MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series最新文献

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Improving the Quality of Corporate Household Data: Current Practices and Research Directions 提高企业住户数据质量:现状与研究方向
MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series Pub Date : 2001-11-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.365180
S. Madnick, Richard Y. Wang, Frank Dravis, Xinping Chen
{"title":"Improving the Quality of Corporate Household Data: Current Practices and Research Directions","authors":"S. Madnick, Richard Y. Wang, Frank Dravis, Xinping Chen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.365180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.365180","url":null,"abstract":"Corporate household data not only refers to the strict hierarchical structure about and within the corporation, but also the variety of inter-organizational relationships. It is becoming increasingly important for many purposes ranging from CRM and ERP applications, to risk management, supply chain management, and marketing. We propose conceptual definitions for corporate household, corporate household knowledge, and corporate household knowledge processor. After describing research challenges and conceptual definitions, we summarize current practices and approaches. We then present a two-part plan: (1) continue our qualitative research to describe the various different sources, views, and purposes for corporate household data, including the rules used in each case; (2) apply the context interchange theory to represent the corporate household data and underlying knowledge and enable the context mediation technology to correctly understand and reason about both the context of the sources and the context of the user's query about corporate household data.","PeriodicalId":239656,"journal":{"name":"MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129630931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Understanding and Managing Risks in Large Engineering Projects 理解和管理大型工程项目中的风险
MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series Pub Date : 2001-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.289260
D. Lessard, Roger Miller
{"title":"Understanding and Managing Risks in Large Engineering Projects","authors":"D. Lessard, Roger Miller","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.289260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.289260","url":null,"abstract":"Large engineering projects are high-stakes games characterized by substantial irreversible commitments, skewed reward structures in case of success, and high probabilities of failure. Drawing on 60 real life projects, this article shows that successful projects are not selected but shaped with risk resolution in mind. Rather than evaluating projects at the outset based on projections of the full sets of benefits, costs and risks over their lifetime, successful sponsors start with project ideas that have the possibility of becoming viable. Successful sponsors then embark on shaping efforts to influence risk drivers.","PeriodicalId":239656,"journal":{"name":"MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126454543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 402
Managing Research and Development Across Government Departments: The "Virtual Agency" Concept in the United States 跨政府部门的研发管理:美国的“虚拟代理”概念
MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series Pub Date : 2001-08-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.288132
Miguel Castro, R. Foster, K. Gunn, E. Roberts
{"title":"Managing Research and Development Across Government Departments: The \"Virtual Agency\" Concept in the United States","authors":"Miguel Castro, R. Foster, K. Gunn, E. Roberts","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.288132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.288132","url":null,"abstract":"The virtual agency concept is now used within the United States Government to manage large research and development processes across departments. This paper examines the history of the virtual agency concept and its important characteristics. The paper identifies the potential benefits and associated risks involved in managing research and development within a virtual agency. Three cases are examined where the virtual agency concept has been applied to research and development programs in the United States: the High Performance Computing and Communications initiative, the Next Generation Internet, and the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles. The case studies indicate that the research and development process is attempting to balance formal process controls with the agility to adapt rapidly to new research opportunities. Virtual agencies can be used to improve organizational efficiency, improve knowledge transfer, increase interoperability through standards, provide better alignment of agency missions with national policy, and introduce increased flexibility into the research and development process. At the same time, the virtual agency concept has major risks including inefficiencies due to organizational complexity, the danger of collective myopia, the problem of adopting standards too early, the difficulty of reaching objectives in a loose organizational structure, and the problem of properly balancing the tension between agency mission objectives and national policy agendas.","PeriodicalId":239656,"journal":{"name":"MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127929227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Plum Financial Services 梅花金融服务
MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series Pub Date : 2001-08-01 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.317141
M. Vitale, Kristine Dery
{"title":"Plum Financial Services","authors":"M. Vitale, Kristine Dery","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.317141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.317141","url":null,"abstract":"Plum Financial Services is a start-up company that manages superannuation (retirement) funds for organizations and their employees. The company is a joint venture between Vanguard, a large American financial services firm, and MLC, a large Australian investment management firm. The case explores the reasons that these two large firms elected to use a start-up joint venture as an entry into e-business, and the particular issues faced by that start-up as it competes in a market dominated by much larger players. The case also describes Plum's unique approach to human resources and its evolutionary development of IT capabilities.","PeriodicalId":239656,"journal":{"name":"MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133911812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
On the Primal-Dual Geometry of Level Sets in Linear and Conic Optimization 关于线性和二次优化中水平集的原始-对偶几何
MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series Pub Date : 2001-07-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.283690
R. Freund
{"title":"On the Primal-Dual Geometry of Level Sets in Linear and Conic Optimization","authors":"R. Freund","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.283690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.283690","url":null,"abstract":"For a conic optimization problem: minimize c*x subject to Ax=b, x in C, we present a geometric relationship between the maximum norms of the level sets of the primal and the inscribed sizes of the level sets of the dual (or the other way around).","PeriodicalId":239656,"journal":{"name":"MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121539171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
Shareholder Wealth Effects of Pooling-of-Interests Accounting: Evidence from the Sec's Restriction on Share Repurchases Following Pooling Transactions 利益池会计的股东财富效应:来自Sec对池化交易后股票回购限制的证据
MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series Pub Date : 2000-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.246370
Joseph P. Weber
{"title":"Shareholder Wealth Effects of Pooling-of-Interests Accounting: Evidence from the Sec's Restriction on Share Repurchases Following Pooling Transactions","authors":"Joseph P. Weber","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.246370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.246370","url":null,"abstract":"Existing research on pooling-of-interests accounting suggests that managers are willing to pay additional transaction costs and merger premiums to use pooling to increase future accounting net income. There is currently little evidence indicating whether the firm's shareholders benefit from managers' decisions to use pooling. This paper examines whether shareholders benefit from the use of pooling-of-interests, by focusing on the transactions that arise from a recent SEC regulation restricting firms' ability to repurchase shares following pooling transactions. The results suggest that shareholders do not consider the favorable financial reporting effects of pooling to be beneficial, when they are obtained at the cost of firms' share repurchase programs. These results should be of interest to the FASB in their continued attempts to regulate the use of pooling.","PeriodicalId":239656,"journal":{"name":"MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series","volume":"2010 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125612687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 39
How Open Source Software Works: 'Free' User-to-User Assistance? 开源软件是如何工作的:“免费”用户对用户的帮助?
MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series Pub Date : 2000-05-01 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.290305
E. von Hippel, K. Lakhani
{"title":"How Open Source Software Works: 'Free' User-to-User Assistance?","authors":"E. von Hippel, K. Lakhani","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.290305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.290305","url":null,"abstract":"Research into free and open source software development projects has so far largely focused on how the major tasks of software development are organized and motivated. But a complete project requires the execution of “mundane but necessary” tasks as well. In this paper, we explore how the mundane but necessary task of field support is organized in the case of Apache web server software, and why some project participants are motivated to provide this service gratis to others. We find that the Apache field support system functions effectively. We also find that, when we partition the help system into its component tasks, 98% of the effort expended by information providers in fact returns direct learning benefits to those providers. This finding considerably reduces the puzzle of why information providers are willing to perform this task “for free.” Implications are discussed. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":239656,"journal":{"name":"MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124735459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1818
Intelligent Energy 智能能源
MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3676584
H. Weil
{"title":"Intelligent Energy","authors":"H. Weil","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3676584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3676584","url":null,"abstract":"The sources of value and growth in the energy sector are shifting significantly. Energy as a product is a commodity. Energy as a service (EaaS) creates value by solving important problems for a segment of customers. “Intelligent energy” is the next generation of EaaS. Intelligent energy solutions involve innovative business models that use customer information to create value. Most business model innovations are platform plays. This paper presents a conceptual model of platform development and the dynamics that can lead to a dominant platform in an application, e.g., search, or a market sector, e.g., retail. Intelligent energy applications already span a wide range of domains, e.g., building management, manufacturing, energy infrastructure, oil and gas production, and mobility. A series of examples are discussed and mobility is the subject of a detailed case study. The case study demonstrates the importance of changing the business model as the market evolves. There will be major opportunities for intelligent energy solutions, but the nature and timing of these opportunities will change as the streams of vehicle technology develop and converge. The mobility scenario is a potential future, not a forecast. It does however highlight several characteristics of intelligent energy opportunities. First, many are transient. Second, innovative business models often are required to capture the value. Third, trust plays a central role in the implementation of intelligent energy. Finally, new intelligent energy solutions start with no users. The operator must build a user base, earn the trust of early users, and capture a critical mass of user information as quickly as possible. The way forward will exploit artificial intelligence and machine learning to power the learn more/serve better dynamics that lie at the center of most intelligent energy models.","PeriodicalId":239656,"journal":{"name":"MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series","volume":"49 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120981858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Information Aggregation Using the Cameleon# Web Wrapper 使用cameleon# Web Wrapper进行信息聚合
MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.771492
A. Firat, S. Madnick, Nor Adnan Yahaya, Choo Wai Kuan, S. Bressan
{"title":"Information Aggregation Using the Cameleon# Web Wrapper","authors":"A. Firat, S. Madnick, Nor Adnan Yahaya, Choo Wai Kuan, S. Bressan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.771492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.771492","url":null,"abstract":"Cameleon# is a web data extraction and management tool that provides information aggregation with advanced capabilities that are useful for developing value-added applications and services for electronic business and electronic commerce. To illustrate its features, we use an airfare aggregation example that collects data from eight online sites, including Travelocity, Orbitz, and Expedia. This paper covers the integration of Cameleon# with commercial database management systems, such as MS SQL Server, and XML query languages, such as XQuery.","PeriodicalId":239656,"journal":{"name":"MIT Sloan School of Management Working Paper Series","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121070765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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