index? of fatty acids does not undergo es- sential changes under stress exposure studied thereby, possibly, compensating maintenance of functional properties of the erythrocyte membrane under conditions of the impaired phospholipid structure. On the basis of examining absorption spectra of lipid extracts it was found that stress evokes a two-fold spectrum growth in the range of 390-410 nm appropriate to the hem. The fact of appearance of the hem in the ext- ract indicates to saponification of hemoglobin evoked by changed pH of the erythrocyte internal environ- ment. Actually, in the process of lipid extraction the hemoglobim passes into a disordered state due to the effects of not only temperature and environmental pH but also due to those of organic solvents possessing lower, than water, ability to form hydrogen bonds. Probably, transesterification of a minor portion of phospholipids occurs during their extraction from erythrocytes with the chloroform-methanol mixture.","PeriodicalId":24017,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii","volume":"53 1","pages":"16-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36897864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[THE ROLE OF ECTO-ATPASES OF PLASMATIC MEMBRANES OF ERYTHROCYTES IN HEMODYNAMICS OF FISHES]. [鱼类红细胞质膜外atp酶在血液动力学中的作用]。

Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Yu A Silkin, E N Silkina

{"title":"[THE ROLE OF ECTO-ATPASES OF PLASMATIC MEMBRANES OF ERYTHROCYTES IN HEMODYNAMICS OF FISHES].","authors":"Yu A Silkin, E N Silkina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews various aspects of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms directed to create special rheological conditions for blood flow called <<non-Newtonian>> blood properties. The struc- tural features of the phospholipid composition of plasmatic membranes and cytoskeleton, the state of the intra- and extracellular ATP pool, ATPase ecto-enzymatic activity of nucleated and non-nucleated red blood cells of vertebrates are compared and thermal effects in nucleated erythrocytes investigated. A hypothesis based on literature and own data is suggested according to which the phenomenon of <<non-Newtonian>> blood properties relies on a decrease in the relative viscosity of blood due to the thermal hydrolysis of extracellular ATP excreted by erythrocytes on their surface particularly strong during deformation stress in capillaries. We belive that in fish an important role in this process may belong to ecto-ATPases of erythrocyte plasmatic membranes. Due to generation of heat by the hydrolysis of extra- cellular ATP, the wall layer of the plasma appears to warm up. This could change the structure of the membrane bilayer and deform the cytoskeleton, thus providing the special rheological conditions for blood flow. Among the proofs of possible existence of this mechanism is heat production ability of nucleated red cells in fish revealed in our stymies.","PeriodicalId":24017,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii","volume":"53 1","pages":"62-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36897871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF THE NEOCORTEX IN ADULT RATS AFTER PRENATAL HYPOXIA AND IN EPILEPSY MODEL]. [产前缺氧和癫痫模型大鼠脑皮层电活动]。

Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii Pub Date : 2016-09-01

D S Kalinina, A B Volnova, O S Aleksseva, I A Zhuravin

引用次数: 0