2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)最新文献

{"title":"Cloud Data Breach Disclosures: the Consumer and their Personally Identifiable Information (PII)?","authors":"David Kolevski, Katina Michael, Roba Abbas, M. Freeman","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532579","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of cloud computing data breaches across the world is increasing as retailers, financial institutions, health providers and businesses of all sizes rely on infrastructure, platform, software, and anything as a service (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS and XaaS respectively). As cloud provisioning requires the Internet for the realization of services, security has become paramount. Companies have adopted cloud services to allow for agility in response to growth, particularly of digital services, while reducing their overall costs and maintenance issues. At the same time, the personally identifiable information (PII) of hundreds of millions of end-users is now at risk of being hacked, through insecure cloud computing practices that lead to data breaches. In this article, we explore three cases of significant cloud computing data breaches: 2011 Sony PlayStation Network (PSN); 2014 eBay, Inc.; and 2014 Yahoo!. This paper employs a qualitative methodology, using mini case studies to demonstrate the significance of data breaches. While class action lawsuits by citizens have brought attention to potential matters of disclosure, the misuse of data, and identity fraud in the context of cloud computing, US courts continue to rule that the direct costs to the individual end-user are merely speculative and not provable. The role of consumer class action for data breaches in the cloud are presented in this article.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125821853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolegomena to a Critique of Cybernetic Reason","authors":"Luís Homem","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532531","url":null,"abstract":"Norbert Wiener's neologism of Cybernetics, meaning “navigation” or “steering”, immediately resonates with the Kantian period of the three Critiques (1781–1790) book title question What does it mean to orient oneself in thinking? (1786). Besides, cognition (cognitio; erkenntnis) and knowledge (scientia; wissen) are pivotal concepts in regulatory systems and self-organization. Indeed, the regulative principle of teleology in the “Dialectic of Teleological Judgement” in the Critique of Judgment (1790) theoretically expanded but forwent the mechanistic view of nature, next scientifically redeemed by Darwin, nevertheless foreshadowing feedback teleology under subjective autonomy and control. Control theory is rooted on A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field (1865) by J. C. Maxwell, with electric and magnetic wave synthesis, thus predicting radiation energy pervasiveness in physics. Yet and before, it was Young's double-slit interference experiment (1801), just about the time of Kant's death (1804) and prior commissioning of the Opus Postumum (ca. 1800) that, while asserting the wave theory of light in anticipation to new interpretations of quantum mechanics, firstly dismantled the Aufklärung edifice and architectonics. It is here suggested that not only the background of natural selection and new physics inflicted a fatal blow to transcendental idealism, but also and decisively, that a coup de grâce came upon it by a series of diagonalisation arguments ever since Cantor (1891): the negative limits and aftermath results in logic (Frege, Gödel, and Tarski), computation and information (Turing, Shannon) and quantum physics (Heisenberg and Bohr). Cybernetics as a science shall arise as an inversion of Kantian architectonics.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133601892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The lasting influence of Cybernetics in Contemporary Art; theory into praxis","authors":"Zachary Pearl","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532580","url":null,"abstract":"In The Cybernetics Moment, Ronald R. Kline provides an account of why cybernetics, as a term and discipline, all but disappeared from North American consciousness following the “cybernetics craze.” According to Kline, this was a time of intense attention on cybernetics in the cultural milieu where it became “a fad among artists, musicians and intellectuals in the 1950s and 60s.” Without disputing Kline's central claim—that the parlance of cybernetics greatly diminished with the rise of an “information age narrative”—this paper demonstrates that this ‘informational turn’ had little effect on artmaking, where cybernetics continued to be of critical interest to artists working with technology long after the post-war period. By mapping a trajectory of cybernetics in art from sculpture and performance in the 1960s through new media art in the 80s and 90s up to post-Internet artmaking today, a practical conception of cybernetics is articulated, in which communication and information are thought of as material and social processes. This embodied understanding of cybernetic systems is positioned as unique to contemporary art practice, unshared by other disciplines.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132778069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic Operation of Accommodation Ladder on Tidal Ports","authors":"G. Jegadeeswari, B. Kirubadurai, P. Dhanasekar, S. Viknesh","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532571","url":null,"abstract":"This Paper is mainly focused on the Accommodation ladder of the ship. At present the Gangway is provided with the automatic operation in offshore fleets in order to Transport the Equipment from one ship to another, that is it can transport the equipment between two floating vessels and between one floating vessel and a static structure (for example in from ship to Offshore windmill structure). So this method can be modified and can be implemented in the Accommodation ladder and the damage that are being caused to the ladder can be Minimized to a maximum extent and will be very useful for the Tidal Ports.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114422257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parallel FPFH SLAM for Aerial Vehicles","authors":"Shreyas Madhav A V, B. R. Kanna","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532582","url":null,"abstract":"Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is a computational problem in autonomous robotics that has been a domain of extensive research in the past decade. The significance of the algorithm in ensuring the mainstream application of autonomous robot navigation explains the importance placed on it. Aerial vehicles are employed in several critical industries like defence and forestry to provide accurate surveillance results with the help of onboard navigation and visioning systems. While SLAM algorithms are existent for UAV applications, the application of parallelism on 3D aerial SLAM has not been explored. This paper proposes a parallelized LiDAR 3D SLAM algorithm for aerial autonomous robots. Fast Point Feature Histogram (FPFH) descriptors are extracted for the alignment process which is later finetuned by Iterative Closest Point (ICP) registration. The final estimated trajectory is put through 3D pose graph optimization to minimize the overall drift that may be present The final trajectory and point cloud map is displayed by the algorithm and compared with the ground truth data. The number of threads and CPUs utilized for parallelization of the algorithm have been varied and compared. The simulated results show a significant change of 26% in execution time for the parallelized algorithm utilizing 4 CPUs compared to its serial version.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116995671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prepaid Electricity Monitoring System","authors":"Amanraj Singh Tomar, Anshul Sahu, Aniruddha Mate","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532539","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is about a prepaid electricity monitoring system using the internet of things, which monitors electricity consumption and provides feedback on power usage. The conventional electricity meters are not easily accessible and lack in record of electricity consumption daily. This paper represents a system that tracks electricity usage and stores the data on a cloud server and thus can be accessed from anywhere in the world. The system will give notification on reaching a predefined limit and will also generate the bill of total electricity being used. As this is a prepaid electricity monitoring system the user has to feed a particular amount as per the requirement and that amount gets deducted as per the electricity consumption of the household.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114934591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cybernetics and Digital Whiteness: Exposure to Radicalization through Feedback Loops","authors":"Devin Proctor","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532566","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on ongoing digital ethnographic work studying the links between Internet culture, algorithmic logics, and extremist white supremacy as they collaborate in the radicalization of young people. In my previous work, I became interested in the ways feedback loops and cybernetic experience affect Internet users. Through this research I developed a theory of “cybernetic animism,” which (briefly put) argues that the existence of non-human bots, algorithms, and AI systems in the Internet creates a fully social environment regardless of the presence of other humans. This current research applies the same concept to user experience specifically to uncover the ways “whiteness” and “white identity” are constructed and deployed in the process of radicalization. To study this process, I examine Internet practice across spaces such as Wikipedia, Google Search, Facebook, and Gab, with particular focus on the phrases “It's Okay to Be White” and “White Lives Matter.” My hope in this work is to trace the ways feedback loops create space for and encourage extremism, so we may work towards mitigating their consequences.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114880640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Copyright notice]","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/21cw48944.2021.9532509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21cw48944.2021.9532509","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122642073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology for social well-being: Strengthening urban resilience in developing countries integrating infrastructure, energy, health and social inclusion","authors":"R. Mohideen","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532527","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is based on the premise that the principal purpose of science and technological development should be the well-being of society in harmony with environmental sustainability. Vaclav Smil [1] argues “commonly used measures of energy use – be it conversion efficiencies, energy costs, per capita utilization levels, growth rates, consumption elasticity, or output rations – are just helpful indicators of the performance and dynamics of processes whose aim should not be merely to secure basic existential needs or to satisfy assorted consumerist urges but also to enrich intellectual lives and to make us more successful as a social and caring species.” Energy and electricity access and use is valuable not in itself, but for what it enables women and men “to do or achieve” [2]. Grubler studied the history of past energy transitions and identifies ‘grand patterns’, one of which being the critical importance of end-use — consumers and demand – “with technology and the social settings co-evolving, depending on each other” [3]. Feminist studies in science and technology treat technology as a ‘socio-technical’ product and describe the relationship between gender and technology as one of mutual shaping [4]. Gender and development studies put forward the concept of ‘gender mainstreaming’ which has been applied to infrastructure programs, such as energy, transport and digital infrastructure, based on gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) approaches. The paper draws from these frameworks. Norbert Wiener considered the resilience of urban centres in preparation for a potential nuclear attack and outlined what he considered to be some key features of urban plans. In the first draft of his urban plan, titled “Civilian Defense Plan”, his central argument is that the atomic bomb has rendered our previous understanding of civil defense obsolete and that “we need to reorganize our cities where they stand” – markets, points for medical supplies, hospitals, transportation, etc [5]. The Covid-19 pandemic highlighted the inter-relatedness and inter-connections between physical infrastructure, key utilities and services, and economic, health and social outcomes. There is an urgent need to rethink and transform cities to respond to the reality of Covid-19 and potential future pandemics, and to recover better, by building more resilient, inclusive and sustainable cities. International experiences show that cities with similar densities and levels of economic development have fared very differently in their ability to contain Covid-19. This indicates that the strength and duration of impacts of Covid-19 are not solely determined by a city's population density, but also by local capacity and preparedness to deal with such crises, infrastructure and service delivery systems, citizen's trust and confidence in society's institutions and the level of functional responsibilities and resources available to them through decentralized systems. Some of the key lessons for ","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127705859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Interpretability, and Explainability of Models in the Framework of Granular Computing and Federated Learning","authors":"W. Pedrycz","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532525","url":null,"abstract":"In data analytics, system modeling, and decision-making, the aspects of interpretability and explainability are of paramount relevance; one can refer here to explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). The increasing complexity of systems one has to cope with, distributed nature of data with an ultimate concern about privacy and security of data and models are other challenges present in system modeling. With the proliferation of mobile devices, distributed data, and security and privacy restrictions, federated learning becomes a feasible development alternative. We advocate that there are two factors that immensely contribute to the realization of the above important requirements, namely, (i) a suitable level of abstraction along with its hierarchical aspects in describing the problem and (ii) a logic fabric of the resultant constructs. It is demonstrated that their conceptualization and the following realization can be conveniently carried out with the use of information granules (for example, fuzzy sets, sets, rough sets, and alike). Information granules are building blocks forming the interpretable environment capturing the essence of data and revealing key relationships existing there. Their emergence is supported by a systematic and focused analysis of data. At the same time, their initialization is specified by stakeholders or/and the owners and users of data. We present a comprehensive discussion of a design of information granules and their description by engaging an innovative mechanism of federated unsupervised learning in which information granules are constructed and refined with the use of collaborate schemes of clustering. For illustrative reasons, the study will be focused on the timely issues of interpretability and federated learning in the context of functional rule-based models with the rules in the form “if $x$ is $A$ then $y=f(x)$” with the condition parts described by information granules. The interpretability mechanisms are aimed at a systematic elevation of interpretability of the conditions and conclusions of the rules. It is shown that augmenting interpretability of conditions is achieved by (i) decomposing a multivariable information granule into its one-dimensional components, (ii) delivering their symbolic characterization, and (iii) carrying out a process of linguistic approximation.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123470278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}