World's Poultry Science Journal最新文献

{"title":"Sponsorship","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/00439339.2023.2204644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2023.2204644","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77056664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood Parameters, Kidney Histology and Growth Performances in Gallus gallus Domesticus (Brahma) Hens Fed a Diet Supplemented with Dacryodes edulis (Safou) Powder Leaves","authors":"Herve Tchoffo, Nathalie Ngwemetah, Donatien Albert Atsamo, C. Momo, Christelle Yolande Djoukouo Signe, Blandine Kambou, Arius Baulland Nguedia Dongmo, Nadege Djuissi Motchewo, F. Ngoula","doi":"10.3390/poultry2020016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020016","url":null,"abstract":"The leaf extracts of Dacryodes edulis possess high concentrations of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins with various biological activities, including antimicrobial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities. These activities can be used in animal production to avoid the energy lost in favor of growth and reproduction. A total of 48 Brahma hens (45 days old), weighing on average 400 ± 12 g, were randomly distributed into four dietary treatment groups (12 birds each) with four replicates per group. The control group (T0) received 0% D. edulis, while the three test groups (T0.25, T0.50, and T0.75) were given feed with D. edulis powder leaves at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75%, respectively, for a period of 60 days. Water and feed were supplied ad libitum. At the end of the study period (60 days), eight birds per treatment (two per replicate) were fasted, weighed, and slaughtered. Blood samples and organs were collected for analysis of growth characteristics, oxidative stress, and toxicity indices. This study revealed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in feed intake and live body weight with 0.75% D. edilus powder leaves. Abdominal fat was found to be significantly (p < 0.05) lower with 0.75% D. edilus powder leaves compared to the control group. Serum Aspartate aminotransferase activity was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in birds exposed to 0.75% D. edulis leaf powder compared to the control group. The use of D. edulis leaf powder as feed additive in feed could reduce oxidative stress and improve growth performance in Brahma. More research can be conducted on D. edilus, and it can be used in broiler feed at 0.75% concentration, which has shown a significant increase and decrease, respectively, in live body weight and serum aspartate aminotransferase activity.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81300190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the In ovo Administration of L-Ascorbic Acid on Tissue L-Ascorbic Acid Concentrations, Systemic Inflammation, and Tracheal Histomorphology of Ross 708 Broilers Subjected to Elevated Levels of Atmospheric Ammonia","authors":"A. Mousstaaid, S. Fatemi, A. W. Levy, J. Purswell, H. Olanrewaju, B. Baughman, Kaylin McNulty, P. Gerard, E. Peebles","doi":"10.3390/poultry2020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020014","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of in ovo injection of L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) on tissue L-AA concentrations, systemic inflammation, plasma mineral concentrations, and tracheal histomorphology of Ross 708 broilers subjected to elevated atmospheric ammonia (NH3) levels after hatch were investigated. The four in ovo treatments included non-injected (control), saline-injected (control), or saline containing 12 or 25 mg of L-AA. The in ovo treatments were applied at 17 days of incubation by injecting a 100 μL volume of each pre-specified treatment into the amnion. At hatch, 12 male chicks were randomly allocated to each of the 12 replicate battery cages belonging to each treatment group. The cages were arranged in a randomized complete block design within a common room. All birds were exposed to 50 ppm of NH3 at 35 days of posthatch age (doa), and the concentration of NH3 in the room was recorded every 20 s. At 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 doa, one bird from each cage was arbitrarily selected and euthanized for determinations of liver and eye L-AA concentrations at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 doa; plasma nitric oxide concentrations at 0, 14, 21, and 28 doa; and plasma calcium and trace mineral concentrations at 0 and 21 doa. Tracheal histomorphology evaluations were performed at 0, 21, and 28 doa. There were no significant treatment differences for plasma nitric oxide and mineral concentrations, and for liver and eye L-AA concentrations at each sampling timepoint. In ovo injection of either 12 or 25 mg of L-AA decreased tracheal attenuation incidence at 0 doa compared to the non-injected or saline-injected control groups. Furthermore, the percentage of mild tracheal inflammation scores was lower at 28 doa in response to the in ovo injection of 12 mg of L-AA compared to the non-injected or saline-injected control groups. These results indicate that in ovo injection of 12 mg of L-AA reduces tracheal inflammation in broilers subjected to elevated atmospheric NH3.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89475068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Genotypic Characterization of New Emerging Avian Reovirus Genetic Variants in Egypt","authors":"A. Zanaty, Zienab Mosaad, Wael K. Elfeil, Mona Badr, V. Palya, M. Shahein, M. Rady, M. Hess","doi":"10.3390/poultry2020015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020015","url":null,"abstract":"Avian reovirus (ARV) strains cause a variety of symptoms in chickens, including viral arthritis/tenosynovitis, a disease that has emerged as a significant cause of economic losses in commercial chicken flocks in recent years in various countries, including Egypt. Furthermore, ARV strains are frequently isolated from birds suffering from malabsorption. In the actual study, seventy-five samples were collected in 2021 and 2022 from broiler and vaccinated broiler breeder flocks at different farms in Giza Province, Egypt, with reovirus-like symptoms such as significant weight fluctuation and arthritis/malabsorption. ARV was screened using real-time PCR, and fifteen positive samples were detected (20%), which were then subjected to embryonated chicken egg (ECE) isolation and molecular characterization (11/15 sample) of a partial segment of the sigma (σ)C gene (S1-gene). Phylogenetically, nine strains were found to belong to genotypic cluster IV, with 82–89% identity with Israeli ARV 2018, and two strains belong to genotypic cluster V with a 78% nucleotide identity with Japan ARV 2021. No correlation between lesions and genotype was found. The strains under study had a low sequence identity (43–55%) when compared with various commercial vaccines belonging to genotypic cluster I (e.g., strain S1133). These findings imply that novel ARV genotypes representing clusters IV and V have recently been introduced to Egyptian poultry farms. A homologous vaccine is suggested; because this variation raises the possibility that commercial vaccines may not offer protection against circulating ARVs.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90187897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Perching on Poultry Welfare and Production: A Review","authors":"R. Bist, S. Subedi, L. Chai, Prafulla Regmi, C. Ritz, W. Kim, Xiao Yang","doi":"10.3390/poultry2020013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020013","url":null,"abstract":"Perching is one of the essential natural behaviors for avian species. Providing an optimal perching design (e.g., shape, dimension, and materials) for commercial poultry production is critical for maintaining bird health, welfare, and production efficiency. This review paper summarized poultry perching studies and discussed the relationship between perch design, bird welfare, and production efficiency. Providing perches at an early stage may ensure optimum use during adulthood, reduce perching accidents, and lower the risk of floor eggs in cage-free (CF) hen houses. Therefore, a perch space of 15 cm per bird is recommended for the CF hen house. Similarly, rectangular perches are preferred to circular perches as the rectangular perch provides hens with an excellent tendon-locking mechanism to prevent slipping. In addition, perches with softer materials such as polyurethane and rubber coverings are recommended to increase the contact surface on the chicken’s toes. Perching behavior (PB) promotes a musculocutaneous system and reduces the incidences of footpad dermatitis and lesions. Generally, providing perching may reduce aggression and stress in birds and improve welfare and production efficiency. In the case of broilers, it is found that the broiler perches less during the latter stage of their lives because they are comparatively heavier and exhibit a more inactive lifestyle. Studies have investigated the effect of the surface temperature of the perch on broilers’ welfare. Perches with lower temperatures help improve performance and welfare by relieving heat stress and leg issues. Overall, PB is required to improve bird health and welfare.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77626958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Benefits of Exogenous Xylanase in Wheat–Soy Based Broiler Chicken Diets, Consisting of Different Soluble Non-Starch Polysaccharides Content","authors":"V. Pirgozliev, S. Mansbridge, I. Whiting, J. Abdulla, S. Rose, K. Kljak, Amy E. Johnson, F. Drijfhout, A. Atanasov","doi":"10.3390/poultry2020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020012","url":null,"abstract":"Four wheat-based diets with either low soluble non-starch polysaccharide (NSPs, 13 g/kg) content (low viscosity, LV) or high NSPs content (33.5 g/kg; high viscosity, HV), without and with exogenous xylanase (XYL), were fed to male Ross 308 broiler chickens from 7 to 21 days age. The enzyme was supplemented at 100 FXU/kg diet, and its preparation was based on endo-1,4-beta-xylanase produced by Aspergillus oryzae. Each diet was fed to eight pens, with five birds in each pen, following randomisation. Chicks fed XYL had an improved feed efficiency, hepatic coenzyme Q10, cecal butyric acid concentration, nitrogen digestibility (p < 0.05) and increased dietary ME (p < 0.001). Compared to HV, birds fed LV diets had reduced weight of proventriculus, gizzard and the pancreas and higher blood glutathione peroxidase and dietary ME (p < 0.05), but no differences were observed on nutrient digestibility and growth performance variables. This also suggests that birds may tolerate a greater dietary NSPs content; thus, further benefits may be obtained by the application of XYL in low energy wheat-based diets.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72697533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on vitamin E, canthaxanthin and selenium to chick embryo antioxidant protection","authors":"I. Araújo, L. Lara","doi":"10.1080/00439339.2023.2192885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2023.2192885","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The egg provides the nutritional support for the development of the embryo; thus, the embryo’s antioxidant system can be enhanced with antioxidant supplementation agents in the breeder’s diet or antioxidant supplementation agents in in ovo feeding. The 19th day of broiler embryonic development can be cited as a moment of increased oxidative action on chick embryo tissues as on the 18th day of development, the chick starts the internal pipping of the air chamber and starts to have a greater oxygen supply, which can intensify the oxidative action and the generation of free radicals. The use of vitamin E in doses higher than 200 mg/kg in the breeders’ feed influences the oxidative protection in the egg yolk, with a greater concentration of antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px activity, SOD and catalase) in the serum, liver and musculature of breeders and in the serum of newly hatched chicks. Canthaxanthin (6 mg/kg) in the broiler breeders’ diet is efficient in improving the results of egg fertility, hatchability and oxidative status of the newly hatched chick. Supplementing selenium in the breeder’s feed is capable of increasing the availability of selenium for embryonic development and increasing the antioxidant capacity of the embryo’s tissues, increasing the hatching. Vitamin E in ovo feeding was studied, but the doses administered need to be further investigated because there is a certain discrepancy between the results found. The only study that evaluated a commercial product containing canthaxanthin in ovo indicated an improvement in the antioxidant capacity of the embryo; however, it was recommended that the studies are carried out to elucidate the use of pure canthaxanthin. The present review found that oxidative protection of embryonic tissues during development and at hatching period is essential for an incubation with a high number of hatched chicks and a low incidence of embryonic mortality.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84499282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yeast and derived products: their uses in preventing mycotoxins in poultry feeds","authors":"R. M. Bilal, Muhammad Ali Tahir, A. Shahzad, Mayada R. Farag, Abdelmonem Siddiq, N. El-shall, K. Dhama, S. Elnesr, M. Alagawany","doi":"10.1080/00439339.2023.2189207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2023.2189207","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Poultry is an important source of human protein so research was done to identify methods of improving the feed quality and overcoming the challenge of using this feed type. Poultry feed is commonly contaminated with certain organisms like fungi which produce a group of secondary metabolites called mycotoxins, which affect the quality of the feed. These mycotoxins are highly toxic even in a small concentration like ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol, and T-2 toxin causing a wide range of disorders such as hepatic and kidney injury, etc. This review aims to provide an insight into this problem and the use of yeast and its derived products as a method to overcome these mycotoxins. In the literature, yeast is applied to poultry feed as it promotes the growth of broilers when added to the diet and enhances immunity by increasing the antibody titre and macrophages. It increases the size of immunity organs like the thymus gland and the spleen, improves gut immunity, and decreases the proportion of certain microorganisms like E. coli and Salmonella. Lachancea Thermotoleran is an example of a yeast strain that produces volatile organic compounds like 2-phenyl ethanol, which decreases the production of OTA by certain percentages according to the applied conditions. Therefore, the inclusion of yeast was applied as a promising feed additive to overcome mycotoxins in poultry diets because of its many benefits.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79918435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guinea fowl production in the world","authors":"I. Araújo, César Guato Guamán, L. S. Sousa, Hitalo José Barbosa Santos, T. S. Lopes, Bruno T. A. Costa, L. J. Lara","doi":"10.1080/00439339.2023.2189205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2023.2189205","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Guinea fowls are an alternative source of high-quality meat and eggs. Several studies have been developed on guinea fowl reproduction, nutrition, management, meat and egg quality, including genetic improvement. However, due to the breeding system used in this species, advances in these areas have been delayed. Guinea fowls have their particular morphological and productive aspects. For example, they have seasonal reproductive characteristics, with an egg production that ranges, depending on the type of system, from 20 eggs in the extensive system to 50–200 in the intensive system. Females are heavier than males, especially when sexual maturity begins. Another characteristic is the presence of a brown-coloured cephalic protuberance in both sexes and its widely varied plumage. Other factors such as fertility and hatchability have yet to be fully elucidated. The storage of guinea fowl hatching eggs also deserves more attention. As in the case of broilers, a longer storage time can negatively affect hatchability and chick quality, emphasising that eggs from young breeders are more resistant to a higher storage time. In the nutrition field, research has focussed on determining nutrient requirements. However, standardised diets and correct nutritional requirements for better performance are still scarce. Lack of knowledge about proper nutrition along with poor genetic selection results in slow growth of the guinea hen. Despite the challenges, guinea fowl meat is one of the alternatives to chicken meat, in terms of access to a source of quality protein and financial profitability in certain markets. Guinea fowl eggs present characteristics of a nutritional supplement to a much greater degree in terms of quantitative and qualitative than other alternative bird species. This review aims to assess several aspects related to guinea fowl production as an alternative species in the poultry industry and its global panorama.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83446274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioprocessing of broiler feathers to produce biomethane","authors":"Victor Erpen Broering, Orozimbo Furlan Júnior, Nicoly Subtil de Oliveira, R. D. Ollhoff, Igor Vivian de Almeida, E. A. Rosa","doi":"10.1080/00439339.2023.2175344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2023.2175344","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Feathers are among the main by-products of the poultry meat industry and are a serious environmental and health liability, with millions of tons being burned or buried annually. However, given their protein nature, they can be used as an energy matrix based on methane-rich biogas, the so-called biomethane. In theory, energy conversion is very cost-effective and would be employable to generate heat or electricity for the producer or the industry. This review presents biotechnological aspects to increase the production of methane-rich biogas (MRB). Topics such as feather quality, keratin hydrolysis (by keratinolytic microorganisms, by alkali and by reducing agents), keratin extraction by rapid vapour explosion, methane production, inoculants for anaerobic digestion and ammonia stripping are addressed.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88203648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}